Works Cited Primary Sources Pope Gregory VIII. "Audita Tremendi." Letter. 29 Oct. 1187. The Crusades. N.p.

: n.p., n.d. 190. Print. This papal bull discusses the significance of Saladins capture of Jerusalem, and it highlights the reason why it is the peoples duty to regain control of the city. The Popes call for a Crusade indicates the reasons for it, and mentions the will of God. Also, the Christian perception of Muslims is clearly indicated in the manner in which the opposition is addressed, and in the biased recounting of how the Muslims captured Jerusalem. Richard I, and Saladin. Treaty of Jaffa. 2 Sept. 1192. The document is signed by both Richard I and Saladin, and it states the conditions in which a truce is to be called between the two men. It effectively ended the Third Crusade and revealed many of the results of the Crusade. Primarily, it is stated that free access to Jerusalem is granted to anyone who wishes to engage in an innocent pilgrimage. It also addresses the fact that Christians were free to visit the city, yet the city still belonged to Islam. Richard. Itinerarium Regis Ricardi;. London: S.P.C.K., 1920. Print The Latin narrative recounts the events that occurred during the Third Crusade. The Medieval Sourcebook contains a translated version, and the firsthand experiences that are written are crucial in discovering the incentives behind many events such as the Siege of Acre, and the slaying of the Muslim hostages. Unlike many of the other books we used for research, this was the most credible because the author(s) actually knew what happened, and the retelling was very descriptive. Secondary Sources "The Crusades: A History of Conflict." BBC News. BBC, 24 Apr. 2006. Web. The article gives a brief overview of all the Crusades which aided us in our complete understanding, and it relates many of the events to the present-day. The perspectives of modern Muslims and the Christians are addressed, in which the effect of the Crusades can be seen. The source also provided an invaluable quote from Pope John Paul II in the near past that apologizes for the actions caused in the crusades, which includes the Third Crusade.

Crusades%20Secondary%20Ed%20Lesson. N.p.: n.p., n.d. PDF. The lesson plan provided a couple of useful pictures and depictions of Saladin, and it described Saladin with detail and very differently than other sources. Also, the bibliography led to many other sources that helped with our research. Empires: Richard the Lionheart and Saladin--Holy Warriors, Part 1. PBS, 2005. DVD. The video was a very informative documentary that gave us a great original understanding of what the Third Crusade was about, and many of the major results that originated from it. Along with giving historical information, it also emphasized the importance of Saladin and King Richard to the Crusade and included detailed analysis from many expert historians. Engels, Friedrich. The Decline of Feudalism and the Rise of the Bourgeoisie. 1884. MS. Berlin DDR, n.p The manuscript is an experts view on feudalism and how it ended, and that aided us in our understanding of the topic. With better understanding, we could better relate feudalism to the Third Crusade and the role it had. The fact that the essay mentioned the elevation of the upper middle class reflects on the increased trade and freedom that was a result of the Third Crusade. Hilliam, David. Richard the Lionheart and the Third Crusade: The English King Confronts Saladin, AD 1191. New York: Rosen Pub. Group, 2004. Print. The book gave a simplified background of the previous crusades and went into depth with the Third Crusade. The book contributed to the Effects tab because a schapter in the bookd escrbes the effects and consequences of the Third Crusade. Pictures used on the Contact Between Two Cultures tab are located inside this book. "Institute of Arabic and Islamic Studies." Institute of Arabic and Islamic Studies. N.p., n.d. Web. The website gave detailed information about life and history of Saladin from a Muslim perspective. The main resource provided from the website were the quotes that were included from Saladin, and about Saladin. "Jerusalem Peace Treaty of Jaffa." Jerusalem Peace Treaty of Jaffa. N.p., n.d. Web. It is a useful website that provided the English translation of the Treaty of Jaffa, along with the document in many other languages.

Lawson, Rich. "Richard and Saladin: Warriors of the Third Crusade." Shadowed Realm Announcements. N.p., n.d. Web. The article provides an analysis of the correlation between many primary sources and the results of the Crusades. It addresses many important books and quotations that helped us when looking for our sources. Also, the author discusses the various perceptions that Saladin and Richard the Lionheart gave off, and their detailed personalities and traits. Middle-ages.org.uk. N.p., n.d. Web. The website provided basic information on Saladin and Richard, as well as a timeline for each on the most important events in their lives. Also, it discusses the impact the Third Crusade had on feudalism, and the style of government in England and many other places. Phillips, Jonathan. The Crusades, 1095-1197. Harlow: Longman, 2002. Print. The book provided key documents such as the Pope Gregory VIIIs Audita Tremendi, and a testimony to Saladins generosity. Those documents were important in determining the true purpose of the Third Crusade, and the personalities of the leaders during the Crusade. "Selected Sources: The Crusades." Fordham Internet History Sourcebooks. N.p., n.d. Web. The sourcebook provided access to many excerpts from Itinerarium Regis Ricardi and other books based off of the crusades. In general, it was a very efficient place to find sources and primary documents that were essential to our research. "The Third Crusade (1189-1192 A.D.)." Randy's Linked Page 3. N.p., n.d. Web. The website provided notable quotes from individuals such as Baha' ad-Din Ibn Shaddad that describe Saladin and Richard. The quotes provide a better understanding of how others thought of them, and a better understanding of their physical appearance and personality. Tyerman, Christopher. God's War: A New History of the Crusades. Cambridge, MA: Belknap of Harvard UP, 2006. Print. The book provides a modern day view on the Crusades and is able to accurately interpret the information and events that occurred without being too subjective or impartial. The book also has a wide assortment of images and maps that give of a good idea of how the Crusades were throughout history, which brought us a greater depth of knowledge and understanding on the

Third Crusade. The specific information on the Third Crusade was informative and helped us to reach our conclusions on its effects. Warren, W. L. King John. Berkeley: University of California, 1978. Print. The book discusses the life of John, brother of Richard, and it contained an in-depth account of his actions while Richard was away on the Third Crusade. These actions made a significant impact on the Third Crusade because they distracted Richard from his duty as a Crusader and prompted his return. Also, it gives insight of the long-term effect of the Third Crusade on John as rises in power and becomes King, eventually succumbing to the people and signing the Magna Carta. The Magna Carta impacted, not only the form of government of England, but helped spread Democratic ideas throughout the world.