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    VMware vCloud Director Cookbook
    VMware vCloud Director Cookbook
    VMware vCloud Director Cookbook
    Ebook966 pages5 hours

    VMware vCloud Director Cookbook

    By Langenhan Daniel

    ()

    Read preview

    About this ebook

    VMware vCloud Director Cookbook will adopt a Cookbook-based approach. Packed with illustrations and programming examples, this book explains the simple as well as the complex recipes in an easy-to-understand language."VMware vCloud Director Cookbook" is aimed at system administrators and technical architects moving from a virtualized environment to cloud environments. Familiarity with cloud computing platforms and some knowledge of virtualization and managing cloud environments is expected.
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherPackt Publishing
    Release dateOct 24, 2013
    ISBN9781782177678
    VMware vCloud Director Cookbook

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      Book preview

      VMware vCloud Director Cookbook - Langenhan Daniel

      Table of Contents

      VMware vCloud Director Cookbook

      Credits

      About the Author

      About the Reviewers

      www.PacktPub.com

      Support files, eBooks, discount offers and more

      Why Subscribe?

      Free Access for Packt account holders

      Instant Updates on New Packt Books

      Preface

      What this book covers

      What you need for this book

      Who this book is for

      Conventions

      Reader feedback

      Customer support

      Downloading the example code

      Errata

      Piracy

      Questions

      1. Setting Up Networks

      Introduction

      Network Pools

      Setting up an External Network

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Creating 1,000 isolated networks without VXLANs

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Making VXLANs work

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Integrating the Cisco 1000v into vCD

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Giving your networks an Edge

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Doing it all(most) without a Distributed Switch

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      2. vCloud Networks

      Introduction

      Usage of different Network types

      Isolated vApp Network

      VMs directly connected to an External Network

      vApp Network connected via vApp router to an External Network

      VMs directly connected to an isolated Organization Network

      vApp connected via a vApp router to an isolated Organization Network

      VMs connected directly to an Edge device

      A vApp connected to an Edge via a vApp router

      IP management

      Some things you will need for all of the recipes for this chapter

      Deploying a vApp with a vApp router

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Forwarding an RDP (or SSH) session into an isolated vApp

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      Creating multiple forwards

      Logging network traffic

      Other ideas

      See also

      Accessing a fully isolated vApp or Organization Network

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      See also

      Using Organization Networks for interconnection between vApps

      Getting ready

      How to do it…

      How it works...

      There's more…

      Using templates with firewall and NAT settings

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Connecting a physical device to an isolated network

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Sharpening the Edge

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Using vApp Network fencing

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Creating multitiered vApp Networks

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Downloading and importing a virtual router into vCloud

      Setting up the networking

      Setting up the web interface

      Configuring the WAN interfaces with the correct network settings

      Configuring the OPT1 interfaces with the correct network settings

      Configuring static routing

      See also

      Ensuring no change in IP after redeployment

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      Ensuring no change occurs in IP after redeployment by setting up the vApp

      Ensuring no change occurs in IP after redeployment by retrofitting an existing vApp

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Automatic IP management for External Network Pools

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Static DNS Pool

      Preallocated DNS pool with a manual IP

      Automated setup

      Linux and Guest Customization

      See also

      Creating load-balanced VMs in an organization

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Load balancer methods

      See also

      Creating a secure connection between organizations (which can be in different vClouds)

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Connecting to other networks in the same organization

      Connection to the outside

      Public IPs

      More VPN possibilities

      Monitoring which network resources have been used where

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      3. Better vApps

      Introduction

      vSphere and vCloud vApps

      Roles and rights

      Proper vApp startup and shutdown

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Important changes in vCloud 5.5

      There's more...

      Power Off

      Templates

      Adding a VM to a vApp

      Getting ready

      How to do it…

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Importing a vApp into vCloud

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      Importing a VM from vSphere

      Importing an OVF/OVA into a catalog

      Import an OVF/OVA into My Cloud

      Importing from Workstation/Fusion

      How it works...

