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810447 ZZZFUHDWLYHPHFKVLQ
18
Exper|ment No. 5

&(175,)8*$/3803
A|m:

Ic finc Ihe cverc|| efficiency cf c CenIrifugc| Fump & p|cI Ihe fc||cwing chcrccIeri:Iic:.
c. Hycrcu|ic Efficiency {h) V: Di:chcrge
L. Cverc|| Efficiency {c) V: Di:chcrge

Apporotus:

1. / McIcr cirecI|y ccup|ec Ic c Mu|Ii-SIcge CenIrifugc| Fump.
2. / Sump Icnk fcr ccnIinucu: :upp|y cf wcIer.
3. / Mec:uring Icnk Ic ceIermine F|cw FcIe.
4. Energy MeIer Ic mec:ure Ihe inpuI pcwer Ic Ihe pump.
5. Fre::ure & Vccuum gcuge: Ic mec:ure Ihe Di:chcrge & SucIicn pre::ure:.
. Mec:uring Icnk Ic ceIermine f|cw rcIe.
7. SIcp wcIch Ic mec:ure Iime.

Iheory:

ln generc|, c pump mcy Le cefinec c: c Mechcnicc| Device which, when inIerpc:ec in c
pipe |ine, ccnverI: Ihe Mechcnicc| Energy :upp|iec Ic iI frcm :cme ExIernc| Scurce inIc Hycrcu|ic
Energy, Ihu: re:u|Iing in Ihe f|cw cf |iuic frcm Lcwer FcIenIic| Ic Higher FcIenIic|.

Ihe Fump: cre cf mcjcr ccncern Ic mc:I Engineer: & Iechnicicn:. Ihe Iype: cf Fump vcry in
Frincip|e & De:ign. Ihe :e|ecIicn cf Ihe pump fcr cny pcrIicu|cr cpp|iccIicn i: Ic Le ccne Ly
Uncer:Icncing Iheir ChcrccIeri:Iic:. Ihe mc:I ccmmcn|y u:ec Fump fcr Dcme:Iic, /gricu|Iurc| &
lncu:Iric| Furpc:e: cre : CenIrifugc| Fump:, FeciprcccIing/Fi:Icn Fump:, /xic| F|cw {SIcge Fump:), /ir
JeI, Dicphrcgm & IurLine Fump:. Ihe:e Fump: fc|| inIc c|c::e: cf FcIccyncmic, FeciprcccIing
{Fc:iIive Di:p|ccemenI), F|uic {/ir) CpercIec Fump:.

ln CenIrifugc| Fump Ihe |iuic i: mcce Ic rcIcIe in c C|c:ec ChcmLer {Vc|uIe Cc:ing), Ihu:
re:u|Iing in Ihe CcnIinucu: F|cw. Ihe:e Fump: ccmpcrec Ic FeciprcccIing Fump: cre Simp|e in
Ccn:IrucIicn, mcre :uiIcL|e fcr hcnc|ing Vi:ccu:, IurLic {muccy) Liuic:. 8uI, Iheir Hycrcu|ic Hecc:
per :Icge cI |cw f|cw rcIe: i: |imiIec, & hence ncI :uiIcL|e fcr very high hecc: ccmpcrec Ic
FeciprcccIing Fump: cf :cme CcpcciIy. 8uI, :Ii|| in mc:I cc:e:, Ihi: i: Ihe cn|y Iype cf Fump which i:
Leing wice|y u:ec fcr /gricu|Iurc| Furpc:e:.


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810447 ZZZFUHDWLYHPHFKVLQ
1
Observot|on Iob|e:

S
No
D|schorge Fressure
Heod 'Fd' [kgJcm
2
}
Suct|on Vocuum
'Fs'
[|n mm o| Hg}
I|me token |or 50 ||t
[10cm o| tonk}
woter D|schorge, t
[sec}
I|me token |or 1
rev. o| Energy
meter te [sec}.











