Derivation of Eulers pump and turbine equation Velocity triangles for a radial turbine Velocity triangles for an axial

al turbine Velocity triangles for a radial pump

Absolute specific stagnation energy

Starting with Newton 2. law, the absolute acceleration for stationary flow can be derived as:

c ( c ) = E f
Specific stagnation Energy Velocity Friction

Where: E= c = f = [J/kg] [m/s] [N/kg]

The absolute specific stagnation energy is constant along a streamline in a frictionless system.

c E = + + gz 2
Ref. Grunnkurs i Hydrauliske Strmningsmaskiner

Relative specific stagnation energy Rotalpy

Relative acceleration in a rotating channel can be derived as:

w ( c ) = I f
I c f = = =

Where Rotalpy [J/kg] Velocity [m/s] Friction force [N/kg]

The Rotalpy is constant along a streamline

p w R I= + + gz 2 2
2 2 2

Energy conversion
(E1 I1 ) (E2 I 2 ) = g H h
EI = EI = c 2 w2 2 R 2 + 2 2 2 = c 2 w2 u 2 + 2 2 2 p w2 2 R 2 c2 + + + g z + g z 2 2 2 p

u = r

cu cm
c c c = + 2 2 2
2 2 u 2 m

u = r

w
2 2 2 w2 wu wm (u cu ) cm = + = + 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 w2 u 2 cu cm = u cu + + 2 2 2 2

EI EI

c 2 w2 u 2 + 2 2 2

2 2 2 2 cu cm u 2 cu cm u 2 + + u cu + 2 2 2 2 2 2

= u cu

(E1 I1 ) (E2 I 2 ) = g H h = u1 cu1 u2 cu 2

Eulers pump and turbine equation

u 1 c u1 u 2 c u 2 h = gH

Velocity Triangles for a Radial Turbine

u1 c1 w 1 u2 c 2 w2

Velocity triangles for an axial turbine

Guidevanes Runnerblades

w1

c1 u1

c2 u2 w2

Velocity Triangles for a Radial Pump

w1 c1 u1

w2 u2

1 c

SVARTISEN

u1=75 m/s

c1
h = 96 % cm1 = 13,9 m/s cu1 = 68 m/s
1 = 63o

w1

P = 350 MW H =?m Q* = 71,5 m3/S D0 = 4,86 m D1 = 4,31m D2 = 2,35 m B0 = 0,28 m n = 333 rpm