Muscle External Intercostals Scalenes Internal intercostals Transversus Thoracis Rectus Abdominis External abdominal oblique Internal abdominal

oblique Transverse abdominis Intertransversalis Erector spinae Pectoralis minor Sternocleidomastoid

Function Inspiration Forced Inspiration & neck flexion Forced expiration Forced expiration Flexion of trunk Flexion & lateral flexion of trunk Flexion & lateral flexion of trunk Flexion & lateral flexion of trunk & retraction of abdominal wall Flexion of trunk Extension of spine Protracts scapula & elevates ribs Flexes head at neck & elevates ribs Muscles of the Leg and Foot

Origin & Insertion O: Inferior boarder of ribs I: Superior border of ribs O: Superior border of ribs I: inferior boarder of ribs

I: coracoid process O: ribs 3-5 O: sternum and clavicle I: mastoid process

MUSCLE
Tibialis Anterior

FUNCTION
Dorsiflexion of the foot Inversion of the foot Plantar Flexion Inversion

ORIGIN & INSERTION

O: Below lateral condyle of tibia I: metatarsal I and medial cuneiform O: superior tibial and fibular shafts and intersosseous membrane I: navicular, cuboid, lateral cuneiform and metatarsals II-IV O: medial tibial shaft I: base of distal phalanges IIV O: lower fibula I: base of distal Phalanyx I O: inferior fibular shaft I: Base of metatarsal V

Tibialis Posterior

Flexor Digitorum longus Flexor Hallicis Longus Fibularis Brevis

Flexion of toes Flexion of the Hallux Eversion Plantarflexion

Fibularis longus

O: Head and upper shaft of fibula I: medial cuneiform and metatarsal I

Gastrocnemius

Soleus Extensor Digitorum Longus

Inversion (Medial) Eversion (Lateral) Plantar Flexion Flexion of the knee Plantar Flexion of the foot Extension of toes

O: Femoral Condyles I: Calcaneal Tendon O: Posterior Fibula and Tibia I: Calcaneal Tendon O: Lateral condyle of tibia, fibula and interosseous membrane I: distal phalanges II-V

Flexor digitorum brevis Extensor digitorum brevis Abductor digiti minimi

Flexes toes Extends toes Abdcts little toe

O: lower calcaneous O: Upper calcanoeus O: lower calcaneous

Muscle actions for the Upper Arm, Lower Arm and Hand Muscles MUSCLE FUNCTION Flexion of arm @ the elbow Supination Biceps Brachii Flexion of arm @ the elbow Supination Pronation Flexion of arm @ the elbow Extension of the arm @ the elbow Extension of the arm @ the elbow Pronation (minor role) Adduction of wrist Flexion of wrist (both) Abduction of wrist Flexion of the fingers Flexion of the fingers Flexor Digitorum Profundus Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Pollicis Brevis Flexion of the thumb Flexion of the thumb ORIGIN & INSERTION O: Supraglenoid Tubercle (long head) O: Coracoid Process (Short Head) I: Radial Tuberosity O: Lateral Epicondyle I: Styloid Process of the Radius O: Mid Diaphysis of Humerus I: Ulnar Tuberosity Long head O: Infraglenoid Tubercle I: Olecranon Process O: Pos. Posterior, distal Lateral Humerus I: Olecranon Process O: Medial Epicondyles O: Medial Epicondyles O: Coronoid Process of ulna & interosseous membrane I: Distal Phalanges O: Radius & interosseous membrane O: Flexor Retinaculum

Brachioradialis Brachialis Triceps Brachii

Anconeus Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

Flexor Digiti Minimi Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Pollicis longus Extensor Pollicis Brevis Extensor Digitorum Extensor Digiti Minimi Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Supinator Palmaris Longus Dorsal Interossei Palmar Interossei Opponens Pollicis Opponens Digiti Mimini Pronator Teres Pronator Quadratus Adductor Pollicis Abductor Pollicis Longus Abductor Pollicis Brevis Abdductor Digiti Minimi Lumbricales

Flexion of little finger Abduction of wrist Extension of the wrist Abduction of wrist Extension of the wrist Extension of the thumb Extension of the thumb Extension of the Fingers Extension of the Fingers Extension of little finger Adduction of wrist Extension of the wrist Supination Flexion of wrist Abduction of the fingers Adduction of fingers Opposition Opposition Pronation Pronation Adduction of thumb Abduction of thumb Abduction of thumb Abduction of the little finger Extension of the Fingers Muscles of the SHOULDER

O: Flexor Retinaculum O: Lateral Epicondyles O: Lateral Epicondyles O: Ulna & interosseous membrane O: Proximal dorsal radius and ulna O: Lateral Epicondyles O: Lateral Epicondyles O: Lateral Epicondyles O: lateral epicondyle O: medial epicondyle I: Palmar Fascia O: Flexor Retinaculum O: Flexor Retinaculum O: medial epicondyle

