Breadboard

Multimeter PCB/ECB
Solder Iron

This is the base for setting up the circuit.

Consists of metal strips forming a grid of connections inside its body Allows us to take multiple connections from a single point without any need of soldering/disordering as in PCB/ECB

Resistors Capacitor

Diode

Types
Fixed carbon Rheostat

Fixed wire-wound

LDRs

Potentiometer

Thermistors

How voltage depends on the intensity of light?

What is the material of the track made on the LDR?

A resistor may have one or more fixed tapping points so that the resistance can be changed by moving the connecting wires to different terminals.

Device for storing electric charge

Cathode Anode 7F 16v

Electronic Capacitor: Have specific polarity

Ceramic Capacitor: Dont have fixed polarity

C = 15x10^4 pF

It is a two-terminal electronic component that conducts electric current in only one direction.
Thin bar depicts the cathode

Biasing-It is a method of establishing predetermined voltages and/or current at various points of an electronic circuit to set an appropriate operating point

Si diode
Rating1000v/1.5A

Ge diode

Rectification : Rectifiers are constructed from diodes, where they are used to convert alternating current (AC) electricity into direct current (DC). Over voltage protection

Used as a voltage regulator

Emits light in forward bias.

Low Power Device

Current should be less than 20 mA 220 ohm resistance connected in series with LED

Used to display the outputs at various stages of the circuit

Binary device which interrupts the flow of electrons in a circuit by any physical or chemical process

Pole

No. of contacts/levers

Throw

No. of contact positions/ways/switching positions

Solenoid is used to actuate a set of switch contacts

Controls a large amount of current and/or voltage with small electrical signal Acts as binary amplifier (controls one electrical signal with other)