Getting started with php & mysql: Professional training
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About this ebook
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Rémy Lentzner has been an IT trainer since 1985. Specialized in mastering office automation tools, he supports companies in the professional training of their employees. Self-taught, he has twenty computer books to his credit.
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Getting started with php & mysql - Rémy Lentzner
Chapter 1
Fundamentals
The term PHP stands for Hypertext PreProcessor. It is an open source scripting language designed for web applications development. It was created in the 1990s and versions have evolved. At the time of writing this book, the latest version is 7.4.2. PHP is a server-side web language used to write programs stored on a server in order to handle data sent from a web page.
When creating Internet application, you use HTML tags and CSS styles for designing the pages. If you need to control user actions, you will use JavaScript. However, when you send the content from a form to a web server, you will use PHP for catching data. We say HTML/CSS/JavaScript are client-side languages, PHP is a server-side one.
Generally speaking, when you want to view a page from a website, you type an address http:// in the dedicated area within the browser. You can always see the HTML code used to create that page because it is the background. On the contrary, you will never see the PHP code that sends you back information from the server. To this end, you'll need server-side access and authorization.
PHP is often linked to a relational database manager called MySQL. It allows you to handle very large amounts of information. For example, suppose a person who fills journey informations in a form and sends them to a server and to a MySQL database. The PHP code that will receive this data will have to perform several operations : opening the database, finding the person in a table, storing information, sending back new data to the user's browser.
With PHP, you can handle all the database objects by using the free PHPMyAdmin tool.
1.1 Where to find information about PHP ?
Here are some information sites that can help you.
The w3schools site : https://www.w3schools.com/PHP/DEFAULT.asp
Figure 1.1 : The w3schools website
This site helps you to test PHP instructions.
The PHP manual site : https://www.php.net/docs.php
Figure 1.2 : The php.net manual
The wikipedia site : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PHP
Figure 1.3 : The PHP wikipedia
Many other sites have information about PHP. Do not hesitate to browse them.
1.2 Simulating a local server on your computer
To test your PHP programs, you need a server environment that allows you to store files. My professional website http://www.remylent.fr is stored on a server that I rent on a yearly basis. I can store HTML pages or PHP programs, using a simple FTP (File Transfer Protocol) application. Thanks to FTP, I can view, edit, delete, transfer any file from the server to my computer and vice versa.
If you don't have a server to test your PHP program, you can simulate a local one, on your computer (for free) using the following software :
https://www.wampserver.com/en/download-wampserver-64bits/ if you work with Windows.
Figure 1.4 : Simulate a server to work with PHP with Windows.
http://www.mamp.info if you work with Mac Os.
Figure 1.5 : Simulating a server to work with PHP with Mac Os.
http://www.apachefriends.org if you work with Linux.
Figure 1.6 : Simulating a server to work with PHP with Linux.
Note that you can also use XAMPP with Windows or MacOs. Feel free to try them and choose the one that suits you best. To write the examples in this book, I use a Mac and the local server MAMP. The remote server from my Internet provider is Linux Apache.
1.3 The text editor and the local server
A server is always required to work with PHP. Once chosen, you need a text editor to write the code. You should select an application that checks grammar and spelling when typing