Cursul 2 Coninut: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Familia i gradele de rudenie; Prezentul simplu (formare, utilizare); Prezentul continuu (formare, utilizare); Numeralul n limba englez; Calendarul (exprimarea orei i a datei); Substantivul (clasificare, plural); Propoziii interogative; Shopping (magazine, mrfuri, consignaie). 1. FAMILIA SI RUDELE (THE FAMILY) parents = prini o father, daddy = tat, ttic o mother, mummy = mam, mmic child / children = copil / copii boy = son / girl = daughter biat / fiu = fat / fiic brother / sister = frate / sor grandparents = bunici o grandfather = grandpa = bunic o grandmother = grandma = granny = big mama (slang) = bunic, mamaie grandchildren = nepoi de bunici o grandson = nepot o granddaughter = nepoat great grandparents = strbunici, strmoi uncle = unchi i aunt = mtu (auntie = mtuic) nephew = nepot de unchi, - niece = nepoat de unchi cousin = verior () familia obinut prin cstorie se numete folosind cuvntul din familia de baz + expresia in law ex: father in law = socru son in law = ginere sister in law = cumnat godfather = na i - godmother = na (botez) best man = na i - maid of honor = na (nunt) familia obinut prin recstorire (vitreg) se numete folosind familia iniial dar cu step nainte: ex: step father = tat vitreg step son = fiu vitreg step sister = sor vitreg relative, relation = rud near relation = rud apropiat (distant = ndeprtat) relation in law = rud prin alian kinship = rudenie nick name = porecl pet - name Christian name = nume de botez to marry = a se cstori (married = cstorit) 1

7.
8.

 husband and wife = so i soie to divorce = a divora (divorced = divorat) to engage = a se logodi (engaged = logodit) to have broken off the engagement = a rupe logodna single (bachelor, spinster) = singur (celibatar, celibatar) fianc(e) = logodnic () groom = mire --> bride = mireas Are you a large family? = Suntei o familie numeroas? What is your maiden name? = Care este numele dvs. de domnioar ? When did you get married? = Cnd v-ai cstorit? Who is your sister married to? = Cu cine e mritat sora ta ? Shes married to doctor Gray. = E mritat cu doctoral Gray. When are (were) you born? = Cnd suntei nscut? I was born on May 28, 1965. = M-am nscut pe 28.05. 65. How old are you? = Ce vrst avei? Im thirty-eight (years old). = Am 38 de ani. You look much younger. You dont look your age. = Pari mai tnr, nu ari vrsta. Im getting (growing old) = mbtrnesc You look older. You seem to have grown old. = Ari mai n vrst. Ari mbtrnit. How old is your husband? = Ce vrst are soul? He is : the same age (aceeai), my junior by ten years (mai mic cu 10 ani), my senior by ten years (mai mare) To be under age = a fi minor To be of age = a fi major Full age =majorat In his (her) prime = n floarea vrstei Middle-aged = ntre dou vrste Elderly = vrstnic() The late = decedat / defunct I have an eight years old daughter = am o fat de 8 ani I have two grown-up children = am 2 copii mari Voi mplini 40 ani luna viitoare = I shall be forty next month Am mplinit 40 ani luna trecut = I was forty last month 2. PREZENTUL SIMPLU

Se formeaz astfel :
- afirmativ :I, we, you, they + verb (infinitiv scurt) he, she, it + verb (inf sc) + s - negativ: I, we, you, they + DO + NOT (DONT) + verb (inf sc) he, she, it + DOES + NOT (DOESNT) + verb (fr s) - interogativ: DO + I, we, you, they + verb (inf) ? DOES + he, she, it + verb(fr s)? Ex: Does he speak English? (El vorbete englezete? Da/nu) Yes, he speaks English No, he doesnt speak English. Atenie! Pentru el/ea (pers. III sing.) se pune s NUMAI la afirmativ! La negativ si-n ntrebare s este preluat de auxiliar (DOES). Reguli de ortografie pentru s: 2

Ex:

1. verbele terminate n o, s, x, sh, ch primesc mai nti e i apoi s. I do he does (a face), I pass he passes (a trece) You wash she washes (a spla), you watch she watches (a privi)

2. verbele terminate n y care are nainte o consoan l schimb n i i primesc es.

Ex: I try he tries (a ncerca), you cry she cries (a plnge) Observaie! Aceste reguli nu se aplic verbelor terminate n th (prima regul) i cnd y are nainte vocal. Ex: I play football he plays football.

Se traduce n romnete prin prezent. Utilizarea prezentului simplu:

