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Identifying the Key Sentence in a Paragraph

I. II. Learning Objectives Identify the key sentence in a paragraph Identify the details that support the key sentence

Subject Matter A. Topic: Identifying the key sentence in a paragraph Identifying the details that support the key sentence Quick History of Chocolate B. References: PELC III 4.1.2 C. Materials: strips of cartolina Value Focus: Generosity

III. Procedure A. Preparatory Activities Motivation Ask: Who among you likes to eat chocolates? What is your favorite brand of chocolate candy? Have your ever wondered how this yummy food came to be? Would you like to find out how?

Unlocking of Difficulties 1. Tell the pupils that they are going to learn some new words before reading the story. 2. Present these sentences to the pupils. Let them read all the underlined words. a. Not a single dinosaur lives now because it doesnt exist anymore. b. Ancient people lived millions of years ago. c. I like to try different flavors of beverages. d. Chewable medicines can be taken easily. e. There is a formula in getting the area of a triangle. f. We extract oil from coconuts when we cook its meat. g. Liquor such as wine, brandy and whisky are not for school age children.

B. Development of the Lesson Presentation Quick History of Chocolate Most of us now take solid chocolate especially candy bars so much for granted we find it hard to imagine a time when chocolates didnt exist. However, this delicious food became an eating favorite only about one hundred and fifty years ago. The ancient people of Central America began cultivating cacao beans almost three thousand years ago. A cold drink made from beans is served to Hernando Cortes, the Spanish conqueror, when he arrives at the Aztec court of Montezuma in 1519. The Spaniards took the beverage home to their king. He liked it so much that he kept the formula a secret. For the next hundred years, hot chocolate was the private drink of the Spanish nobility. Slowly, it makes its way into fashionable courts of France, England, and Austria. In 1657, a Frenchman living in London opened a shop where blocks for making the beverage were sold at a high price. Soon chocolate houses appeared in cities throughout Europe. Wealthy clients met in them, sipped chocolate, conducted business, and gossip. During the 1800s, chocolate became a chewable food. The breakthrough came in 1828, when cocoa butter was extracted from the bean. Twenty years later, an English firm mixed the butter with chocolate liquor, which resulted in the first solid chocolate. Milton Hersheys first candy bar came on the scene 1894, and Tootsie Rolls hit the market two years later. The popularity of chocolate bars soared during World War I when they were given to soldiers for fast energy. M & Ms gave the industry another boost during World War II; soldiers needed a candy that wouldnt melt in their hands. On the average, Americans today eat ten pounds of hard chocolate a year. Their number one choice is Snickers, which sells more than a billion bars every year. However, Americans consume far less chocolate than many Western Europeans. The average Dutch person gobbles up more than fifteen pounds a year, while a Swiss pack away almost twenty pounds Chocolate is obviously an international favorite. Comprehension Check-up 1. Who were the first people to cultivate the cacao beans? 2. What did they do with cacao beans? 3. Where was the drinking of hot chocolate a favorite among the wealthy people? 4. When did chocolate become a chewable food? 5. Why were chocolate bars given to soldiers during World War I?

6. Why were only the wealthy people in Europe drank hot chocolate? 7. Do you agree with the decision of the Spanish King to keep the formula for hot chocolate a secret? 8. Should growing children like you eat too much chocolates? Why? Values Integration Ask: What can you say about the Spanish king who kept the formula of the hot chocolate a secret? What was his intention in keeping it a secret? As Grade V pupils, what can you say/share with other children like you? How will you share these things with others?

Analysis and Discussion 1. Say: Lets go to the selection. Look for the key sentence in every Paragraph. Ask: What is the key sentence of paragraph 1? 2? 3? 4? Ask: What is paragraph 1 about? What is the topic of paragraph 1? Which of the sentences in the paragraph tells about this topic? 2. Tell pupils that this is the key sentence and the rest of the sentences in the paragraph are called supporting details. Ask: What information are given in paragraph 1 about the topic stated in the key sentence? What do you call these sentences? Ask: The same questions with paragraphs 2, 3, and 4. Generalization Ask: What is a key sentence? It is the sentence which states the topic or main idea of the paragraph. What are the supporting details? They are sentences in a paragraph which give information related to the topic.

C. Post Activities Application Read and analyze the following paragraphs. Choose the key sentence in each of them and write it on your answer sheets. 1. There are different steps in solving a problem in Mathematics. First, read the problem carefully and find out what is asked. Next, look for the given facts, then think of the process to be used. Finally, solve for the answer.

2. Water is used for drinking. We also use it for bathing. It is used for cooking and washing dirty clothes. Water has many uses. Enrichment Read the following paragraphs. Encircle the key sentence and underline the details that support the key sentence. 1. The python is a huge, non-poisonous snake. Pythons live in Africa, Asia and Australia. Although this reptile is not poisonous, it is deadly. The python kills its prey by wrapping itself around it and crushing it. Pythons have very strong bodies. They grow from three to thirty feet long and can weigh up to 300 pounds. 2. The longest mountain ranges on earth are not found on land but underwater in oceans. They are called the mid-ocean ridges. They rise thousands of meters from the ocean floor. In a few places, they surface as islands as in the case of Azores Islands in the Atlantic Ocean. IV. Evaluation

Read the following paragraphs. Underline the key sentence and encircle the supporting details. 1. The moon affects bodies of water on Earth. The moons gravitational poll lifts the sea like a wave. The water rises very slowly because it is a long moving wave. The waves motion reaches to the sea and to the shoreline. This forward and backward moving wave is called tide. 2. The moons pull accounts for both high tides and low tides. The moon pulls hardest on the past of Earth nearest it, lifting the water on that part of Earth. The water bulges out toward the moon. Where the bulge is greatest, it is known as high tide. When the moon is on the horizon and the bulge is the lowest, it is our ebb tide. V. Assignment

1. Write 45 supporting details to the given key sentence. I am a unique person 1. __________________________ 2. __________________________ 3. __________________________ 2. Write a paragraph using the given key sentence and the supporting details.

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