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    ElasticSearch Cookbook - Second Edition
    ElasticSearch Cookbook - Second Edition
    ElasticSearch Cookbook - Second Edition
    Ebook1,250 pages7 hours

    ElasticSearch Cookbook - Second Edition

    By Alberto Paro

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    About this ebook

    About This Book
    • Deploy and manage simple ElasticSearch nodes as well as complex cluster topologies
    • Write native plugins to extend the functionalities of ElasticSearch to boost your business
    • Packed with clear, step-by-step recipes to walk you through the capabilities of ElasticSearch
    Who This Book Is For

    If you are a developer who implements ElasticSearch in your web applications and want to sharpen your understanding of the core elements and applications, this is the book for you. It is assumed that you’ve got working knowledge of JSON and, if you want to extend ElasticSearch, of Java and related technologies.

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherPackt Publishing
    Release dateJan 28, 2015
    ISBN9781783554843
    ElasticSearch Cookbook - Second Edition

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      ElasticSearch Cookbook - Second Edition - Alberto Paro

      Table of Contents

      ElasticSearch Cookbook Second Edition

      Credits

      About the Author

      Acknowledgments

      About the Reviewers

      www.PacktPub.com

      Support files, eBooks, discount offers, and more

      Why subscribe?

      Free access for Packt account holders

      Preface

      What this book covers

      What you need for this book

      Who this book is for

      Sections

      Getting ready

      How to do it…

      How it works…

      There's more…

      See also

      Conventions

      Reader feedback

      Customer support

      Downloading the example code

      Errata

      Piracy

      Questions

      1. Getting Started

      Introduction

      Understanding nodes and clusters

      Getting ready

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Understanding node services

      Getting ready

      How it works...

      Managing your data

      Getting ready

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Best practices

      See also

      Understanding clusters, replication, and sharding

      Getting ready

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Solving the yellow status...

      Solving the red status

      See also

      Communicating with ElasticSearch

      Getting ready

      How it works...

      Using the HTTP protocol

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Using the native protocol

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Using the Thrift protocol

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      There's more...

      See also

      2. Downloading and Setting Up

      Introduction

      Downloading and installing ElasticSearch

      Getting ready

      How to do it…

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Setting up networking

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Setting up a node

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Setting up for Linux systems

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Setting up different node types

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Installing plugins in ElasticSearch

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Installing a plugin manually

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Removing a plugin

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Changing logging settings

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      3. Managing Mapping

      Introduction

      Using explicit mapping creation

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Mapping base types

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Mapping arrays

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Mapping an object

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Mapping a document

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Using dynamic templates in document mapping

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Managing nested objects

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Managing a child document

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Adding a field with multiple mappings

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Mapping a geo point field

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Mapping a geo shape field

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Mapping an IP field

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Mapping an attachment field

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Adding metadata to a mapping

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Specifying a different analyzer

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Mapping a completion suggester

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      4. Basic Operations

      Introduction

      Creating an index

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      See also

      Deleting an index

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Opening/closing an index

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Putting a mapping in an index

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Getting a mapping

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Deleting a mapping

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Refreshing an index

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Flushing an index

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Optimizing an index

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      See also

      Checking if an index or type exists

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Managing index settings

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There is more…

      See also

      Using index aliases

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      Indexing a document

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      See also

      Getting a document

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      See also

      Deleting a document

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Updating a document

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Speeding up atomic operations (bulk operations)

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Speeding up GET operations (multi GET)

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also...

      5. Search, Queries, and Filters

      Introduction

      Executing a search

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Sorting results

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Highlighting results

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Executing a scan query

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Suggesting a correct query

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Counting matched results

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Deleting by query

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Matching all the documents

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Querying/filtering for a single term

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Querying/filtering for multiple terms

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works…

      There's more...