MUSCLES
Trapezius

FUNCTIONS
Elevation (Upper) Depression (lower) Adduction Upward Rotation Elevation Adduction Downward Rotation Elevation Downward Rotation Abduction Upward Rotation Depression

ORIGINS & INSERTIONS

O: base of Skull, C7-T12 I: Spine of scapula, acromion process and clavicle O: C6-T4 I: Vertebral Border of Scapula I: Superior angle of scapula O: upper 8 ribs I: Anterior Vertebral Border of Scapula

Rhomboids Levator Scapulae Serratus Anterior

Muscles of the UPPER ARM (HUMERUS) MUSCLES

Teres Major Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Pectoralis Major Subscapularis Infraspinatus Supraspinatus Deltoid Teres Minor Coracobrachialis Clavicular Pec. Major Sternal Pec. Major

FUNCTIONS
Medial rotation Adduction Extension Medial Rotation Adduction Extension Medial Rotation Adduction Medial Rotation Lateral Rotation Abduction Medial Rotation (anterior) Flexion (Anterior) Lateral Rotation (posterior) Abduction Lateral Rotation Flexion Adduction Adduction;medial rotation Flexion Adduiction; medial roation; Extension

ORIGINS & INSERTIONS

O: inferior angle of scapula I: intertubercular groove I: Intertubercular groove (both) O: Clavicle, sternum I: Intertubercular groove I: Greater Tubercle of humerus O: Subscapular Fossa I: Lesser Tubercle of humerus O: Infraspinous Fossa I: Greater Tubercle of humerus O: Supraspinous Fossa I: Greater Tubercle of humerus O: acromion process, scapular spine and clavicle I: Deltoid Tuberosity I: Greater Tubercle O: Coracoid Process I: Diaphysis of humeus O: clavicle I: intertubercular goove O: sternum I: intertubercular groove

MUSCLES Piriformis Quadratus Femoris Obturator Internus Obturator Externus Obturators Superior Gemellus Inferior Gemellus Gemilli

ACTIONS of the HIP/THIGH FUNCTIONS Lateral Rotator Retroversion Abduction Lateral Rotator Retroversion Lateral Rotator Retroversion Lateral Rotator Abduction Lateral Rotator Retroversion Lateral Rotator Retroversion Abduction

ORIGINS & INSERTIONS O: Anterior sacrum I: Greater Trochanter O: Ischial Tuberosity I: Intertrochanteric crest O: Internal Obturator Foramen I: Greater Trochanter O: External Obturator Foramen I: Greater Trochanter O: Ischial spine I: Greater Trochanter O: Ischial Tuberosity I: Greater Trochanter I. Greater Trochanter.

Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus

Lateral Rotator Extension Medial Rotator Abduction (hip) Medial Rotator Abduction (hip) Medial Rotator of hip Abduction Flexion of thigh Extension of the Knee Lateral rotation of knee Extension of thigh Flexion of the Knee Lateral rotation of knee Extension of thigh Flexion of the Knee Medial Rotation of the Knee Extension of hip Flexion of the Knee Medial Rotation of the Knee Flexion of thigh Adduction Flexion of thigh Adduction Flexion of thigh Anteversion Adduction Flexion of the abdomen Flexion Lateral Rotation of the Knee Flexion Adduction Medial Rotation of the Knee Adduction Flexion of the Knee Adduction Adduction Extension of the leg @ knee

O: posterior gluteal line; sacrum I: Gluteal Tuberosity O: ilum below crest of Ili um near anterior gluteal line I: Greater Trochanter O: iliac inferior gluteal line of ileum I: Greater Trochanter O: Iliac crest (ASIS) I: Iliotibial Tract O: Ischial Tuberosity; linea aspera I: Head of Fibula O: Ischial Tuberosity I: Medial Proximal Tibia O: Ischial Tuberosity I: Medial Proximal Tibia I: Lesser Trochanter I: Lesser Trochanter O: Iliac Fossa I: Lesser Trochanter O: Iliac Crest I: rib 12, lumbar veretebrae O: ASIS (Anterior Superior Iliac Spine) I: Medial Proximal Tibia O: Iliopectinate line I: Pectinate line I: Medial Proximal Tibia O: Lateral condyle of femur I: Medial Proximal Tibia O: Ischial Tuberosity I: Linea Aspera O: Inferior pubic ramus I: Linea Aspera O: Linea Aspera I: Tibial Tuberosity

Tensor Fascia Latae Biceps Femoris

Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Psoas Major Psoas Minor Iliacus Quadratus Lumborum Sartorius Pectineus Gracilis Popliteus Adductor Magnus Adductor Longus Vastus Lateralis

Vastus Medialis Vastus Intermedius Rectus Femoris

Extension of the leg @ knee Extension of the leg @ knee Extension of the leg @ knee

O: Linea Aspera I: Tibial Tuberosity O: Linea Aspera I: Tibial Tuberosity O: AIIS (Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine) I: Tibial Tuberosity