Airbus and Apv LVP Approaches

ICAO LVP&APV workshop 9-11 June 2009
Presented by:
Edith PABON-ALQUIER
Airbus Flight Operations Support & Services
Airbus aircraft capacities to support APV
Content
LNAV/VNAV Baro VNAV RNP AR APCH Airbus FMS Landing System - FLS
AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
SBAS Satellite Landing System Conclusion
ICAO LVP&APV workshop
June 09
Page 2
LNAV/VNAV Baro-VNAV
During LNAV/VNAV, Baro-VNAV, the aircraft system uses
barometric altitude to compare the vertical position of the aircraft with vertical flight path computed by the FMS, also using baro-referenced altitudes.
The fly-by-wire Airbus aircraft are equipped with integrated

LNAV/VNAV systems with accurate source of barometric altitude.
Airbus fly-by-wire aircraft systems have been certified by

EASA to conduct Baro-VNAV approaches down to a MDA/H of minimum 250ft.
June 09
Page 3
Content
LNAV/VNAV RNP APCH RNP AR APCH Airbus FMS Landing System - FLS
June 09
Page 4
Airbus Basic RNP Capabilities RNP APCH

Basic certification was demonstrated by reference to the
MASPS DO-236 / ED-75 Achieved with AP or FD ON in GPS PRIMARY mode
Approach Airbus Certified Capability Required Capability RNP 0.3 RNP 0.3 Terminal RNP 0.51 RNP 1 En-route RNP 1(2) RNP 2(4)
RNP 0.3 applicable to straight in approaches designed under ICAO

PANS OPS or FAA TERPS criteria.
All Airbus equipped with FMS and GPS are capable to fly RNP APCH as
per ICAO PBN manual.
DH as low as 250 ft with FINAL APP mode (LNAV/VNAV ) guidance.

Note: This certification was not intended for RNP AR (or SAAAR) operations, including RNP AR APCH of ICAO PBN manual.
ICAO LVP&APV workshop June 09 Page 5
RNP AR Concept
RNP AR Concept RNP AR Concept A procedure is RNP AR if one of the following characteristic is present:
Reduced obstacle protections, at 2xRNP, without buffers
2 x RNP
VEB
RNP values lower than 0.3 in approach
Curved flight path below FAF (RF legs)
June 09
Page 6
RNP AR Certification standards

In some cases, obstacle may be as close as 2xRNP. Need to demonstrate a Target Level of Safety of 10-7/approach Including the effect of system failures Existing airborne systems are not capable
to meet this objective alone Operational mitigations are required to achieve the overall safety objectives (FOSA)
RNP AR Certification standards

FAA:
Rely on Flight Operational Safety Assessment (FOSA) Engine failure evaluation in ops context A/C to be maintained within 2xRNP
EASA certification requirements:

Engine failure or probable system failures (>10-5/procedure):
A/C to be maintained within 1xRNP
Remote system failures (10-5 to 10-7/procedure) :

A/C to be maintained within 2xRNP
Safe extraction for failures below 10-7
June 09
Page 8
RNP AR below 0.3 Certification
Lateral Deviation scale

Automatic NAV re-engagement
RNP AR EASA Certification

at GA initiation
Triple click upon loss of FINAL APP or NAV EGPWS with GPS position and peaks mode
Requirements
June 09
Page 9
RNP AR below 0.3 Certification Lateral Deviation & Improved XTRK error resolution
SPEED FINAL APP MDA 250
V/DEV
AP1 1FD2 A/THR
When 0.02 XTK 0.29
Improved XTK Error resolution on ND: 2 digits after the dot
RNP
L/DEV
ON
RNP Push Button enables the LATDEV

New Lateral Deviation Indication:
L/DEV displayed on PFD

Position of the computed flight plan Full scale: 2 dots = +/- 0.2 NM Same symbol as the V/DEV
display. With latest standards of equipment, the P/B is no more required:

The L/DEV is automatically displayed when needed
June 09 Page 10
Certification for RNP AR below 0.3

A318/A319/A320/A321 aircraft A318/A319/A320/A321 aircraft
tly rren Cu
Approach
(AP on)
Missed Approach (AP on)
Departure
(AP on)
RNP 0.1 (normal)
RNP 0.17 (normal) RNP 0.24 (non normal)
RNP 0.17 (normal)
New
Approach
(AP on)
Missed Approach (AP on) Availability planned Q4 2009
Departure
(AP on)
RNP 0.1 (normal) and RNP 0.2 (non normal)
Requires Specific Set of Equipment Package
June 09
Page 11

