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Part II
IV Drugs & IVF
Chapter 4
Interpretation/Calculati
ng Medication Dosages
Ratio – is the relationship of two
quantities
1:10 , 1:2500
1/10 , 1/2500
Interpretation/Calculati
ng Medication Dosages
RATIO
¼ = 3/12
Example:
1 grain = x grain
60 mg 15 mg
60 x = 15
x = 15/60
x = .25 grain
Example:
The physician orders 7 ½ grains of
aminophylline po for a client. On hand
are aminophylline tablets 500 mg. How
many tablets are required for one dose?
GIVEN:
1 gram = x gram
15 grain 7.5 grain
15 x = 7.5
x = 0.5 g (500mg)
Example:
How many mg of nitroglycerin are
in one 1/150 grain tablet of the
drug?
Given:
1 gram = x gram
15 grains 1/150 grains
15 x = 1/150 = .0067
x = 0.0004g = 0.4 mg
Calculation of
Fractional Doses:
ratio and proportion
Example:
The Md orders 1,000,000 units of Pen G
for a patient. The pen G on hand is
available as a solution containing
250,000 units/ml
250,000 units = 1, 000,000
units
1 ml x ml
250,000x = 1,000,000
x = 4 ml
Example 1:
The physician orders 250 mcg of
Vitamin B12 IM daily. The vitamin
on hand is labeled 1,000mcg/ml.
How many ml should be given to
the patient?
Example 2:
A patient is to be given 25 mg
Diphenhydramine po and is
available as 12.5mg/5ml prep..
How many ml should be given?
Example 3:
A medication order calls for 750
mg calcium lactate to be given TID
PO. On hand are tablets of calcium
lactate 0.5 g. How many tablets
should be given for each dose?
Calculation of Dosages
Based on Weight
The physician orders
thiabendazole chewable tablets for
a 110 pound child. The
recommended dosage is 20
mg/kg/dose. How many 500 mg
tablets should be given to this
patient for each dose.
Calculation of Dosages
Based on Weight
Convert weight to kg
20 mg = x mg
1 kg 50 kg
x = 1000 mg
500 mg = 1000mg
1 tab x tab
x = 2 tablets per dose
Example:
The recommended dose of
Meperidine is 6mg/kg/day for pain.
It is given every 4 to 6 hours. How
many ml of Demerol injection
50mg/ml should be administered
to a 33 pound child as a single
dose every 6 hours?
Cont.
Calculate the daily dose for a 33-
pound child
6mg/ 1 kg (2.2lb) = x mg / 33 lb
x = 90 mg Demerol / day
Cont.
Calculate the number of ml of
demerol injection 50 mg/ml
needed for the daily dose
50 mg/ 1 ml = 90 mg/ x ml
Cont.
Calculate the number of ml to be
given every 6 hours
1.8 ml/ 24 h = x ml/ 6 h
24 x = 10.8
x = 0.45 ml
Calculations Involving
Intravenous
Administration
How long will it take to complete
an IV infusion of 1.5 L of D5 W
being administered at the rate of
45 drops /min? The IV set is
calibrated to deliver 15 drops/ml.
Calculations Involving
Intravenous
Administration
Determine the number of ml/min
being infused
Drop rate of IV set =
15 gtt/1ml = 45gtt/ x ml
15 x = 45
x = 3 ml/min
Calculations Involving
Intravenous
Administration
Calculate the number of ml/hour
An IV piggyback of Cefazolin
500mg in 100ml/hour is ordered.
The piggyback IV set is calibrated
to deliver 10 gtts.ml. How many
drops/min. should be
administered?
Calculations Involving
Piggyback IV Infusion
100 ml/ 60 min. = x ml/ min.
60 x = 100
x = 1.7 ml/ min.
Flow rate:
Drop rate
10 gtt/ min./ 1min. = x gtt/ 1.7 ml
X = 17 gtt/ min.
Calculations Involving
Piggyback IV Infusion
Daily fluid requirement
2000ml of electrolyte solution
administered 24 hours and that
Cefazolin sodium 500 mg in 100
ml/hr is ordered QID. The number
od ml/day and the times of the
piggybank infusion must be
subtracted from the daily fluid
requirement.