OSPF 1987 1991 V2 RFC 1247 1998 CURRENT RFC 2328 1999 V3 FOR IPV6 OSPF MESSAGE -DATA

LINK FRAME HEADER -IP PACKET -OSPF PACKET HEADER -OSPF PACKET TYPES DATA LINK FRAME HEADER MAC DESTINATION ADD: MULTICAST 01-00-58-00-00-05 OR -06 MAC SOURCE ADDRESS IP PACKET IP SOURCE IP DESTINATION = MULTICAST: 224.0.0.5 / 224.0.0.6 PROTOCOL FIELD = 89 FOR OSPF OSPF PACKET HEADER TYPE CODE FOR OSPF PACKET TYPE ROUTER ID AND AREA ID OSPF 0X01 0X02 0X03 0X04 0X05 PACKET TYPES HELLO DATABASE DESCRIPTION LINK STATE REQUEST LINK STATE UPATE LINK STATE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

HELLO PACKETS ARE USED TO DISCOVER NEIGHBORS AND ESTABLISH ADJACENCIES ADVERTISE PARAMETERS THAT NEIGHBORING ROUTERS MUST AGREE ELECT DR AND BDR ON MULTIACCESS NETWORKS AND FRAME RELAY. NEIGHBOR ESTABLISHMENT MUST AGREE: HELLO INTERVAL, DEAD INTERVAL AND NETWORK TYPE HELLO PACKETS ARE SENT TO 224.0.0.5 DEAD INTERVAL MULTIACCESS AND P2P = 40S NBMA = 120S ELECTING DR AND BDR TO REDUCE OSPF TRAFFIC ON MULTIACCESS NETWORKS. NO DR/BDR ON P2P NETWORK OSPF USES DIJKSTRA'S SPF ALGORITHM TO CREATE SPF TREE. DATABASE > SPF TREE > ROUTING TABLE OSPF DEFAULT AD = 110 OSPF COMMAND ROUTER OSPF 1 (1-65535, PROCESS ID, NO NEED TO MATCH WITH OTHER ROUTER) NETWORK 172.16.1.16 0.0.0.15 AREA 0

DETERMINING ROUTER ID 1.ROUTER-ID COMMAND 2.HIGHEST IP ADDRESS OF LOOPBACK 3.HIGHEST ACTIVE IP ADDRESS #SHOW IP PROTOCOLS #SHOW IP OSPF #SHOW IP OSPF INTERFACE OSPF ROUTER-ID COMMAND INTRODUCED IN IOS 12.0(T) #ROUTER OSPF 1 #ROUTER-ID IP-ADDRESS #CLEAR IP OSPF PROCESS VERIFY OSPF #SHOW IP OSPF NEIGHBOR DISPLAYS: NEIGHBOR ID PRI STATE: FULL DEAD TIME ADDRESS INTERFACE ON MULTIACCESS, 2 ROUTERS STATE MAY No adjacency if subnet mask no match Hello or Dead timer no match Network type no matck SHOW IP OSPF PROCESS ID AND ROUTER ID AREA INFO SHOW IP OSPF INTERFACE CHECK HELLO AND DEAD INTERVAL VIEW COST OF INTERFACE TO PROVENT FLAPPING LINK SPF SCHEDULE DELAY OF 5 SECONDS ADDITIONAL HOLD TIME OF 10 SECONDS DIFFERENCE ON OSPF ROUTING TABLE LOOPBACK INTERFACE AS DIRECTLY NETWORK NO AUTO SUMMARY OSPF METRIC = COST 10 TO 8TH POWER DEVIDED BY BANDWIDTH IN BPS TO CHANGE REFERENCE BANDWIDTH #AUTO-COST REFERENCE-BANDWIDTH OSPF COST VALUES FAST ETERNET 1 ETHERNET 10 E1 48 T1 64

128 KBPS 64 KBPS 56 KBPS

781 1562 1785

CHANGE COST #BANDWIDTH 64 (WILL CHANGE COST TO 1562) OR #IP OSPF COST 1562 (FOR NON-CISC-ONLY ENVIRONMENT) MULTIACCESS: ETHERNET LANS P2P NETWORK: WAN OSPF NETWORK TYPES P2P BROADCAST MULTIACCESS NONBROADCAST MULTIACCESS (NBMA) POINT-TO-MULTIPOINT VIRTUAL LINKS CHALLENGES OF MULTIACCESS NETWORKS MULTIPLE ADJACENCIES EXTENSIVE FLOODING OF LSAS ADJACENCIES CALCULATION ROUTERS = N ADJANCENCIES = N(N-1)/2 DR, BDR, DROTHERS DROTHERS SEND LSAS TO DR AND BDR USING 224.0.0.6 DR FORWARD LSAS TO DROTHERS USING 224.0.0.5 CRITERIA TO ELECT DR AND BDR DR-HIGHEST OSPF INTERFACE PRIORITY BDR-SECOND HIGHEST OSPF INTERFACE PRIORITY IS PRIORITIES ARE EQUAL, DR IS HIGHEST ROUTER ID