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Melasma, (Chloasma) A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
Melasma, (Chloasma) A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
Melasma, (Chloasma) A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
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Melasma, (Chloasma) A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions

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Melasma is a medical disorder characterized by dark spots on the face.
Melasma are patches of dark skin that occur on parts of the face that are exposed to the sun.
Melasma is a skin condition that can happen at any time in life.
It is simply a type of skin discoloration found on parts of the face exposed to the sun.
Its start is normally linked to pregnancy or hormonal contraceptives usage combined with skin exposure to sunlight
The sunlight also works like a trigger.
The disorder occurs mainly in women but can also involve men.
Studies have shown that people with darker or asian skin tones have a higher possibility of forming the condition.
It has been there for a number of years and can be prevented or treated in many ways.
There are three types of hyper-melanosis.
It could be either:
1. Epidermal (brown),
2. Dermal (blue-grey),
3. A mixture of both (brown-grey).
It is much easier to prevent than treat but treatments have been proven to be very successful in completely removing all the signs of darker skin on and around the face.
1. Sun exposure is also a very strong danger factor.
2. It is frequently linked with the female hormone estrogen and progesterone therefore much more frequent in:
a. Pregnant women,
b. Women taking oral contraceptives
The only symptom of melasma is an alteration in skin color.
This color change can produce distress about the appearance.
The skin color alterations are most frequently an even brown color.
They normally occur on the cheeks, forehead, nose, or upper lip
A closer examination using a device called a Wood's lamp (which uses ultraviolet light) may assist in the diagnosis.
Treatments are:
1. Creams that contain certain substances to correct the appearance of melasma
2. Chemical peels or topical steroid creams
3. Laser treatments to eliminate the dark pigment if melasma is severe
4. Stopping hormone medicines that may be producing the problem
To avoid melasma, women should avoid exposure to the sun without sunscreen during pregnancy or use of hormonal contraceptives.
When melasma develops during pregnancy, it may spontaneously and gradually disappear after delivery
The best treatment of melasma is a triple-combination cream, a composite of hydroquinone 4%, tretinoin 0.05%, and fluocinolone acetonide 0.01% (Tri-Luma).

TABLE OF CONTENT
Introduction
Chapter 1 Melasma
Chapter 2 Causes
Chapter 3 Symptoms
Chapter 4 Diagnosis
Chapter 5 Treatment
Chapter 6 Prognosis
Chapter 7 Freckles
Chapter Hyper-pigmentation of Skin
Epilogue

LanguageEnglish
PublisherKenneth Kee
Release dateNov 1, 2016
ISBN9781370031122
Melasma, (Chloasma) A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
Author

Kenneth Kee

Medical doctor since 1972.Started Kee Clinic in 1974 at 15 Holland Dr #03-102, relocated to 36 Holland Dr #01-10 in 2009.Did my M.Sc (Health Management ) in 1991 and Ph.D (Healthcare Administration) in 1993.Dr Kenneth Kee is still working as a family doctor at the age of 74However he has reduced his consultation hours to 3 hours in the morning and 2 hours inthe afternoon.He first started writing free blogs on medical disorders seen in the clinic in 2007 on http://kennethkee.blogspot.com.His purpose in writing these simple guides was for the health education of his patients which is also his dissertation for his Ph.D (Healthcare Administration). He then wrote an autobiography account of his journey as a medical student to family doctor on his other blog http://afamilydoctorstale.blogspot.comThis autobiography account “A Family Doctor’s Tale” was combined with his early “A Simple Guide to Medical Disorders” into a new Wordpress Blog “A Family Doctor’s Tale” on http://ken-med.com.From which many free articles from the blog was taken and put together into 1000 eBooks.He apologized for typos and spelling mistakes in his earlier books.He will endeavor to improve the writing in futures.Some people have complained that the simple guides are too simple.For their information they are made simple in order to educate the patients.The later books go into more details of medical disorders.He has published 1000 eBooks on various subjects on health, 1 autobiography of his medical journey, another on the autobiography of a Cancer survivor, 2 children stories and one how to study for his nephew and grand-daughter.The purpose of these simple guides is to educate patient on health disorders and not meant as textbooks.He does not do any night duty since 2000 ever since Dr Tan had his second stroke.His clinic is now relocated to the Buona Vista Community Centre.The 2 units of his original clinic are being demolished to make way for a new Shopping Mall.He is now doing some blogging and internet surfing (bulletin boards since the 1980's) startingwith the Apple computer and going to PC.The entire PC is upgraded by himself from XT to the present Pentium duo core.The present Intel i7 CPU is out of reach at the moment because the CPU is still expensive.He is also into DIY changing his own toilet cistern and other electric appliance.His hunger for knowledge has not abated and he is a lifelong learner.The children have all grown up and there are 2 grandchildren who are even more technically advanced than the grandfather where mobile phones are concerned.This book is taken from some of the many articles in his blog (now with 740 posts) A Family Doctor’s Tale.Dr Kee is the author of:"A Family Doctor's Tale""Life Lessons Learned From The Study And Practice Of Medicine""Case Notes From A Family Doctor"