      See also

      Using a prefix query/filter

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works…

      See also

      Using a Boolean query/filter

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works…

      See also

      Using a range query/filter

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Using span queries

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Using a match query

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Using an ID query/filter

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Using a has_child query/filter

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Using a top_children query

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Using a has_parent query/filter

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Using a regexp query/filter

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Using a function score query

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Using exists and missing filters

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Using and/or/not filters

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Using a geo bounding box filter

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Using a geo polygon filter

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Using geo distance filter

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Using a QueryString query

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Using a template query

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      6. Aggregations

      Introduction

      Executing an aggregation

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Executing the stats aggregation

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Executing the terms aggregation

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      See also

      Executing the range aggregation

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      See also

      Executing the histogram aggregation

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      See also

      Executing the date histogram aggregation

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Executing the filter aggregation

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      See also

      Executing the global aggregation

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Executing the geo distance aggregation

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Executing nested aggregation

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      Executing the top hit aggregation

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See Also

      7. Scripting

      Introduction

      Installing additional script plugins

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Managing scripts

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Sorting data using script

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Computing return fields with scripting

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Filtering a search via scripting

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Updating a document using scripts

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      8. Rivers

      Introduction

      Managing a river

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      See also

      Using the CouchDB river

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      See also

      Using the MongoDB river

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Using the RabbitMQ river

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      See also

      Using the JDBC river

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Using the Twitter river

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      See also

      9. Cluster and Node Monitoring

      Introduction

      Controlling cluster health via the API

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      See also

      Controlling cluster state via the API

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Getting cluster node information via the API

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      See also

      Getting node statistics via the API

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      See also

      Managing repositories

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      See also

      Executing a snapshot

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      Restoring a snapshot

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Installing and using BigDesk

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      Installing and using ElasticSearch Head

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      Installing and using SemaText SPM

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Installing and using Marvel

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      10. Java Integration

      Introduction

      Creating an HTTP client

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more

      See also

      Creating a native client

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more

      See also

      Managing indices with the native client

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Managing mappings

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more

      See also

      Managing documents

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Managing bulk actions

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Building a query

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more

      See also

      Executing a standard search

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Executing a search with aggregations

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Executing a scroll/scan search

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more

      See also

      11. Python Integration

      Introduction

      Creating a client

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      See also

      Managing indices

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Managing mappings

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      See also

      Managing documents

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      See also

      Executing a standard search

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      See also

      Executing a search with aggregations

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      See also

      12. Plugin Development

      Introduction

      Creating a site plugin

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      See also

      Creating a native plugin

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      Creating a REST plugin

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      See also

      Creating a cluster action

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Creating an analyzer plugin

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Creating a river plugin

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      See also

      Index

      ElasticSearch Cookbook Second Edition

      ElasticSearch Cookbook Second Edition

      Copyright © 2015 Packt Publishing

      All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical articles or reviews.

      Every effort has been made in the preparation of this book to ensure the accuracy of the information presented. However, the information contained in this book is sold without warranty, either express or implied. Neither the author, nor Packt Publishing and its dealers and distributors, will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by this book.

      Packt Publishing has endeavored to provide trademark information about all the companies and products mentioned in this book by the appropriate use of capitals. However, Packt Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of this information.

      First published: December 2013

      Second edition: January 2015

      Production reference: 1230115

      Published by Packt Publishing Ltd.

      Livery Place

      35 Livery Street

      Birmingham B3 2PB, UK.

      ISBN 978-1-78355-483-6

      www.packtpub.com

      Credits

      Author

      Alberto Paro

      Reviewers

      Florian Hopf

      Wenhan Lu

      Suvda Myagmar

      Dan Noble

      Philip O'Toole

      Acquisition Editor

      Rebecca Youé

      Content Development Editor

      Amey Varangaonkar

      Technical Editors

      Prajakta Mhatre

      Rohith Rajan

      Copy Editors

      Hiral Bhat

      Dipti Kapadia

      Neha Karnani

      Shambhavi Pai

      Laxmi Subramanian

      Ashwati Thampi

      Project Coordinator

      Leena Purkait

      Proofreaders

      Ting Baker

      Samuel Redman Birch

      Stephen Copestake

      Ameesha Green

      Lauren E. Harkins

      Indexer

      Hemangini Bari

      Graphics

      Valentina D'silva

      Production Coordinator

      Manu Joseph

      Cover Work

      Manu Joseph

      About the Author

      Alberto Paro is an engineer, project manager, and software developer. He currently works as a CTO at Big Data Technologies and as a freelance consultant on software engineering for Big Data and NoSQL solutions. He loves to study emerging solutions and applications mainly related to Big Data processing, NoSQL, natural language processing, and neural networks. He began programming in BASIC on a Sinclair Spectrum when he was 8 years old, and to date, has collected a lot of experience using different operating systems, applications, and programming.

