The Water Cycle!: With 25 Science Projects for Kids
By Anita Yasuda and Tom Casteel
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About this ebook
Green Teacher Magazine
“The best thing about Anita Yasuda’s Explore Water! are the hands-on ideas for teachers and students.”
Anita Yasuda
Anita Yasuda is the author of more than one hundred books for children. She lives with her family and her dog in Huntington Beach, California.
Read more from Anita Yasuda
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The Water Cycle! - Anita Yasuda
Titles in the Explore Earth Science Set
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CONTENTS
Glossary*Metric Conversions*Resources
Essential Questions*Index
Interested in primary sources? Look for this icon. Use a smartphone or tablet app to scan the QR code and explore more! Photos are also primary sources because a photograph takes a picture at the moment something happens.
FORMS OF WATER
SNOW
The world’s largest snowflake was 15 inches across and 8 inches thick! It was spotted in Montana on January 28, 1887.
GROUNDWATER
About 25 percent of all rainfall in the United States becomes groundwater.
OCEANS
The largest ocean on Earth is the Pacific Ocean. It covers about 30 percent of the earth’s surface!
CLOUDS
A cloud might look fluffy and weightless, but even fair-weather clouds can weigh a million pounds.
RIVERS
Small rivers can have different names—creek, stream, brook, spring, crick, and more.
GLACIERS
About 69 percent of the world’s fresh water can be found frozen in glaciers. We need to conserve water so there’s plenty for everyone!
INTRODUCTION
LET’S EXPLORE WATER
Can you guess what I am? I have been here since Earth was first created. I splash and spill. I drip and drop. You cook with me, play in me, and drink me. I can run through your fingers, be hard as a rock, and become invisible. I flow through your body and history. I guide explorers and helped the first settlers to power their mills. Can you guess what I am? Water!
Water is amazing. One-quarter of all species live in the water. There would be no people in the past, present, or future without water. But we often take water for granted. And that’s a mistake! We are very lucky to have water.
As far as we know, Earth is the only planet with liquid water on its surface. Let’s see why water is so important.
WORDS TO KNOW
species: a group of plants or animals that are closely related and produce offspring.
WORDS TO KNOW
water vapor: water in the form of a gas, such as steam or mist.
erosion: the wearing down of the earth’s surface, usually by water, wind, or ice.
landform: a physical feature of the earth’s surface, such as a mountain or a valley.
waterway: a channel of water, such as a stream or river.
glacier: a huge mass of ice and snow.
conservation: managing and protecting natural resources.
WATER IN THE BEGINNING
Imagine traveling through time to the beginning of the earth. Hop on our tour bus, leaving now for the very distant past! Take a look around. This is the earth more than 4 billion years ago. Of course, it looks very different from today.
Earth begins as a hot swirling mass of gas, rock, and dust. Later, these parts come together to form a huge glowing ball. Inside is water. As the earth’s center heats up, water vapor rises to the surface. Get out your umbrellas! As the earth starts to cool, that water vapor turns into liquid—it’s raining! For millions of years, it rains. Meanwhile, huge landmasses smash together like bumper cars and then split apart. The falling rain collects in the empty, low-lying areas. This is how oceans begin.
As the earth cools and warms, water freezes, thaws, and carves the surface. This is erosion. Eventually, the earth’s land and water formations will begin to look familiar to you.
Do you think the earth’s physical features are the same now as when you were born? They are not. Landforms and waterways, including the oceans, constantly change.
DID YOU KNOW?
The amount of water on Earth will remain the same forever. But water can spend a lot of time trapped in various places, such as in a glacier. That’s why