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    A Study Guide for Psychologists and Their Theories for Students: ABRAHAM MASLOW
    A Study Guide for Psychologists and Their Theories for Students: ABRAHAM MASLOW
    A Study Guide for Psychologists and Their Theories for Students: ABRAHAM MASLOW
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    A Study Guide for Psychologists and Their Theories for Students: ABRAHAM MASLOW

    By Gale and Cengage

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    About this ebook

    Perfect for research assignments in psychology, science, and history, this concise study guide is a one-stop source for in-depth coverage of major psychological theories and the people who developed them. Consistently formatted entries typically cover the following: biographical sketch and personal data, theory outline, analysis of psychologist's place in history, summary of critical response to the theory, the theory in action, and more.
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherCengage Learning - Gale
    Release dateJan 27, 2015
    ISBN9781535831482
    A Study Guide for Psychologists and Their Theories for Students: ABRAHAM MASLOW

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      A Study Guide for Psychologists and Their Theories for Students - Gale

      arena.

      BIOGRAPHY

      Abraham Maslow was born in 1908, the oldest of seven children. His father, Samuel Maslow, had immigrated to the United States from Russia and eventually settled in New York City, where he went to work repairing barrels. The family lived in Brooklyn during Abe's childhood, in working-class neighborhoods that were predominantly Jewish.

      In later years Maslow would describe his childhood as rather unhappy. His parents' marriage was not a good one, and they divorced when Abe was a young adult. He was not close with his father, who spent relatively little time at home when Abe was a child. Abe's relationship with his mother was even worse. He later described her as selfish, ignorant, and hostile. Though he and his father grew closer in later years, he never reconciled with his mother and saw very little of her after he left home.

      From an early age, Abe showed an aptitude for learning. He learned to read when he was five years old, and from then on he read constantly. Abe did well in school, and his academic achievement was a source of pride for his family. Although neither of his parents was school-educated, they placed a great deal of value on education, and they encouraged Abe to pursue his studies as a means toward a better life. Nonetheless, Abe's shyness and bookish interests made him feel different and separate from many of his peers.

      Abe attended Boys High School in Brooklyn, a highly regarded school that served many of the working-class Jewish families in the area. Abe found the academically oriented atmosphere to be supportive and stimulating. Although he did not excel academically, he became involved in a number of clubs and activities. His social life was also helped by his relationship with his cousin, Will Maslow, who was more outgoing and athletically inclined than Abe. Abe and Will became close friends, and Will encouraged Abe to participate in sports and social activities.

      When he was about 14 years old, Abe met his first cousin, Bertha Goodman, who had recently arrived from Russia. He was immediately attracted to her, and offered to help her learn English. Throughout his adolescence, Bertha was the only girl that he was comfortable talking to. They began dating and eventually talked about marriage.

      Although he was sure he wanted to pursue some sort of academic career, Abe had trouble settling into a degree program once he entered college. He took courses at City College of New York and (for one semester) at Cornell University, but did not settle into a course of study. To please his father, he also briefly studied law at Brooklyn Law School, but left after only two months.

      Maslow later credited a book he read for a philosophy course as one of the influences that led him to a career in psychology. The book, Folkways, by William Graham Sumner, proposed the idea that scientists and thinkers are the only ones who can lift society out of superstition and ignorance. Maslow was struck by this idea and decided to dedicate himself to scientific pursuits that would improve the lot of mankind.

      Maslow eventually decided to transfer to the University of Wisconsin to finish his degree. He was attracted by the school's reputation for innovation and its liberal atmosphere. He initially planned to study philosophy, but again, his reading led him in another direction. At the suggestion of one of his former philosophy professors, he read an essay by John B. Watson, the founder of American behaviorism. Watson's vision of transforming the world using principles of behaviorism was appealing to Maslow, and he decided to become a psychologist.

      PRINCIPAL PUBLICATIONS

      Dominance-feeling, behavior and status. Psychological Review 44 (1937): 404–29.

      Principles of Abnormal Psychology: The Dynamics of Psychic Illness (with B. Mittelmann). New York: Harper and Brothers, 1941.

      A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review 50 (1943): 370–96.

      Problem-centering vs. means-centering in science. Philosophy of Science 13 (1946): 326–31.

      Self-actualizing people: A study of psychological health. Personality Symposia: Symposium #1 on Values (1950): 11–34.

      The S-I Test (A measure of psychological security-insecurity. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press,

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