      Important changes in vCloud 5.5

      There's more...

      Aftercare

      Migrating running VMs

      See also

      Exporting a vApp from vCloud

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      Exporting a vApp from a catalog

      Exporting a vApp from My Cloud

      How it works...

      See also

      Creating a sandbox environment

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      Creating an organization for the sandbox

      Creating an OvDC for the sandbox

      Adding networking

      How it works...

      Lease time

      Allocation model

      Networking

      There's more...

      Fair warning

      Using an Edge gateway to give access to the play infrastructure

      Using Guest Customization with pre and post deploy

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Limits

      Old bugs

      Logfiles

      Template Guest Customization

      See also

      Using PowerShell or Perl to perform Guest Customization tasks

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      Using PowerShell or Perl to perform Guest Customization tasks via the VM Properties

      Using PowerShell or Perl to perform Guest Customization tasks via an OS script

      How it works...

      Windows PowerShell wrapper

      Linux Perl wrapper

      There's more...

      See also

      Sharing a vApp

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Joining VMs automatically to domains

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Configuring the organization

      Configuring the VM

      Using vApp maintenance mode

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      4. Datastores and Storage Profiles

      Introduction

      Datastores, profiles, and clusters

      Thin provisioning

      Fast provisioning

      Adding a new storage profile to vCD

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      See also

      Using a specific datastore for templates

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Using storage profiles for storage tiering

      Getting ready

      How to do it…

      How it works...

      See also

      Making operations on NFS datastores faster

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      See also

      Working with vApp templates and their Shadows

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      Reducing the chain length of Linked Clones

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Configuring storage alarms

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Monitoring storage

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      The problems associated with the backup and restore of vCloud

      How it works...

      5. Working with the vCloud API

      Introduction

      Logging in to the System organization

      Gathering prerequisites and information gathering

      Project Onyx

      Using PowerShell with vCloud Director

      Getting ready

      Installing PowerCLI

      A PowerShell editor

      How to do it...

      Connecting vApp

      Gathering information

      Creating vApp

      Powering on vApp

      How it works...

      See also

      Accessing REST with Firefox

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      The first connection

      Gathering information

      Creating a new vApp

      Powering on

      How it works...

      See also

      Accessing vCD via PHP

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      Base PHP skeleton

      Connecting to vCloud

      Gathering information

      Creating a new vApp

      Powering on the vApp

      How it works...

      See also

      Using vCenter Orchestrator to automate vCloud

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      The first connection

      Gathering information

      Creating a new vApp and powering it on

      How it works...

      There's more…

      See also

      A scripted cell shutdown

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      The script

      How it works...

      There's more…

      Adding ISO files to vCD automatically

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      6. Improving the vCloud Design

      Introduction

      Creating a naming standard

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      vSphere naming standard

      vCloud naming standard

      Example of a naming standard notation

      How it works...

      Using service accounts in the vCloud environment

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      Creating a service account in AD

      Creating a service account in SSO

      Assigning a service account in vCenter

      Adding a vCloud service account to vCNS

      How it works...

      AD or SSO?

      Understanding vCloud connections

      There's more...

      See also

      Setting up networks for the vCloud VM

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      Optimal ESXi network setup

      Optimal vCD Cell network setup

      How it works...

      ESXi setup

      vCloud Cell setup

      See also

      Working with vCloud roles

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      Creating a new role

      Assigning a role to a user or a group

      How it works...

      Changes in vCloud 5.5

      There's more...

      Keeping your templates under control

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      Creating the ADMIN Organization

      Storage profile

      Creating an OvDC

      Creating a published catalog

      Creating an Organization Network

      The ADMIN Organization work cycle

      How it works...

      Choosing the right Allocation Model

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      The three little Allocation Models

      Overcommit, reservation, and limit

      vCPU speed

      There's more...

      See also

      Using OvDCs for compute tiering

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      An example

      How it works...

