ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION

+d +d +d +d

a, a+d, a+2d, a+3d, a+4d, …

EXAMPLE

3, 7, 11, 15 …
Find out the formula form your note.

ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION

The sum of the first n term:

Sn = ______________
or
Sn = ______________

a = _______________
d = _______________
l = _______________
Fill in the
n = _______________ blank
1.1 Identify characteristics of arithmetic progression:

EXERCISE 1:

Complete each of the sequence below to form an arithmetic progression.

1
g) 2, _____ , 8 , ______ , 14 , 17
2

b) -2 , -5 , ______ , -11 , ________

c) -4, ______ , ______ , ________ , 2

d) 2x -3 , 2x -1 , ________ , _______ , 2x + 5
1.2 Determine whether a given sequence is an arithmetic progression

EXERCISE 2 :

1. Determine whether a given sequence below is an arithmetic progression.

a) 5 , 11 , 17 , 23 , ……….. ( ____________________ )
b) -20 , -50 , -30 , -35 , ………. ( ____________________ )
c) 1 , 4 , 9 , 16 , ……… ( ____________________ )
d) 2x + y , 4x – y , 6x -3y , …… ( ____________________ )
 example
Identify whether the following is an
arithmetic progression by calculating
the common difference d.
4, 7, 10, 13, …
d1 =7–4 =3
Common difference, d = 3.

d2 = 10 – 7 = 3 4, 7, 10, 13, … is an arithmetic progression.

d3 = 13 – 10 = 3
2. k +3 , 2k + 6 ,8 are the first three terms of an
arithmetic progression,find the value of k.

Note:
If x,y and z are three terms of
an arithmetic progression ,
y–x=z-y
1.Given that x 2 , 5 x, 7 x  4
are three consecutive terms of

an arithmetic progression
where x has a positive value.
Find the value of x.
1.Given that the first three terms of

an arithmetic progression are

2 y, 3 y  3 and 5y+1
Find the value of y.
 example
Determine the specific 10-th term for
the following AP.
-20, -14, -8, -2, …
1.3 Determine by using formula:

a. specific terms in arithmetic

progressions
b. the number of terms in arithmetic
progressions

Tn  a  (n  1)d
 th
1. Find the 9 term of the AP.

2, 5 , 8 , …..
Solution:
a=2
d = 5-2=3 Other method,
list out the AP,
Tn  a  (n  1)d 2, 5, 8, 11, 14,
17, 20, 23, 26
T9  2  (9  1)3
= _______
 th
2. Find the 11 term of the arithmetic prog.

5
3, , 2, ........
2
3. For the arithmetic progression
th
0.7, 2.1 , 3.5, ….. , find the 5 term.
 th
4. Find the n term of the arithmetic progression
1
4, 6 , 9, .....
2
 th
5. Find the 7 term of A.P.:

k, 2k + 1, 3k+2, 4k+3,….
6. Given that arithmetic progression
9 +6x , 9+4x, 9+2x, ……
Find the 10th term.
 7.Find the number of terms of the arithmetic

progression
Tn  a  (n  1)d
a) 4,9.14,….. ,64
Tn  64
Other method,
4 + (n-1)5 = 64
list out the AP,
4+ 5n-5 = 64
4, 9, 14, 19,
5n – 1 = 64
24, 29, 34, 39,
5n = 65
44, 49, 54, 59,
n = 65 ÷ 5
n = 13 64
n = 13
7.Find the number of terms of the arithmetic

progression
(b) -2, -7, -12, ……, -127
Tn  a  (n  1)d
7.Find the number of terms of the arithmetic

progression
1 1 1
c) 1,1
6
,1 , ......, 4
3 2 Tn  a  (n  1)d
7.Find the number of terms of the arithmetic

progression
d) x  y, x  y, x  3 y,........., x  31 y
8. For the arithmetic progression
5 , 8 , 11 , ……. Which term is equal
to 320 ?
Solution:

a= Tn  a  ( n  1) d = Tn

d= 5 + ( n – 1)(3) = 320

5 + 3n – 3 = 320

2 + 3n = 320

3n = 320 - 2
3n = 318
n = 106
9. The sequence 121 , 116 , 111 , ….
is an arithmetic progression.
Find the first negative term in the progression.
Solution:
Tn < 0 a = 121,
d = 116 – 121 = -5
a + (n – 1)d < 0
121 + (n – 1)(-5) < 0 Other method,
121 - 5n + 5 < 0 list out the AP,
126 - 5n < 0 121, 116, 111, 106, 101, 96,
91, 86, 81, 76, 71, 66,
126 < 5n
61, 56, 51, 46, 41, 36,
5n > 126 31, 26, 21, 16, 11, 6,

n > 25.2
1, -4
n = 26
n = 26
10.
Find the number of terms of the arithmetic progression
a  2b, 3a  3b, 5a  4b,......, 23a  13b
Solution: Tn
a + 2b
List all the terms, 3a + 3b 13a + 8b
5a + 4b 15a + 9b
7a + 5b 17a + 10b
9a + 6b 19a + 11b
11a + 7b 21a + 12b 12th term
23a + 13b

Answer: n = 12
11. Find the value of the first term a and
the common
difference d. Then, calculate the 8th
term of the
(a) progressions.
T 2 =15, T5 =36
Solution:
a + 4d = 36
a + d = 15 Tn = a+ ( n −1) d

3d = 21 T8 = 8 + (8 – 1)(7)

d = 7 = 8 + (7)(7)

from = 57

a + d = 15
a + 7 = 15
a = 15 – 7
=8
11. Find the value of the first term a and
the common
difference d. Then, calculate the 8th
term of the
progressions.
(b) T3 = 138, T5 = 112

(c) Tn = 5 − 2n

(d) T5 = T1 + T2 , T10 = 12
12. Calculate the number of terms in each
arithmetic progressions where the last term of

the progression is given.