A330-200/-300 aircraft A330-200/-300 aircraft
tly rren Approach Cu
(AP on)
Departure
(AP on)
RNP 0.1 (normal) RNP 0.3 (normal) RNP 0.3 (non normal)
RNP 0.1 (normal)
New
Approach
(AP on)
Departure
(AP on)
RNP 0.1 (Normal) and RNP 0.2y (non normal)

Availability planned Q2 2010
June 09
Page 12

A340-500/-600 aircraft A340-500/-600 aircraft
Approach
(AP on)
Departure
(AP on)
RNP 0.1 (normal) RNP 0.3 (normal) RNP 0.2

(non normal)
RNP 0.1 (normal) RNP 0.2

(non normal)
RNP 0.3
(non normal)
Availability planned Q2 2009

June 09
Page 13
The RNP AR limited to 0.3.

RNP AR procedures are not all equivalent in terms of exposure:
Flight around obstacles Noise abatement, Track miles saving, Traffic management, .
June 09
Page 14
The RNP AR limited to 0.3.

On A318/A319/A320/A321 & A330/A340-600/A340-500 On A318/A319/A320/A321 & A330/A340-600/A340-500
ew N
Approach
(AP on)
Departure
(AP on)
RNP 0.3 (normal &
non norm)

Availability end of the year 2009, or early 2010, No LAT DEV required. reduced set of equipment
June 09
Page 15
Content
June 09
Page 16
FMS Landing System (FLS)

Airbus has decided to modify the current cockpit design for Non Precision Approach operational procedures to provide similar interface for Non Precision Approach as for Precision Approach (ILS Look alike) This new design allows conducting existing non precision approaches (VOR, VOR/DME, NDB, NDB/DME, GPS) in the same manner as Precision Approach (ILS/GLS) with similar display, guidance & warnings. This function is autonomous and does not require any additional information from the ground. Applies to straight in approach flight path.
FLS is a new way to fly NPA not a new type of approach

FLS Principle
Based on database stored data, an FLS
approach beam is defined. Then, lateral and vertical deviations between the FLS beam and the computed aircraft position are computed by the MMR and used for guidance and display to the pilot.
The FLS virtual beam is defined by: Anchor Point
Course Slope FLS beam FAF Anchor Point
Slope
Anchor point
FLS beam
FAF Course
Anchor Point
FLS display
6 1) Pseudo LOC scale & index 2) Pseudo G/S scale & index 3) Course pointer 4) FLS beam definition Anchor Point identification Slope Distance to RWY threshold 5) Approach capability 6) AP/FD guidance modes
4
3 1
June 09 Page 19
FLS Benefits
Stabilized approach
Enhanced safety operation:
80% of approach accidents occur on non stabilized approaches
FLS available all over the world:

non precision approaches published on any airport in the world
ILS Look alike

HMI close to precision approaches Reuse of ILS pilot skills , reduction in training needs. Use of ILS guidance laws in Flight Guidance: same behavior as precision approaches Temperature compensated
June 09
Page 20
FLS policy and schedule

FLS is a Multi Programme Project Will be certified on all
current Airbus fly-by-wire aircraft
Basic on A380 and A350 Optional on SA and LR programs
Certification schedule:
A380: At Entry into service A320 family: end 09 A330/A340 family: from 2010
June 09
Page 21
Content
June 09
Page 22
Satellite Landing System

Allows to fly RNAV (GNSS) approaches with vertical guidance down to 200ft without any xLS ground station
First step: A350XWB
Targeted procedures: RNAV GNSS with LPV minima (down to 200) Technical enabler: GPS+SBAS Coverage: multi regional Cockpit integration (HMI, NDB, ..)
Future steps:
Technical enablers: all new GNSS means capable of LPV200 Coverage: worldwide
GPS L1 SBAS L1 GALILEO L1/E5 GPS L1 GPS L1 WAAS L1 GPS L1 W. / E. L1 WAAS/ EGNOS L1 GAGAN/ MSAS L1
GPS L1/L5 SBAS L1/L5 GALILEO SOL L1/L5 GPS L1/L1C/L5 SBAS L1/L5 GALILEO SOL L1/L5
2003
2009
2011
2013
2018
June 09
2023
Page 23
A350XWB
Main benefits
No need for local ground station
Provide geometrical vertical guidance
Give access to RNAV GNSS with LPV minima down to 200

SBAS
June 09
Page 24
Experimental flight tests

SBAS flight tests performed on A380
With a modified MMR, In an experimental configuration with SBAS on one side and GBAS on the other side To mature function for A350 and collect SBAS data
Project launched for A350 to provide SBAS Landing

System (SLS) with capability to perform LPV-200 approaches (where available)
Currently no plans to introduce SLS for existing

programmes
June 09
Page 25
Content
June 09
Page 26
Conclusion
Satellite based systems and RNP operations foreseen as the final successor to ground based aids. Airbus supports the development of new landing systems in line with operator requirements.
MLS, FLS, SBAS (SLS) MMR is the key to enable all approaches (precision and non precision) to be flown the same way.
RNP AR : most of the fly by wire a/c are RNP AR capable.