      See also

      Understanding how the different vCloud types impact the design

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Private vCloud

      Public vCloud

      Retrofitting a shared directory into an existing vCD Cell

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Connecting more than one vCloud Cell to the same infrastructure

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Creating multiple vCD Cells for the same vCloud

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      Preparation of the first cell

      Installing the second cell

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Load balancing vCD

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      Preparation

      Configuring the load balancer

      The HTTP interface

      The console interface

      Configuring vCloud for load balancing

      How it works...

      SSL certificates

      Load balancing modes and SSL certificates

      See also

      Working with catalogs in vCloud 5.5

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      Configuring sharing, publishing, and subscribing

      Sharing an existing catalog

      Publishing an existing catalog

      Subscribe to a catalog

      How it works...

      Sharing

      Publishing/subscription

      There's more...

      Synchronizing published/subscribed catalogs

      Media & Other

      Versioning

      7. Operational Challenges

      Loading Windows Sysprep packages in vCloud

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      Downloading and preparing the Sysprep files

      Uploading and integrating the Sysprep files

      How it works...

      See also

      Exchanging SSL certificates

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      Preparation

      Deleting an old certificate

      Creating a certificate request and importing it

      Creating a new self-signed certificate

      Finishing touches

      How it works...

      Self-signed certificates with longer duration

      Exporting and importing self-signed certificates

      See also

      Bypassing SSO login into vCloud

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Backing up vCloud

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      SSO backup

      vCenter backup

      vCNS backup

      vCloud backup

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Recovering the vCloud system

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      Restore vSphere from scratch

      Restore the vSphere environment from DB

      Restore vCNS

      Restore vCloud

      Restore vCloud DB

      Restore one vCloud Cell (in a multicell environment)

      How it works...

      Changing the name of an organization

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Shutting down and starting up the vCloud environment

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      Start-up sequence

      Shut-down sequence

      How it works...

      There's more…

      Using metadata to improve provisioning

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      Creating metadata

      Using metadata

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Using vSphere Host Profiles with vCloud

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Using vCloud with vCenter Auto Deploy

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      Preparing the infrastructure

      Preparing Blade Center

      Creating a base ESXi Host Profile

      Preparing a base image for Auto Deploy

      Testing Deploy

      How it works...

      See also

      Defining a vCloud development cycle

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Making the VM BIOS ID (UUID) unique

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Importing from Lab Manager into vCloud

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      Transferring networks

      Transferring organizations and their resources

      Transferring library or VM template elements

      The rest

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Using branding to make vCloud look different

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      Changes to vCloud

      Changing the company name

      Changing the logo

      Changing the login theme

      Changing the theme

      How it works...

      See also

      Putting an ESXi host into maintenance

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Updating vCloud Cells without interruption

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Updating a vCloud with only one cell

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Updating a vCenter in vCloud

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Updating vCNS

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Updating an Edge

      Updating a vApp Network

      Expanding vCD resources

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      An OvDC storage profile needs more space

      A storage profile needs more space

      An Organization needs more resources

      An OvDC needs more resources

      A PvDC needs more resources

      How it works...

      Resizing a VM hard disk

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      Not fast-provisioned VMs

      Fast-provisioned VMs

      How it works...

      Cloning a running vApp

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      Clone to a catalog

      Deploy a cloned VM from a catalog

      Clone to My Cloud

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Removing infrastructure from vCloud

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      Removing an ESXi Host from vCloud

      Removing a cluster

      Removing a cell from vCloud

      Removing a vCenter from vCloud

      How it works...

      8. Troubleshooting vCloud

      Introduction

      Where to look for help

      Looking for errors in the vCloud GUI

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      Creating an error

      Fail log

      Direct error messages

      Organization of error logs

      System logs

      How it works...

      Filtering the events

      There's more

      Working with vCloud logfiles

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      Working with a vCD cell logfile

      Cell log

      Debug log

      vCNS logs

      How it works...