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    Book preview

    Melasma, (Chloasma) A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions - Kenneth Kee

    Melasma,

    (Chloasma)

    A

    Simple

    Guide

    To

    The Condition,

    Diagnosis,

    Treatment

    And

    Related Conditions

    By

    Dr Kenneth Kee

    M.B.,B.S. (Singapore)

    Ph.D (Healthcare Administration)

    Copyright Kenneth Kee 2015 Smashwords Edition

    Published by Kenneth Kee at Smashwords.com

    Dedication

    This book is dedicated

    To my wife Dorothy

    And my children

    Carolyn, Grace

    And Kelvin

    This book describes the Melasma, Diagnosis and Treatment and Related Diseases such as Freckles, Hyper-pigmentation of Skin which is seen in some of my patients in my Family Clinic.

    (What You Need to Treat Melasma)

    This eBook is licensed for the personal enjoyment only. This eBook may not be re-sold or given away to other people. If you would like to share this book with another person, please purchase an additional copy for each reader.

    If you’re reading this book and did not purchase it, or it was not purchased for your use only, then please return to Smashwords.com and purchase your own copy.

    Thank you for respecting the hard work of this author.

    Introduction

    I have been writing medical articles for my blog http://kennethkee.blogspot.com (A Simple Guide to Medical Condition) for the benefit of my patients since 2007.

    My purpose in writing these simple guides was for the health education of my patients.

    Health Education was also my dissertation for my Ph.D (Healthcare Administration).

    I then wrote an autobiolographical account of his journey as a medical student to family doctor on his other blog http://afamilydoctorstale.blogspot.com.

    This autobiolographical account A Family Doctor’s Tale was combined with my early A Simple Guide to Medical Conditions into a new Wordpress Blog A Family Doctor’s Tale on http://ken-med.com.

    From which many free articles from the blog was taken and put together into 700 amazon kindle books and some into Smashwords.com eBooks.

    Some people have complained that the simple guides are too simple.

    For their information they are made simple in order to educate the patients.

    The later books go into more details of medical conditions.

    The first chapter is always from my earlier blogs which unfortunately tends to have typos and spelling mistakes.

    Since 2013, I have tried to improve my spelling and writing.

    As I tried to bring you the latest information about a condition or illness by reading the latest journals both online and offline, I find that I am learning more and improving on my own medical knowledge in diagnosis and treatment for my patients.

    Just by writing all these simple guides I find that I have learned a lot from your reviews (good or bad), criticism and advice.

    I am sorry for the repetitions in these simple guides as the second chapters onwards have new information as compared to my first chapter taken from my blog.

    I also find repetition definitely help me and maybe some readers to remember the facts in the books more easily.

    I apologize if these repetitions are irritating to some readers.

    Chapter 1

    Melasma

    I had a clinic assistant who had 2 pregnancies 25 years ago.

    With each pregnancy she develops large patches of melasma all over her face.

    She had tried bleaching agents, de-pigmentation products, chemical peels, cosmetic products without any success.

    In fact the pigmentation becomes worse.

    She finally resorted to skin specialist at the National skin Center to have her pigments removed by laser treatment.

    After hearing the horror stories of some patients having bleeding followed by scarring of the face, she changed her mind and did not try the laser treatment.

    To this day her face is still full of melasma but she had grown used to it.

    What is Melasma?

    Melasma is a medical disorder characterized by dark spots on the face.

    Melasma are patches of dark skin that occur on parts of the face that are exposed to the sun.

    Melasma is a skin condition that can happen at any time in life.

    It is simply a type of skin discoloration found on parts of the face exposed to the sun.

    Its start is normally linked to pregnancy or hormonal contraceptives

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