Airbus has already met more stringent EASA requirements Reduced operational demonstration for airlines Higher confidence from national authorities
June 09
Page 27
Proprietary document. By taking delivery of this Presentation (hereafter Presentation), you accept on behalf of your company to comply with the following. No other property rights are granted by the delivery of this Presentation than the right to read it, for the sole purpose of information. This Presentation, its content, illustrations and photos shall not be modified nor reproduced without prior written consent of Airbus S.A.S. This Presentation and the materials it contains shall not, in whole or in part, be sold, rented, or licensed to any third party subject to payment or not. This Presentation may contain market-sensitive or other information that is correct at the time of going to press. This information involves a number of factors which could change over time, affecting the true public representation. Airbus assumes no obligation to update any information contained in this document or with respect to the information described herein. The statements made herein do not constitute an offer or form part of any contract. They are based on Airbus information and are expressed in good faith but no warranty or representation is given as to their accuracy. When additional information is required, Airbus S.A.S can be contacted to provide further details. Airbus S.A.S shall assume no liability for any damage in connection with the use of this Presentation and the materials it contains, even if Airbus S.A.S has been advised of the likelihood of such damages. This licence is governed by French law and exclusive jurisdiction is given to the courts and tribunals of Toulouse (France) without prejudice to the right of Airbus to bring proceedings for infringement of copyright or any other intellectual property right in any other court of competent jurisdiction.

Airbus and Apv LVP Approaches

Încărcat de

Informații document

Titlu original

Drepturi de autor

Formate disponibile

Partajați acest document

Partajați sau inserați document

Opțiuni de partajare

Vi se pare util acest document?

Este necorespunzător acest conținut?

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

Airbus and Apv LVP Approaches

Încărcat de

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

ICAO LVP&APV workshop 9-11 June 2009

Airbus aircraft capacities to support APV

SBAS Satellite Landing System Conclusion

ICAO LVP&APV workshop

The fly-by-wire Airbus aircraft are equipped with integrated

Airbus fly-by-wire aircraft systems have been certified by

ICAO LVP&APV workshop

SBAS Satellite Landing System Conclusion

ICAO LVP&APV workshop

Airbus Basic RNP Capabilities RNP APCH

RNP 0.3 applicable to straight in approaches designed under ICAO

DH as low as 250 ft with FINAL APP mode (LNAV/VNAV ) guidance.

AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

RNP values lower than 0.3 in approach

Curved flight path below FAF (RF legs)

ICAO LVP&APV workshop

RNP AR Certification standards

RNP AR Certification standards

EASA certification requirements:

A/C to be maintained within 1xRNP

Remote system failures (10-5 to 10-7/procedure) :

Safe extraction for failures below 10-7

ICAO LVP&APV workshop

RNP AR below 0.3 Certification

Lateral Deviation scale

RNP AR EASA Certification

ICAO LVP&APV workshop

AP1 1FD2 A/THR

When 0.02 XTK 0.29

Improved XTK Error resolution on ND: 2 digits after the dot

RNP Push Button enables the LATDEV

L/DEV displayed on PFD

display. With latest standards of equipment, the P/B is no more required:

Certification for RNP AR below 0.3

Missed Approach (AP on)

RNP 0.1 (normal)

RNP 0.17 (normal) RNP 0.24 (non normal)

RNP 0.17 (normal)

Missed Approach (AP on) Availability planned Q4 2009

RNP 0.1 (normal) and RNP 0.2 (non normal)

Requires Specific Set of Equipment Package

ICAO LVP&APV workshop

Certification for RNP AR below 0.3

Missed Approach (AP on)

RNP 0.1 (normal)

Missed Approach (AP on)

RNP 0.1 (Normal) and RNP 0.2y (non normal)

Requires Specific Set of Equipment Package

ICAO LVP&APV workshop

Certification for RNP AR below 0.3

Missed Approach (AP on)

RNP 0.1 (normal) RNP 0.3 (normal) RNP 0.2

RNP 0.1 (normal) RNP 0.2

Availability planned Q2 2009

Requires Specific Set of Equipment Package

ICAO LVP&APV workshop

The RNP AR limited to 0.3.

AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

ICAO LVP&APV workshop

The RNP AR limited to 0.3.

Missed Approach (AP on)

RNP 0.3 (normal &

ICAO LVP&APV workshop