      Other logfiles

      Important logfile locations

      Cell.log

      Debug log

      Log rotate

      There's more

      Creating and uploading VMware support files

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      Create vCloud support files

      Create vCNS support files

      Upload to VMware

      How it works...

      There's more

      Setting up and using vSphere Syslog Collector

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      Installing VMware Syslog server

      Integrating vCloud into Syslog

      Working with Syslog

      How it works...

      See also

      Troubleshooting vCloud Router traffic

      Getting ready

      How to do it…

      How it works….

      Troubleshooting the Java client

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Recovering from an outage

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      A. Appendix

      Index

      VMware vCloud Director Cookbook

      VMware vCloud Director Cookbook

      Copyright © 2013 Packt Publishing

      All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical articles or reviews.

      Every effort has been made in the preparation of this book to ensure the accuracy of the information presented. However, the information contained in this book is sold without warranty, either express or implied. Neither the author, nor Packt Publishing, and its dealers and distributors will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by this book.

      Packt Publishing has endeavored to provide trademark information about all of the companies and products mentioned in this book by the appropriate use of capitals. However, Packt Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of this information.

      First published: October 2013

      Production Reference: 1171013

      Published by Packt Publishing Ltd.

      Livery Place

      35 Livery Street

      Birmingham B3 2PB, UK.

      ISBN 978-1-78217-766-1

      www.packtpub.com

      Cover Image by Daniel Langenhan (<daniel_langenhan@yahoo.com.au>)

      Credits

      Author

      Daniel Langenhan

      Reviewers

      Cody Bunch

      Thomas Hepper

      Mitesh Soni

      Acquisition Editor

      James Jones

      Lead Technical Editor

      Amey Varangaonkar

      Technical Editors

      Veena Pagare

      Anand Singh

      Copy Editors

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      Kirti Pai

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      Proofreaders

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      Indexer

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      Graphics

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      Production Coordinator

      Prachali Bhiwandkar

      Cover Work

      Prachali Bhiwandkar

      About the Author

      Daniel Langenhan is a client-focused Virtualization Expert with more than 18 years of international industry experience.

      His skills span the breadth of virtualization, ranging from architecture, design, and implementation for large multitier enterprise client systems to delivering captivating education and training sessions in security technologies and practices to diverse audiences.

      In addition to this, he possesses an extensive knowledge and experience in process management, enterprise-level storage, Linux, and Solaris operating systems.

      Utilizing his extensive knowledge, experience, and skills, he has a proven track record of successful integration of virtualization into different business areas, while minimizing cost and maximizing reliability and effectiveness of the solutions for his clients.

      He has gained his experience with major Australian and international vendors and clients. Daniel's consulting company is well established with strong industry ties in many verticals, for example, finance, telecommunications, and print. His consulting business also provided services to VMware International.

      Daniel is the author of Instant VMware vCloud Starter, Packt Publishing and VMware View Security Essentials, Packt Publishing.

      I would like to thank my wife, Renata, for her tireless support and patience in all things. This book would not have been possible without her.

      About the Reviewers

      Cody Bunch is a Private Cloud/Virtualization Architect, VMware vExpert, and VMware VCP from San Antonio, TX. Cody has authored and co-authored several OpenStack and VMware books. Additionally, he has been a Technical Editor on a number of projects. Cody also regularly speaks at industry events and local user groups.

      Cody has also worked on the OpenStack Cloud Computing Cookbook Second Edition, OpenStack Security Guide, Automating VMware vSphere with vCenter Orchestrator, Managing VMware Infrastructure with PowerShell, and VMware VI and VMware vSphere SDK books by Packt Publishing.

      Thomas Hepper has worked for more than 20 years in the area of Computer Hardware and Software. With Silicon Graphics workstations, his long journey started through the Unix world (IRIX/HP-UX/AIX/Solaris/Linux). His first contact with the virtual world and Windows came later. Currently, he is responsible for an environment of approximately 1,300 VMs on approximately 150 physical systems, all running on VMware ESXi.