Co|cu|ot|ons:

1. D|schorge heod
10 F h
c c
u m cf wcIer
2. Suct|on Heod:

13. F
h
:
:
m cf wcIer
3. Ioto| Heod:
hI = hc + h: + 2m cf wcIer
4. D|schorge:
I
x /
C
Icnk
c

m
3
/:
5. Woter power [or Output Fower}

1000
.C.h
WF
I

kW
Where,
Z - Specific WeighI cf wcIer = 810 N/m
3
.
C - Di:chcrge {m
3
/:ec).
hI - IcIc| hecc {m)
. E|ectr|co| Input
LeI Iime reuirec fcr 10 rev. cf energy meIer ci:c Le Ie-Sec.
E|ecIricc| lnpuI Fcwer, lF

e C
I
300
E
n
lF
kW
Icking mcIcr efficiency c: 757 we hcve Input Sho|t Fower,
SF = lF x 0.75
7. Hydrou||c E|||c|ency
100
SF
WF
h

7
8. Overo|| e|||c|ency

100
lF
WF
c

7

kesu|t Iob|e

S
No
ht Q WF IF
c

SF
h

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

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810447 ZZZFUHDWLYHPHFKVLQ
20
Frocedure:

1. Cpen Ihe ci:chcrge vc|ve fu||y & :IcrI Ihe Fump.
2. NcIe ccwn Ihe ci:chcrge hecc {Ly pre::ure gcuge cn ci:chcrge pipe) & :ucIicn vccuum.
3. Mec:ure Ihe Iime Icken fcr c ccnvenienI heighI cf wcIer cc||ecIicn in Ihe cc||ecIicn Icnk.
4. NcIe Ihe Vc|Icge & CurrenI Feccing: cn Fegu|cIcr.
5. FepecI Ihe prccecure Ly fcr cifferenI Di:chcrge:.

Note: Whi|e mec:uring Ihe reccing: Ihe reference pcinI {WcIer |eve| cr Fre::ure Gcuge neec|e),
ccnIinucu: viLrcIicn: mcy cccur cue Ic vc|Icge chcnge:, vc|ve: eIc. in :uch cc:e:, cvercge reccing:
mcy Le Icken.)

Frecout|ons:

1. Friming i: mu:I Lefcre :IcrIing Ihe pump. Fump :hcu|c never Le run empIy.
2. Fump :hcu|c ncI Le :IcrIec if Ihe vc|Icge i: |e:: Ihcn 180 V.
3. Ihe |cwer enc cf SucIicn Fipe mu:I c|wcy: Le :uLmergec uncer wcIer in Ihe Sump Icnk.
4. E|ecIricc| neuIrc| & EcrIh ccnnecIicn: :hcu|c Le checkec ccrrecI|y.
5. FreuenI {cI |ec:I cnce in Ihree mcnIh:) grec:ing / ci|ing cf rcIcIing pcrI: i: nece::cry.
. Ihe mcchine: :hcu|c Le cpercIec cI |ec:I :cme Iime every week Ic cvcic c|cgging.
7. Leckcge: in Ihe Fiping & Nczz|e Hcu:ing :hcu|c Le checkec regu|cr|y.

Grophs:
Mcin chcrccIeri:Iic: - F|cI Ihe fc||cwing Grcph:
c. Di:chcrge v: Cverc|| Efficiency
L. Di:chcrge v: Hycrcu|ic Efficiency

kesu|t JConc|us|on:

Ihe cverc|| efficiency fcr cifferenI :peec: were cc|cu|cIec & grcph: p|cIIec.

App||cot|ons:

Ihe mc:I ccmmcn|y u:ec pump: fcr ccme:Iic, cgricu|Iurc| & incu:Iric| purpc:e: cre:
CenIrifugc| pump:. Ihe:e pump: fc|| inIc Ihe mcin c|c::, ncme|y, FcIccyncmic pump:.

V|vo:

1. WhcI i: mecnI Ly c FcIc-cyncmic mcchine
2. WhcI i: mecnI Ly priming cf c pump
3. WhcI energy i: ccnverIec in c pump
4. WhcI Iype: cf f|uic: cre pumpec Ly cenIrifugc| pump:
5. WhcI cre Ihe pumping chcrccIeri:Iic: cf c cenIrifugc| pump
. WhcI i: mecnI Ly efficiency cf c pump
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810447 ZZZFUHDWLYHPHFKVLQ
22
ExperimenI Nc:

3(5)250$1&(7(672108/7,67$*(&(175,)8*$/3803

A|m:

Ic finc Ihe cverc|| efficiency cf c CenIrifugc| Fump & p|cI Ihe fc||cwing chcrccIeri:Iic:.
c. Hycrcu|ic Efficiency {h) V: Di:chcrge
L. Cverc|| Efficiency {c) V: Di:chcrge

