The Holocaust: Racism and Genocide in World War II
By Carla Mooney and Tom Casteel
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About this ebook
What would your life be like if you were a Jewish person living in Nazi Germany in 1940?
You might be forced to leave your home with only what you and your family could carry. You might even be killed by members of the Nazi party.
The Holocaust is a grim period in human history. More than 11 million people, including 6 million Jewish people, died at the hands of the Nazis. In The Holocaust: Racism and Genocide in World War II, readers ages 12 to 15 learn about the long history of anti-Semitism, the rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi party, the increasing persecution of Jewish people and other populations, and the events of “The Final Solution,” the attempt to exterminate an entire race of people through industrialized death camps.
Projects such as writing letters in the voices of teenagers of different races who lived in the 1930s help infuse the content with realism and the eternal capacity for hope. In-depth investigations of primary sources from the period allow readers to engage in further, independent study of the times. Additional materials include links to online primary sources, a glossary, a list of current reference works, and Internet resources.
Nomad Press books in the Inquire & Investigate series integrate content with participation, encouraging older readers to engage in student-directed learning as opposed to teacher-guided instruction. This student-centered approach provides readers with the tools they need to become inquiry-based learners. Common Core State Standards, the Next Generation Science Standards, and STEM Education all place project-based learning as key building blocks in education. Combining content with inquiry-based projects stimulates learning and makes it active and alive. Consistent with our other series, all of the activities in the books in the Inquire & Investigate series are hands-on, challenging readers to develop and test their own hypotheses, ask their own questions, and formulate their own solutions. In the process, readers learn how to analyze, evaluate, and present the data they collect. As informational texts our books provide key ideas and details from which readers can work out their own inferences. Nomad’s unique approach simultaneously grounds kids in factual knowledge while allowing them the space to be curious, creative, and critical thinkers. Soon they’ll be thinking like scientists by questioning things around them and considering new approaches.
Carla Mooney
Carla Mooney has written more than 70 books for children and young adults. She is an award-winning author of several books for Nomad Press, including The Chemistry of Food, The Physics of Fun, The Human Body and The Human Genome: Mapping the Blueprint of Human Life, and Globalization: Why We Care about Faraway Events. She lives in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
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The Holocaust - Carla Mooney
Nomad Press
A division of Nomad Communications
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Timeline
Introduction
What Was the Holocaust?
Chapter 1
The Jewish People and Anti-Semitism
Chapter 2
The Rise of the Nazi Party
Chapter 3
Persecution and World War II
Chapter 4
The Final Solution: Extermination
Chapter 5
War’s End
Chapter 6
How Could the Holocaust Happen?
Chapter 7
Rescue and Resistance
Chapter 8
The Legacy of the Holocaust
Index
TIMELINE
What Was the Holocaust?
Why is it important to study the Holocaust?
There are many reasons people study the Holocaust, including learning more about ourselves as a people and developing ways to prevent genocide from happening again.
The Holocaust is a grim moment in human history that evolved slowly, from 1933 to 1945. It began with discrimination and ended in mass murder. The Holocaust was the systematic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of Jews by the Nazi regime.
More than 6 million Jewish people were killed in the pogroms and concentration camps of Germany. This was nearly two out of every three Jews living in Europe at the time.
Countless more people, including the mentally ill, disabled, and a group called the Romani, also suffered at the hands of the Nazi Party.
The Nazis believed that Germans were racially superior and they were determined to destroy those who threatened their so-called pure
race. They also murdered political opponents, homosexuals, and prisoners of war. Between 2 and 3 million prisoners of war from the Soviet Union were killed or died of starvation, disease, or neglect at the hands of their Nazi captors.
Although the Holocaust ended in 1945, its lasting effects are still felt around the world today. The Holocaust was not an accident in history—it occurred because individuals, organizations, and governments made choices. These choices legalized discrimination and allowed prejudice, hatred, and ultimately mass murder.
The study of the Holocaust has different meanings for different individuals, but it is imperative that everyone has a deep awareness and appreciation of this tumultuous time in history. It teaches us critical lessons in morality, human behavior, and what it means to be responsible citizens. The Holocaust serves to remind us that democratic institutions and values are not automatically sustained, but need to be appreciated, nurtured, and protected.
PRIMARY SOURCES
Primary sources come from people who were eyewitnesses to events. They might write about the event, take pictures, post short messages to social media or blogs, or record the event for radio or video. Why are primary sources important? Do you learn differently from primary sources than from secondary sources, which come from people who did not directly experience the event?
At least five men turned down the ambassador post in Germany before William E. Dodd accepted the position.
ONE PERSON’S PERSPECTIVE
We can see how the rise of Nazi Germany was perceived by people around the world when we look at the experiences of one man—William E. Dodd. On July 5, 1933, Dodd, along with his wife, Martha, and his son and daughter, boarded the Washington, a ship sailing from the United States to Hamburg, Germany. Dodd was to become the next American ambassador to Germany.
A professor at the University of Chicago and a leading historian of the American South, Dodd was an unlikely choice for the job. However, President Franklin D. Roosevelt believed that Dodd was suited for the job. He wanted Dodd to be a standing example of democracy in Germany during a time when whispers circulated about the Nazi persecution of Jews and the country’s increasing suspension of democracy.
When the Dodds sailed for Germany, a man named Adolf Hitler had been Germany’s chancellor for six months. Newspapers in America and around the world reported stories about Hitler’s rise and the German government’s increasingly hostile attitude and brutal treatment of Jews, communists, and other opponents. Many people believed that the reports of Germany’s transformation from a modern democracy into a brutal dictatorship were exaggerated.
When Dodd first arrived in Berlin, he, too, thought that the warnings