      Mitesh Soni is a Technical Lead with iGATE's Cloud Services, Research & Innovation group. He is a Sun Certified Java Programmer, Sun Certified Web Component Developer, and VMware Cloud Professional. He has been involved in thought leadership and technology evangelization via papers, seminars, wikis, and creating solutions related to cloud computing. Mitesh has worked on cloud platforms such as Amazon Web Services, VMware vCloud, CloudStack, and CloudBees. He has published papers in national and international conferences. He is a regular author for cloud computing-related articles in the Open Source For You magazine.

      Mitesh is interested in reviewing cloud computing-related books.

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      Preface

      VMware vCloud has evolved to be one of the most exciting technologies in the last few years. It is not only the follow-up product to VMware Lab Manager but it also opens up your vSphere infrastructure for customer-based management. VMware vCloud allows you to manage your vSphere infrastructure and lets you push work from the administrators back onto the customers. This enables customers to self provide and self administer their resources without impacting their security or resource management.

      This book contains the most up-to-date and enterprise-proven concepts to enhance your vCloud productivity. Not only do we discuss vCloud 5.1, but we also talk about the newest release, vCloud 5.5. You will see how to integrate these new features and increase your productivity even more.

      We will present recipes that not only deal with the daily tasks but also present you with new ideas and concepts that you may not have thought of before, as well as give you some great tips and shortcuts.

      What this book covers

      Chapter 1, Setting Up Networks, walks you through the creation of the different networks that exist in vCloud. We will go from External Networks, through VXLANs, and the Cisco 1000v to Edge networks.

      Chapter 2, vCloud Networks, plays with all the vCloud networking, routing, and isolation possibilities. Accessing isolated network, working with vCloud routers, as well as Edge and fencing will be investigated.

      Chapter 3, Better vApps, delves into all that you can do with vApps. We will discuss the import and export of vApps as well as Guest Customization.

      Chapter 4, Datastores and Storage Profiles, focuses on Datastores, storage profiles, and linked clones.

      Chapter 5, Working with the vCloud API, introduces you to working with the vCloud API. We will be using PowerShell, PHP, vCenter Orchestrator as well as the REST API to build VMs.

      Chapter 6, Improving the vCloud Design, will give you a new understanding of how to design a productive and effective vCloud environment.

      Chapter 7, Operational Challenges, introduces you to solutions to combat common and uncommon operational problems. This chapter is a collection of all kinds of useful recipes that will provide you with tips and tricks on how to be more efficient with vCloud Director.

      Chapter 8, Troubleshooting vCloud, focuses on logfiles, error finding, and recovery.

      Appendix, contains a list of all the abbreviations used used in this book.

      What you need for this book

      The book was written using vCloud 5.1 and vCloud 5.5; therefore you need at least:

      VMware vSphere 5.1 environment (or better)

      VMware vCloud Director 5.1 (or better)

      VMware vCloud Network and Security (vCNS) 5.1 (or better)

      You can obtain trial licensing for vCloud from http://www.vmware.com/try-vmware.

      In this book we will also discuss recipes that require the following software:

      Generally used tools:

      Flash 11 (or better)

      Java 7 (or better)

      Firefox or Internet Explorer

      SSH

      SCP/SFTP

      Tools for networks (Chapter 1, Setting Up Networks and Chapter 2, vCloud Networks):

      Cisco 1000v and Cisco NSM

      m0n0Wall

      Tools for API usage (Chapter 5, Working with the vCloud API):

      VMware vCenter Orchestrator 5.1 (vCO) (or better; the appliance is OK too)

      VMware PowerCLI

      PowerGUI

      Firefox with the REST client

      PHP

      Who this book is for

      VMware vCloud Director Cookbook is aimed at system administrators and technical architects moving from a virtualized environment to cloud environments.

      This book assumes some previous knowledge of vCloud that can be obtained by referring to Instant VMware vCloud Starter by

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