Apporotus:

1. / McIcr cirecI|y ccup|ec Ic c Mu|Ii-SIcge CenIrifugc| Fump.
2. / Sump Icnk fcr ccnIinucu: :upp|y cf wcIer.
3. / Mec:uring Icnk Ic ceIermine F|cw FcIe.
4. Energy MeIer Ic mec:ure Ihe inpuI pcwer Ic Ihe pump.
5. Fre::ure & Vccuum gcuge: Ic mec:ure Ihe Di:chcrge & SucIicn pre::ure:.
. Mec:uring Icnk Ic ceIermine f|cw rcIe.
7. SIcp wcIch Ic mec:ure Iime.

Introduct|on:

CenIrifugc| pump: cre Lc:icc||y FcIc-Dyncmic Fump:, which ceve|cp Dyncmic Fre::ure: fcr
Liuic:. ln CenIrifugc| pump:, |iuic in lmpe||er i: mcce Ic rcIcIe Ly exIernc| fcrce, :c IhcI iI i: Ihrcwn
cwcy frcm Ihe CenIer cf FcIcIicn. /: ccn:IcnI :upp|y cf f|uic i: neecec cI Ihe cenIer cf rcIcIicn, iI:
:upp|y ccn Le Icken frcm higher |eve|.

Ncrmc||y, hecc prccucec Ly c :ing|e impe||er cepenc: upcn Ihe peripherc| :peec cf Ihe
impe||er. ln crcer Ic prccuce higher hecc:, eiIher rcIcIicnc| :peec cr cicmeIer cf Ihe impe||er hc: Ic
Le increc:ec, which increc:e: :Ire::e: in Ihe mcIeric| cf impe||er:. Hence, Iwc pump: in :erie: ccn Le
u:ec Ic prccuce higher hecc:. Ncw, Ihi: meIhcc i: rep|ccec Ly mu|Ii:Icge pump:. ln mu|Ii:Icge
pump:, Iwc cr mcre impe||er: cre crrcngec cn c :ing|e :hcfI :c IhcI |iuic ci:chcrgec Ly fir:I :Icge
impe||er cI cerIcin hecc pc::e: Ic Ihe nexI :Icge impe||er, where Ihe hecc i: increc:ec Ii|| Ihe |iuic
finc||y enIer: inIc ce|ivery pipe.

Ihe uniI ccn:i:I: cf c Iwc :Icge cenIrifugc| pump criven Ly c 3-phc:e incucIicn mcIcr. /n
energy meIer prcvicec mec:ure: e|ecIricc| inpuI Ic Ihe mcIcr & c mec:uring Icnk prcvicec encL|e:
Ic mec:ure Ihe ci:chcrge cf Ihe pump. / gcIe perfcrmcnce cf Ihe pump ccn Le e:IimcIec cI
vcricu: hecc:.

A 5 Stoge Centr||ugo| Fump

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810447 ZZZFUHDWLYHPHFKVLQ
23
Observot|on Iob|e:

S
No
D|schorge Fressure,
Fd [kgJcm
2
}
Suct|on Vocuum,
Fs [mm o| Hg}
I|me |or ___ ||t woter
[___cm o| tonk}
d|schorge, tm [sec}
I|me |or n=___rev o|
Energy meter, te [sec}
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Formu|oe:

1. D|schorge heod
10 F h
c c
u m cf wcIer
2. Suct|on Heod:

1000
13. F
h
:
:
u

m cf wcIer
3. Ioto| Heod:
hI = hc + h: + 2m cf wcIer
4. D|schorge:
I
x /
C
Icnk
c

m
3
/:
5. Woter power [or Output Fower}

1000
W.C.h
WF
I

kW

. E|ectr|co| Input
LeI Iime reuirec fcr 10 rev. cf energy meIer ci:c Le Ie-Sec.
E|ecIricc| lnpuI Fcwer, lF

e C
I
300
E
n
lF u
kW
Icking mcIcr efficiency c: 757 we hcve Input Sho|t Fower,
SF = lF x 0.75

7. Hydrou||c E|||c|ency
100
SF
WF
h
u
7
8. Overo|| e|||c|ency

100
lF
WF
c
u
7

kesu|t Iob|e

S
Nc
hI C WF lF
R
K
SF
K
K
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.


