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    Museographs: The Old City of Jerusalem a Cultural Crossroad
    Museographs: The Old City of Jerusalem a Cultural Crossroad
    Museographs: The Old City of Jerusalem a Cultural Crossroad
    Ebook70 pages34 minutes

    Museographs: The Old City of Jerusalem a Cultural Crossroad

    By Caron Caswell Lazar

    ()

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    About this ebook

    Just uttering the word Jerusalem results in an automatic change in the state of mind for Jews, Christians and Muslims. Their individual and collective history in this city--a holy place for all three of the great monotheistic faiths--has covered over three thousand years but Jerusalem's history extends two millennia farther in the sands of time.

    The Old City of Jerusalem surveys the City of Peace and her inhabitants from the Canaanite Period through the Ottoman Empire in 1917. You will travel from the Pre-Davidic period with stops during the establishment of the Jewish nation, the conquest of Hellenism, the Hasmoneans, Jerusalem as a Roman outpost, the extravagance of the Byzantine period, the capture of the City during the First Muslim period, the Crusader period and once again to Muslim rule. The monograph includes beautiful color plates picturing objects from the various periods.
    LanguageEnglish
    PublishereBookIt.com
    Release dateFeb 2, 2017
    ISBN9781456607531
    Museographs: The Old City of Jerusalem a Cultural Crossroad

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      Book preview

      Museographs - Caron Caswell Lazar

      Celts

      The Old City of Jerusalem: A Cultural Crossroad

      Note:

      In the United States we use the designations B.C. (Before Christ) and A.D. (Anno Domini or after the Lord) to define the eras between ancient and modern history. In other areas of the world the designations B.C.E. (Before Christian Era) and C.E. (Christian Era) are used.

      Because this monograph deals with a city revered as a holy place by all three of the world’s great monotheistic religions, I have chosen to use the designations B.C.E. and C.E. in keeping with my respect towards all of the world’s cultures and beliefs.

      Pre-Davidic times; the Canaanite Period

      (3000-1200 B.C.E.)

      Bone dolls, Fatamid period 10th-11th centuries, Egypt.

      Collection and copyright: The Israel Museum, Jerusalem.

      As early as 3000 B.C.E. dwellings formed a small settlement of farmers around the spring of Gihon in Canaan on the eastern slope of the Palestine Hills. This settlement did not last long and after it was abandoned, in the middle of the third millennium B.C.E., the area remained unsettled for the next thousand years. Then in the first half of the second millennium B.C.E. the area was again settled, this time as one of a series of walled and fortified towns that stretched along the main trading route to Egypt. This town was probably the stronghold of a much larger community. In fact archaeological surveys reveal that there was an extensive settlement composed of well-planned stone buildings built on natural terraces surrounding the town. The number, size and quality of the houses indicate the presence of a prosperous community of farmers. In the second half of the second millennium both urban and rural settlements declined. The site of Jerusalem continued to exist during this period but its area diminished and the surrounding settlements were abandoned.

      The name Jerusalem first appears four thousand years ago in the 19th century B.C.E. on Egyptian pottery figurines called execration texts. Execration texts were images made to resemble the Egyptian’s enemies. They also took a secondary form of clay tablets with the enemy’s name written on it. During a ceremony the execration texts were cursed and then smashed to show Egyptian superiority over all of their enemies.

      During the 14th century B.C.E. Canaan became a part of the Egyptian empire. Although local city-rulers kept their autonomy, they officially came under the control of Egyptian imperial administration and were in great part dependent on Egyptian support for their continuing in power. During this period Jerusalem is again mentioned in Egyptian documents called the El Amarna letters. These letters were communications sent to and from the royal palace at El Amarna. They describe the prominent standing within the Egyptian empire of Jerusalem and its king. Jerusalem enjoyed a very high standard of living evidenced by the fine examples of Cypriote and Mycenaen pottery vessels found

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