      In 2000, he graduated in computer science engineering at Politecnico di Milano with a thesis on designing multiuser and multidevice web applications. He assisted professors at the university for about a year. He then came in contact with The Net Planet Company and loved their innovative ideas; he started working on knowledge management solutions and advanced data mining products. In summer 2014, his company was acquired by a Big Data technologies company, where he currently works mainly using Scala and Python on state-of-the-art big data software (Spark, Akka, Cassandra, and YARN). In 2013, he started freelancing as a consultant for Big Data, machine learning, and ElasticSearch.

      In his spare time, when he is not playing with his children, he likes to work on open source projects. When he was in high school, he started contributing to projects related to the GNOME environment (gtkmm). One of his preferred programming languages is Python, and he wrote one of the first NoSQL backends on Django for MongoDB (Django-MongoDB-engine). In 2010, he began using ElasticSearch to provide search capabilities to some Django e-commerce sites and developed PyES (a Pythonic client for ElasticSearch), as well as the initial part of the ElasticSearch MongoDB river. He is the author of ElasticSearch Cookbook as well as a technical reviewer Elasticsearch Server, Second Edition, and the video course, Building a Search Server with ElasticSearch, all of which are published by Packt Publishing.

      Acknowledgments

      It would have been difficult for me to complete this book without the support of a large number of people.

      First, I would like to thank my wife, my children, and the rest of my family for their valuable support.

      On a more personal note, I'd like to thank my friend, Mauro Gallo, for his patience.

      I'd like to express my gratitude to everyone at Packt Publishing who've been involved in the development and production of this book. I'd like to thank Amey Varangaonkar for guiding this book to completion, and Florian Hopf, Philip O'Toole, and Suvda Myagmar for patiently going through the first drafts and providing valuable feedback. Their professionalism, courtesy, good judgment, and passion for this book are much appreciated.

      About the Reviewers

      Florian Hopf works as a freelance software developer and consultant in Karlsruhe, Germany. He familiarized himself with Lucene-based search while working with different content management systems on the Java platform. He is responsible for small and large search systems, on both the Internet and intranet, for web content and application-specific data based on Lucene, Solr, and ElasticSearch. He helps to organize the local Java User Group as well as the Search Meetup in Karlsruhe, and he blogs at http://blog.florian-hopf.de.

      Wenhan Lu is currently pursuing his master's degree in computer science at Carnegie Mellon University. He has worked for Amazon.com, Inc. as a software engineering intern. Wenhan has more than 7 years of experience in Java programming. Today, his interests include distributed systems, search engineering, and NoSQL databases.

      Suvda Myagmar currently works as a technical lead at a San Francisco-based start-up called Expect Labs, where she builds developer APIs and tunes ranking algorithms for intelligent voice-driven, content-discovery applications. She is the co-founder of Piqora, a company that specializes in social media analytics and content management solutions for online retailers. Prior to working for start-ups, she worked as a software engineer at Yahoo! Search and Microsoft Bing.

      Dan Noble is a software engineer from Washington, D.C. who has been a big fan of ElasticSearch since 2011. He's the author of the Python ElasticSearch driver called rawes, available at https://github.com/humangeo/rawes. Dan focuses his efforts on the development of web application design, data visualization, and geospatial applications.

      Philip O'Toole has developed software and led software development teams for more than 15 years for a variety of applications, including embedded software, networking appliances, web services, and SaaS infrastructure. His most recent work with ElasticSearch includes leading infrastructure design and development of Loggly's log analytics SaaS platform, whose core component is ElasticSearch. He is based in the San Francisco Bay Area and can be found online at http://www.philipotoole.com.

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      To Giulia and Andrea, my extraordinary children.

      Preface

      One of the main requirements of today's applications is search capability. In the market, we can find a lot of solutions that answer this need, both in commercial as well as the open source world. One of the most used libraries for searching is Apache Lucene. This library is the base of a large number of search solutions such as Apache Solr, Indextank, and ElasticSearch.

      ElasticSearch is written with both cloud and distributed computing in mind. Its main author, Shay Banon, who is famous for having developed Compass (http://www.compass-project.org), released the first version of ElasticSearch in March 2010.

      Thus, the main scope of ElasticSearch is to be a search engine; it also provides a lot of features that allow you to use it as a data store and an analytic engine using aggregations.

      ElasticSearch contains a lot of innovative features: it is JSON/REST-based, natively distributed in a Map/Reduce approach, easy to set up, and extensible with plugins. In this book, we will go into the details of these features and many others available in ElasticSearch.