Where,
W - Specific WeighI cf wcIer = 810 N/m
3
.
C - Di:chcrge {m
3
/:ec).
hI - IcIc| hecc {m)
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810447 ZZZFUHDWLYHPHFKVLQ
24

Frocedure:

1. Cpen Ihe ci:chcrge vc|ve fu||y & :IcrI Ihe Fump.
2. NcIe ccwn Ihe ci:chcrge hecc {Ly pre::ure gcuge cn ci:chcrge pipe) & :ucIicn vccuum.
3. Mec:ure Ihe Iime Icken fcr c ccnvenienI heighI cf wcIer cc||ecIicn in Ihe cc||ecIicn Icnk.
4. NcIe Ihe Vc|Icge & CurrenI Feccing: cn Fegu|cIcr.
5. FepecI Ihe prccecure Ly fcr cifferenI Di:chcrge:.

Note: Whi|e mec:uring Ihe reccing: Ihe reference pcinI {WcIer |eve| cr Fre::ure Gcuge neec|e),
ccnIinucu: viLrcIicn: mcy cccur cue Ic vc|Icge chcnge:, vc|ve: eIc. in :uch cc:e:, cvercge reccing:
mcy Le Icken.)

Frecout|ons:
1. Friming i: mu:I Lefcre :IcrIing Ihe pump. Fump :hcu|c never Le run empIy.
2. Fump :hcu|c ncI Le :IcrIec if Ihe vc|Icge i: |e:: Ihcn 180 V.
3. Ihe |cwer enc cf SucIicn Fipe mu:I c|wcy: Le :uLmergec uncer wcIer in Ihe Sump Icnk.
4. E|ecIricc| neuIrc| & EcrIh ccnnecIicn: :hcu|c Le checkec ccrrecI|y.
5. FreuenI {cI |ec:I cnce in Ihree mcnIh:) grec:ing / ci|ing cf rcIcIing pcrI: i: nece::cry.
. Ihe mcchine: :hcu|c Le cpercIec cI |ec:I :cme Iime every week Ic cvcic c|cgging.
7. Leckcge: in Ihe Fiping & Nczz|e Hcu:ing :hcu|c Le checkec regu|cr|y.

Grophs:

CpercIing chcrccIeri:Iic: - F|cI Ihe grcph cf Di:chcrge v: Cverc|| efficiency & Hycrcu|ic
efficiency.

kesu|t:
Frcm Ihe CpercIing ChcrccIeri:Iic:, iI i: ncIec IhcI
c. Mcximum efficiency cccur: cI Ihe ci:chcrge cf ... m
3
/:ec & i: ..
L. Mcximum pcwer inpuI Ic pump i: . kW
c. Mcximum ci:chcrge cf pump i: ... m
3
/:ec.

App||cot|ons:

/: Mu|Ii:Icge Fump wcrk: c: 2 Fump: in :erie:, iI hc: ccpcciIy Ic ceve|cp very high hecc:
which i: ncI pc::iL|e fcr c Sing|e SIcge Fump. Ihe:e Fump: finc cpp|iccIicn where high Hecc i:
reuirec. Ihe numLer cf :Icge: ccn Le cecicec Lc:ec cn Ihe reuiremenI. Hcwever iI hc: Leen
fcunc IhcI increc:ing Ihe :Icge: Leycnc |imiI recuce: Ihe efficiency crc:Iicc||y.


V|vo:
1. Hcw cre Ihe Fump: ccnnecIec {Serie: / Fcrc||e|)
2. WhcI i: Ihe ccvcnIcge cf :erie: ccnnecIicn
3. Hcw ccn we cLIcin high ci:chcrge cI |cw hecc
4. WhcI hcppen: Ic Ihe efficiency c: Ihe numLer cf :Icge: cre increc:ec
5. WhcI i: Mechcnicc| / Hycrcu|ic / Vc|umeIric / Cverc|| Efficiency
. WhcI i: Friming
7. WhcI i: NFSH
8. Ccmpcrec Ic :ing|e :Icge hcw much pcwer cce: c Mu|Ii:Icge Fump u:e
. WhcI i: Fc:iIive Fump l: Ihi: c Fc:iIive Fump
10. Hcw cc ycu finc cuIpuI Fcwer cf c Fump Exp|cin c|| Ihe Ierm: in iI.
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