(a) 143, 134, 125, 116,…, 62
Solution: a =143
Tn  a  ( n  1) d d = 134 – 143 = - 9

62 = 143 + (n – 1)(-9)
Other method,
143 + (n – 1)(-9) = 62
list out the AP,
143 - 9n + 9 = 62 143, 134, 125, 116, 107, 98,

152 - 9n = 62 89, 80, 71, 62

- 9n = 62 - 152

- 9n = - 90 n = 10

n = 10
12. Calculate the number of terms in each
arithmetic progressions where the last term of

the progression is given.

(b) 2 5 , 5 5 , 8 5 , 11 5 , ..., 26 5

(c) 7, 3, -1, -5,…, -37

(d) 1.2, 2.4, 3.6, …, 24

1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10 = ?
1 + 2 + 3 + …… + 98 + 99 + 100 = ?
 1 + 2 + 3 + …… + 48 + 49 + 50
+ 100 + 99 + 98 + …… + 53 + 52 + 51
101 101 101 101 101 101

50 groups of 101

1 + 2 + 3 + …… + 98 + 99 + 100 = 50 x 101
= 5050
We have more sistematic
way to solve the sum, that
calls

ARITHMETIC
PROGRESSION
Find
a) the sum of the first n terms of arithmetic

progressions.

b) the sum of a specific number of

consecutive terms of arithmetic
progressions.

c) the value of n , given the sum of the first

n terms of arithmetic progressions.
or
n
Sn = (a +l ),
2
S = sum
n = number
a = first term
l = last term
d = common diference
Exerise 1.4
1. Find the sum of the first 12 terms of
the arithmetic progression
-10 , -7 , -4, ……
12
a = -10,
S12 = [2(−10) +(11)(3)]
d = -7-(-10) 2
=3
= 78
 2. Find the sum of all the terms of the 38 , 31 , 24 , …., -18

n a = 38
S n = (a + l )
2 d = 31 - 38
= -7

Tn = 38 + (n − 1)(− 7) = − 18 But
Other method
38 – 7n + 7 = -18 You should find
List outvalue n first.
all the terms.
45 – 7n = -18 38, 31, 24, 17, 10,
3, -4, -11, -18
45 + 18 = 7n S 9 =38+31+ 24+17+10
7n = 63 +3+(-4)+(-11)+(-18)

Now, you can find the sum. = 90

n = 9

9 9
S9 = [2(38) +(8)(−7)] or S9 = [ 38 + (−18)]
2 2
= 90 = 90
 3. For the arithmetic progression -4 , 1 , 6 , …….find the sum
of all the terms from the 6th term to the 14th term.
sum from the 6th term to the 14th term.
T6 + T7 + T8 + T9 + T10 + T11 + T12 + T13 + T14
= S14 (T1 + T2 + T3 + T4 + T5 ) a = -4

= S14 d=5
S5

14
S14 = [ 2(−4) + (13)(5)] sum of all the terms from the
6th term to the 14th term
2
Other method
= 399 = 399 – 30
List out all the terms.
=369 -4, 1, 6, 11, 16, 21, 26,
5 31, 36, 41,46, 51, 56, 61
S 5 = [2( −4) +( 4)(5)] ST 6→T 14
2
= 21+26+31+36+…+56+61
= 30
= 369
How many terms of the arithmetic 3, 8 , 13 ,18 ,
…… must be taken for the sum to be equal to
1575?
SOLUTION:

n
a=3 , d=6 Sn = [ 2(3) + (n − 1)(6)] = 1575
2
n
Sn = [6 + 6n − 6] = 1575
2
n
[6n] =1575
2
3n = 1575
n = 525
Solve problems involving
arithmetic progressions.
The 5th and 9th of arithmetic progression are 4 and 16
respectively.
Find the 15th term. Tn = a + (n − 1)d
SOLUTION:

T5 = a + 4d = 4 Substitute d=3 into a + 4d = 4

a + 4(3) = 4
T9 = a + 8d = 16
a + 12 = 4
a = 4 – 12
T9 = a + 8d = 16 a = -8

T5 = a + 4d = 4
T15 = −8 + (15 − 1)(3)
4d = 12
= −8 + (14)(3)
d =3
= 34
The 5th and 9th of arithmetic progression are 4 and 16
respectively.
Find the 15th term.

Other method

10 ____, 16
7 ____,
w, x, y, z 4, ____,
4 + 10 4 + 16
=7 = 10
2 2
T15 = −8 + (15 − 1)(3)
d=3
w = 7-3 -3-3-3-3
= −8 + (14)(3)
w = -8 = 34
The 2nd and 8th terms of an AP are -9 and 3
respectively.
Fin the first term and the comman difference.
And the sum of 10 terms beginning from
the 12th term.
The sum of the first 6 terms of an arithmetic progression is
39 and the sum of the next 6 terms is -69. Find
a) the first term and the common difference
b) the sum of all the terms from the 15th term to the
25th term.
. The sum of the first n terms is given by

S n  6n 2  3n
Find
b)the nth term in terms of n
c)the common difference
The first three terms of an arithmetic progression are

k  3, k  3, 2k  2
Find
b) the value of k
c) the sum of the first 9 terms of the progression
Given an arithmetic progression -7, -3, 1, …. , state
three consecutive terms in this progression which
sum up to 75
The volume of water in a tank is 450 litres on the first day.
Subsequently, 10 litres of water is added to the tank
everyday.
Calculate the volume , in litres , of water in the tank at the
end of the 7th day.