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    Mastering Web Application Development with Express
    Mastering Web Application Development with Express
    Mastering Web Application Development with Express
    Ebook695 pages4 hours

    Mastering Web Application Development with Express

    By Alexandru Vlăduțu

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    About this ebook

    Prototyping an application is one thing, but making sure it's ready to launch is a whole different story. This book will enable you to create maintainable, high performance, and scalable web applications that will meet your production needs. From getting started to how to develop, hone, and protect your application with Express, this book gives you all the practical information you need to feel truly confident with the advanced features of Express.

    The essential bits and pieces of the framework are explained at the beginning, for a better understanding of the strong points of the framework. From there, we'll take you through the development of an application, from using middleware and template engines to RESTful APIs. By the end, you will have mastered the patterns of reusable code and error handling, and will have learned about other important aspects such as debugging, monitoring, and security.

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherPackt Publishing
    Release dateSep 25, 2014
    ISBN9781783981090
    Mastering Web Application Development with Express

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      Book preview

      Mastering Web Application Development with Express - Alexandru Vlăduțu

      it.

      Chapter 1. Diving into Express

      Express is the de facto web application framework for Node.js and one of the most depended-upon modules, according to the NPM registry.

      In this chapter, we will cover the following topics:

      The main features of the framework

      The comparison of Express with other web application frameworks

      Using the right tool for the right job

      The important companies that use Express in production

      How to structure applications with Express

      The best parts of Express

      When searching the Web for information on Express, we find that it is a minimal and flexible web framework that adds the essential bits and pieces needed to create powerful web applications.

      It is minimal because it provides the basic features we need to create web applications, such as routing based on URL paths (it has DSL to describe routes), support for template engines, cookie and session management, the parsing of incoming requests, and so on. Without these built-in features, we need to create our own custom solutions on top of the Node HTTP. The source code for Express is just a few thousand lines of code, enabling us to easily dig deeper for a better understanding of how things work internally.

      The flexibility comes from the fact that this framework does not impose things such as a certain application structure or database layer. Furthermore, not every middleware available is included by default when creating an application (unlike other big, monolithic frameworks); we have to explicitly include what we want. Even though Express is not a typical Model-View-Controller (MVC) framework, there's nothing stopping us from customizing it to be one if our requirements dictate it.

      We can build different kinds of applications with Express, such as REST APIs, single-page and multipage applications, real-time applications, applications that spawn external processes and output their result, and many others. Due to its intuitive API and flexibility, Express makes it easy for newcomers to get started with the framework and use it for rapid prototyping when needed. Although there are methods to facilitate certain actions (such as redirecting the user to another page or serving JSON data), the functions built into Node are also available for this purpose.

      The out-of-the-box performance of Express is really good; it can handle thousands of concurrent connections per second (the results are dependent on the concrete use case). An application can always be improved through caching, scaling to multiple processes, or other techniques, but it's good to know that Express won't be our bottleneck.

      Comparing Express with other frameworks

      When comparing a web framework to another, we first need to ask ourselves what problems each framework is trying to solve. After that, we can move on to compare their functionality and choose the one that suits our projects best.

      Goal

      Express was built to help developers with HTTP, not to be a full-stack framework that's packed with features. The framework gives us all the primitives to create all kinds of applications, from simple web applications to hybrid and real-time ones. Unlike big, monolithic frameworks, Express is not packed with things such as ORMs, view helpers, or other complex features. This means that we have the flexibility to plug in whatever we want to.

      Conventions

      When starting out with opinionated frameworks such as Rails, we need to learn about their conventions; a few examples of what we need to know are as follows:

      Where things go inside the application folder

      The naming conventions

      How to define data

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