Protection, Substation Automation, Power Quality and Measurement

6.2 Protection Systems

Synchronization of a generator
Bus

Fig. 6.2-103 shows a typical connection for synchronizing a generator. Paralleling device 7VE6 acquires the line and generator voltage, and calculates the differential voltage, frequency and phase angle. If these values are within a permitted range, a CLOSE command is issued after a specied circuit-breaker make time. If these variables are out of range, the paralleling device automatically sends a command to the voltage and speed controller. For example, if the frequency is outside the range, an actuation command is sent to the speed controller. If the voltage is outside the range, the voltage controller is activated.

52

U1

7VE6 U2 25 U f

Fig. 6.2-103: Synchronization of a generator

5. Busbars
Busbar protection by overcurrent relays with reverse interlocking
Infeed

General note: Applicable to distribution busbars without substantial (< 0.25 IN) backfeed from the outgoing feeders.
52

Reverse interlocking I >, t0 50/50N t0 = 50 ms 52 52 52 I >, t 51/51N 7SJ60

I>

I >, t 7SJ60

I>

I >, t

I>

I >, t

50/50N 51/51N

50/50N 51/51N 7SJ60

50/50N 51/51N 7SJ60

Fig. 6.2-104: Busbar protection by O / C relays with reverse interlocking

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Siemens Energy Sector Power Engineering Guide Edition 7.0