      Before ElasticSearch, only Apache Solr was able to provide some of these functionalities, but it was not designed for the cloud and does not use the JSON/REST API. In the last few years, this situation has changed a bit with the release of the SolrCloud in 2012. For users who want to more thoroughly compare these two products, I suggest you read posts by Rafał Kuć, available at http://blog.sematext.com/2012/08/23/solr-vs-elasticsearch-part-1-overview/.

      ElasticSearch is a product that is in a state of continuous evolution, and new functionalities are released by both the ElasticSearch company (the company founded by Shay Banon to provide commercial support for ElasticSearch) and ElasticSearch users as plugins (mainly available on GitHub).

      Founded in 2012, the ElasticSearch company has raised a total of USD 104 million in funding. ElasticSearch's success can best be described by the words of Steven Schuurman, the company's cofounder and CEO:

      It's incredible to receive this kind of support from our investors over such a short period of time. This speaks to the importance of what we're doing: businesses are generating more and more data—both user- and machine-generated—and it has become a strategic imperative for them to get value out of these assets, whether they are starting a new data-focused project or trying to leverage their current Hadoop or other Big data investments.

      ElasticSearch has an impressive track record for its search product, powering customers such as Fourquare (which indexes over 50 million venues), the online music distribution platform SoundCloud, StumbleUpon, and the enterprise social network Xing, which has 14 million members. It also powers GitHub, which searches 20 terabytes of data and 1.3 billion files, and Loggly, which uses ElasticSearch as a key value store to index clusters of data for rapid analytics of logfiles.

      In my opinion, ElasticSearch is probably one of the most powerful and easy-to-use search solutions on the market. Throughout this book and these recipes, the book's reviewers and I have sought to transmit our knowledge, passion, and best practices to help readers better manage ElasticSearch.

      What this book covers

      Chapter 1, Getting Started, gives you an overview of the basic concepts of ElasticSearch and the ways to communicate with it.

      Chapter 2, Downloading and Setting Up, shows the basic steps to start using ElasticSearch, from the simple installation to running multiple nodes.

      Chapter 3, Managing Mapping, covers the correct definition of data fields to improve both the indexing and search quality.

      Chapter 4, Basic Operations, shows you the common operations that are required to both ingest and manage data in ElasticSearch.

      Chapter 5, Search, Queries, and Filters, covers the core search functionalities in ElasticSearch. The search DSL is the only way to execute queries in ElasticSearch.

      Chapter 6, Aggregations, covers another capability of ElasticSearch: the possibility to execute analytics on search results in order to improve the user experience and drill down the information.

      Chapter 7, Scripting, shows you how to customize ElasticSearch with scripting in different programming languages.

      Chapter 8, Rivers, extends ElasticSearch to give you the ability to pull data from different sources such as databases, NoSQL solutions, and data streams.

      Chapter 9, Cluster and Node Monitoring, shows you how to analyze the behavior of a cluster/node to understand common pitfalls.

      Chapter 10, Java Integration, describes how to integrate ElasticSearch in a Java application using both REST and native protocols.

      Chapter 11, Python Integration, covers the usage of the official ElasticSearch Python client and the Pythonic PyES library.

      Chapter 12, Plugin Development, describes how to create the different types of plugins: site and native plugins. Some examples show the plugin skeletons, the setup process, and their build.

      What you need for this book

      For this book, you will need a computer running a Windows OS, Macintosh OS, or Linux distribution. In terms of the additional software required, you don't have to worry, as all the components you will need are open source and available for every major OS platform.

      For all the REST examples, the cURL software (http://curl.haxx.se/) will be used to simulate the command from the command line. It comes preinstalled on Linux and Mac OS X operating systems. For Windows, it can be downloaded from its site and added in a PATH that can be called from the command line.

      Chapter 10, Java Integration, and Chapter 12, Plugin Development, require the Maven build tool (http://maven.apache.org/), which is a standard tool to manage builds, packaging, and deploying in Java. It is natively supported on most of the Java IDEs, such as Eclipse and IntelliJ IDEA.

      Chapter 11, Python Integration, requires the Python Interpreter installed on your computer. It's available on Linux and Mac OS X by default. For Windows, it can be downloaded from the official Python website (http://www.python.org). The examples in this chapter have been tested using version 2.x.

