Folasade Reynolds iLab, Week # 6 CRUDE OIL DISTILLATION Introduction The purpose of this lab experiment is to distill crude

oil and to determine how the chemical properties influence the temperature it distills out of the crude oil. The distillation of a substance is based on the boiling points. When the crude oil is brought to a boil, at 275 degrees Celsius, the gasoline and kerosene are distilled, but the lubricant remains as part of the crude oil.

Procedure Obtain a 100mL round bottom flask. Place it on a heating mantel. Retrieve a distillation head and attach it to the round bottom flask. Attach a distillation take-off to the distillation head. Place a graduated cylinder under the distillation take-off. Put 50mL of crude oil into the round bottom flask. The grams of gasoline, kerosene, and lubricant oils will be given to you. To begin distillation, turn heating mantel to max heat. Be sure to watch the temperature. When the oil starts to boil, bring the temperature down 60% by decreasing the heat twice. Maintain the level of heating. Record the temperature when the oil first boils. Record the temperature when the first drop falls into the cylinder. You will be asked how many mL there are at certain temperatures listed in the table below.

Observations and Results Temperature at which crude oil begins to boil 80 degrees Temperature at which first drop falls from the end of the condenser 92 degrees Initial Chemical Properties of Crude Oil 13.500001 g Gasoline 16.000000 g Kerosene 20.500000 g Lubricating Oils

Table 1: Temp (F/C) 100/38 125/52 150/66 Volume (ml) 0 0 0 % Distilled (Vol/50) x 100 0 0 0

175/79 200/93 225/107 250/121 275/135 300/149 325/163 350/177 375/191 400/204 425/218 450/232 475/246 500/260 527/275 Table 2: Volume 5 ml 25 ml Distillate Color Brownish color Greyish color

0 1 3 5 7 9 11 12 13 15 19 23 25 27 29

0 1% 6% 10% 14% 18% 22% 24% 26% 30% 38% 46% 50% 54% 58%

Temperature 121 degrees Celsius 246 degrees Celsius

Table 3: Component Order Volume (ml) Density (g/ml)

Gasoline Kerosene Lubricating Oils

1 2 n/a

13 14 n/a

1.03 1.06 N/A

Discussion When the oil began to boil, the milliliters increased by two almost every time at the given temperatures. When the boil reached 275 degrees Celsius, gasoline and kerosene were distilled, but the lubricant oils remained. Conclusion The lubricating oils in the crude oil are heavier than gasoline and kerosene. If the boiling of the crude oil would have continued, the lubricant oils would have eventually slowly distilled.