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MTH 261 PROBLEM-BASED ALGEBRA AND CALCULUS FOR SECONDARY TEACHERS

Intern: Mrs. Linda Anderson Supervisor: Dr. Douglas Lapp

MODULE 4

Complex Connections

Lesson 2 Purpose(s) of the lesson Use polynomials in various forms to model situations Imitate more complicated functions Explorations Need for Speed Strategic Factors A Complex Solution

1: Need for Speed


Standard Form Factored Form

Has more cycles, uses more time

Has less cycles, uses less time

1: Need for Speed


Standard Form
Nested Form

Has more cycles, uses more time

Has less cycles, uses less time

1: Need for Speed


Estimating Non-polynomial functions

1: Need for Speed


Estimating Non-polynomial functions

1: Need for Speed


Estimating Non-polynomial functions

1: Need for Speed


Estimating Non-polynomial functions

Do you recognize the function?

2: Strategic Factors
Solve by graphing Solve by factoring Solve by completing the square Solve using the quadratic formula

Not all methods work all of the time

2: Strategic Factors
Solve by graphing

2: Strategic Factors
Solve by factoring
630 2 + 73 = 6 630 2 + 73 6 = 0 35 + 6 18 1 = 0 6 = 0.171 35 1 or = 0.056
18

2: Strategic Factors
Solve by completing the square
630 2 + 73 = 6 73 6 2 + = 630 630 2 73 73 6 73 2 + + = + 630 1260 630 1260 73 2 ( + ) = 0.01288 1260 73 = 0.01288 1260 0.056 0.171

2: Strategic Factors
Solve by using the quadratic formula
630 2 + 73 = 6 630 2 + 73 6 = 0 73 732 4(630)(6) = 2(630) 73 20449 = 1260 0.056 0.171

2: Strategic Factors
Solve by using the best method ever!!!

2: Strategic Factors
Topics: Factor Theorem Rational Zeros Theorem

Polynomial Division Repeated zeros/factors

3: A Complex Solution
Students explore the properties of complex numbers and relate them to the real number system
Why do you think this investigation was included in this lesson? What connections do you see between complex numbers and the use of polynomials to imitate the sine function?

M.O.R.E
Modeling Organizing Reflecting Extending

Lesson 4 Purpose(s) of the lesson Investigate the geometry of complex numbers Explore the trigonometric form of complex numbers Explorations Complex Numbers and Vectors DeMoivres Theorem A Complex Solution

1. Complex Numbers and Vectors


= + = ( + )

2. DeMoivres Theorem
= ( + )
Can be used to solve 3 = 1
3 = 1 = 3 3 + 3 Since 1 = 0 + 0 = 2 + 2 = 4 + 4 = 6 + 6 Then r=1 and 3 = 0,2, 4, 6,

2. DeMoivres Theorem
= ( + )

Cube roots of unity

REACTION TO THE VIGNETTE

Teacher: Does not know Not very clear about her answer Offered little insight Shut Down the students

REACTION TO THE VIGNETTE

Suggestions: Exploration: In-class or at home Continued discussion Ask questions that would make them think Elaborate more show an example Show using graphs Show them how to use it and when they might see it.

A COMPLEX SITUATION
2 4 6 8 10 cos() 1 + + 2! 4! 6! 8! 10! 3 5 7 9 11 sin() 1 + + 3! 5! 7! 9! 11! = 1 + +
2 2! 3 3! 4 4! 5 5! 6 6! 7 + 7! 8 8! 9 9! 10 10!

11 11

A COMPLEX SITUATION
2 4 6 8 10 cos() 1 + + 2! 4! 6! 8! 10! 3 5 7 9 11 sin() + + 3! 5! 7! 9! 11! =
4 6 8 10 (1 + + )+ 4! 6! 8! 10! 3 5 7 9 11 + + cos + sin() 3! 5! 7! 9! 11! 2 2!

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