      Who this book is for

      This book is for developers and users who want to begin using ElasticSearch or want to improve their knowledge of ElasticSearch. This book covers all the aspects of using ElasticSearch and provides solutions and hints for everyday usage. The recipes have reduced complexity so it is easy for readers to focus on the discussed ElasticSearch aspect and easily and fully understand the ElasticSearch functionalities.

      The chapters toward the end of the book discuss ElasticSearch integration with Java and Python programming languages; this shows the users how to integrate the power of ElasticSearch into their Java- and Python-based applications.

      Chapter 12, Plugin Development, talks about the advanced use of ElasticSearch and its core extensions, so you will need some prior Java knowledge to understand this chapter fully.

      Sections

      This book contains the following sections:

      Getting ready

      This section tells us what to expect in the recipe, and describes how to set up any software or any preliminary settings needed for the recipe.

      How to do it…

      This section characterizes the steps to be followed for cooking the recipe.

      How it works…

      This section usually consists of a brief and detailed explanation of what happened in the previous section.

      There's more…

      It consists of additional information about the recipe in order to make the reader more anxious about the recipe.

      See also

      This section may contain references to the recipe.

      Conventions

      In this book, you will find a number of styles of text that distinguish between different kinds of information. Here are some examples of these styles, and an explanation of their meaning.

      Code words in text, database table names, folder names, filenames, file extensions, pathnames, dummy URLs, user input, and Twitter handles are shown as follows: After the name and type parameters, usually a river requires an extra configuration that can be passed in the _meta property.

      A block of code is set as follows:

      cluster.name: elasticsearch

      node.name: My wonderful server

      network.host: 192.168.0.1

      discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts: [192.168.0.2,192.168.0.3[9300-9400]]

      When we wish to draw your attention to a particular part of a code block, the relevant lines or items are set in bold:

      cluster.name: elasticsearch

      node.name: My wonderful server

      network.host: 192.168.0.1

       

      discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts: [192.168.0.2,192.168.0.3[9300-9400]]

      Any command-line input or output is written as follows:

      curl -XDELETE 'http://127.0.0.1:9200/_river/my_river/'

      New terms and important words are shown in bold. Words you see on the screen, in menus or dialog boxes, for example, appear in the text like this: If you don't see the cluster statistics, put your node address to the left and click on the connect button.

      Note

      Warnings or important notes appear in a box like this.

      Tip

      Tips and tricks appear like this.

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      Feedback from our readers is always welcome. Let us know what you think about this book—what you liked or may have disliked. Reader feedback is important for us to develop titles you really get the most out of.

      To send us general feedback, simply send an e-mail to <feedback@packtpub.com>, and mention the book title via the subject of your message.

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      Now that you are the proud owner of a Packt book, we have a number of things to help you get the most from your purchase.

      Downloading the example code

      You can download the example code files for all Packt books you have purchased from your account at http://www.packtpub.com. If you purchased this book elsewhere, you can visit http://www.packtpub.com/support and register to have the files e-mailed directly to you. The code bundle is also available on GitHub at https://github.com/aparo/elasticsearch-cookbook-second-edition.

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      Questions

      If you have a problem with any aspect of this book, you can contact us at <questions@packtpub.com>, and we will do our best to address the problem.

      Chapter 1. Getting Started

      In this chapter, we will cover:

      Understanding nodes and clusters

      Understanding node services

      Managing your data

      Understanding clusters, replication, and sharding

      Communicating with ElasticSearch

      Using the HTTP protocol

      Using the native protocol

      Using the Thrift protocol

      Introduction

      To efficiently use ElasticSearch, it is very important to understand how it works.

      The goal of this chapter is to give the readers an overview of the basic concepts of ElasticSearch and to be a quick reference for them. It's essential to understand the basics better so that you don't fall into the common pitfall about how ElasticSearch works and how to use it.

      The key concepts that we will see in this chapter are: node, index, shard, mapping/type, document, and field.

      ElasticSearch can be used both as a search engine as well as a data store.

      A brief description of the ElasticSearch logic helps the user to improve performance, search quality, and decide when and how to optimize the infrastructure to improve scalability and availability.

      Some details on data replications and base node communication processes are also explained.

      At the end of this chapter, the protocols used to manage ElasticSearch are also discussed.

      Understanding nodes and clusters

      Every instance of ElasticSearch is called a node. Several nodes are grouped in a cluster. This

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