Various Methods for Integration

Symbolic
x

f( x ) := 2 e sin( x ) If ( a) := f( x ) dx exp( a) cos( a) + exp( a) sin( a) + 1

0 a

If ( 1 ) = 1.8186613473

Numeric a := 1 f( x ) dx = 1.8186613473
0 a

When MathCAD can find the integral symbolically, the result is evaluated exactly; otherwise, MathCAD uses Romberg integration or other numerical techniques where appropriate

Trapezoid rule: n := 100 h :=

n 1

a n

i := 0 .. n

x := i h
i

h 2

f x

( 0)

+ 2

( i) ( n)
fx +fx
i= 1

= 1.8187072815

n := 10000

h :=

a n

i := 0 .. n

x := i h
i

n 1 f x + 2 ( ) f( x ) + f( x ) = 1.8186613519 i n 2 0 i= 1

An example where MathCAD cannot integrate symbolically:

2

f( x ) :=

1x

2x
a 1

a If ( a) := f( x ) dx 0

1 x2 dx 2x

cannot be integrated symbolically

a := 1 f( x ) dx = 0.6328378691
0 a

MathCAD numeric integration

Trapezoid rule: n := 100 h 2 ( 0) f x h :=

n 1

a n

i := 0 .. n

x := i h
i

+ 2

( i) ( n)
fx +fx
i= 1

= 0.6325418245

n := 10000 h 2 ( 0) f x

h :=
n 1

a n

i := 0 .. n

x := i h
i

+ 2

( i) ( n)
fx +fx
i= 1

= 0.6328367282