1. pentru a exprima aciuni repetate, stri repetate i obiceiuri din prezent. Ex: I watch TV every evening (Privesc la TV n fiecare sear) I always wake up early (M trezesc ntotdeauna devreme) Observaie! Se folosesc dou tipuri de adverbe: a. de frecven (arat de cte ori se petrece aciunea) care se pun naintea verbului. Aceste adverbe pot fi: always (ntotdeauna), usually (de obicei), often (adesea),sometimes (cteodat), rarely (rar), never (niciodat). Atenie! Adverbul never este negativ ceea ce oblig folosirea verbului la afirmativ. n limba englez NU exist dou negaii n aceeai propoziie (ca-n romn). Ex: He never says something like that. El nu spune niciodat ceva de genul acesta. b. de timp: adverbele de timp se pun la sfritul sau la nceputul propoziiei, NU se intercaleaz! Pot fi: today (astzi), this week/month/year/Sunday (sptmna aceasta, luna aceasta, anul acesta), every day / evening / week / month / Sunday / summer (n fiecare zi, sear, lun, duminic, var, etc), at present (n prezent), once in a blue moon (la patele cailor). 2. pentru a exprima aciuni permanente. Ex: We live in Galai (locuim n Galai). 3. pentru a exprima adevruri general valabile. Ex: The sun rises in the East (soarele rsare la est). 4. pentru a exprima aciuni viitoare NUMAI cnd sunt oficial planificate i anunate (orar mijloace de transport, conferine, spectacole, etc). In aceast situaie se traduce prin viitor! Ex: The plane takes off at 18:30 tomorrow. Avionul va decola mine la 18:30. 5. tot cu valoare de viitor (se traduce prin viitor), prezentul simplu se folosete n fraza condiional (regula I) pentru c n lb. englez NU avem voie s punem viitor dup IF (dac): Ex: If I have money I will buy that car. Dac voi avea bani, voi cumpra acea main. Aceeai situaie exist i n propoziiile temporale ptr. c nu avem voie s punem viitor dup WHEN (cnd), AS SOON AS (de ndat ce), AFTER (dup), BEFORE (nainte). Ex: As soon as he arrives he will cal you. De ndat ce va ajunge, te va suna. APLICATIE: EVERYDAY ACTIVITIES (activiti zilnice) I get out of bed at quarter to seven in the morning. I open the window and I do my morning exercises in front of the open window. I brush my teeth and I have a shower. I dry myself quickly on a towel and I get dressed. I have my breakfast and I leave for my office at half past seven. 3

At four oclock, when the program is over, I go home. I have my dinner and after a short rest, I go out shopping, if necessary. In the evening I watch TV, listen to music or read something. My friends often come to see me in the evening. We talk and drink a glass of wine. PREZENTUL CONTINUU

Se formeaz astfel:
- afirmativ : I they + TO BE (prezent) + verb + ing - negativ: I they + TO BE (prez) + NOT + verb + ing - interogativ: TO BE (prez) + I they + verb + ing? Is he watching TV now? Yes, he is watching TV now. No, he is not (isnt) watching TV now.

Ex:

Se traduce prin present. Utilizarea prezentului continuu

1. pentru a exprima aciuni aflate n desfurare n momentul vorbirii. Ca adverbe de timp se folosesc : now (acum), at this moment (n acest moment). Ex: I am reading now (citesc acum). 2. pentru a exprima aciuni sau stri temporare dar care au loc ntr-o perioad prezent. Ca adverbe se folosesc : today (astzi), this week / month / year (sptmna aceasta, luna aceasta, anul acesta), at present (n prezent). Ex: Im working hard this month (Lucrez din greu luna asta). Ex : 3. pentru a exprima aciuni repetate care l deranjeaz pe vorbitor prin frecvena lor You are always asking me stupid questions ! mi pui mereu ntrebri stupide !

4. pentru a exprima aranjamente pentru viitor NUMAI cnd vorbitorul a planificat, a aranjat deja ce are de fcut. In aceast situaie se traduce prin viitor. Ex : - What are you doing next week end ? - Im having dinner with my sister in law. (Ce vei face n urmtorul week end? Voi lua masa cu cumnata mea.) Reguli de ortografie la adugarea terminaiei ing Ex: 1. Verbele terminate n ie transform n y+ing lie lying, die dying, tie tying (a sta ntins, a se ntinde / a muri, a disprea, sfri / a lega, ngrdi) 2. Verbele terminate n e l pierd smoke smoking, hope hoping (a fuma / a spera) 3. Se dubleaz consoana final dac verbul se termin n alternana consoan vocal consoan i are o silab sau are mai multe silabe i ultima e accentuat. stop stopping (a opri), plan planning (a plnui, planifica), regret regretting (regreta), begin beginnig (a ncepe)

Ex: Ex:

NUMERALUL Exist mai multe tipuri de numeral : NUMERALUL CARDINAL 1 one, 2 two, 3 three, 12 twelve (vezi pagina xerografiata) - numeralele ntre 13 19 se formeaz cu terminaia teen , de unde i teen age = adolescen. Ex : 13 thirteen, 19 nineteen - numeralele din 10 n 10 se formeaz cu terminaia ty Ex: 20 twenty, 80 eighty - ntre zeci i uniti se pune liniu de unire. Ex: 22 = twenty two, 45 = fourty five Atenie! Zecile au form de plural numai n situaiile de genul: tens and tens of people = zeci i zeci de oameni; the seventies = anii 70 - sutele, miile i milioanele NU se pun la plural cnd sunt numrate dar au form de plural pentru: hundreds and hundreds of books = sute i sute de cri - miile, sutele se leag prin and de celelalte numerale Ex: two hundread and twenty-five = 225 - mie = thousand, milion = million, miliard = billion - zero se citete [zir u] n tiin Ex: 10o ten degrees above / below zero Se citete [ u] n numere de telefon i-n vorbirea obinuit Se citete [nil] n sport The score is three to nil (scorul e 3:0) Se citete [n t] = nought ca echivalentul ptr. nimic din romn NUMERALUL ORDINAL Se formeaz din numeralul cardinal la care se adaug terminaia th. Numai primele trei au forme definite. Arat ordinea sau poziia ntr-un ir. Ex: the first = primul, the second = al doilea, the third = al treilea, the four+th = al patrulea, etc. Atenie! Numeralul ordinal trebuie s aib nainte articolul hotrt the chiar i cnd e scris ca cifr. Ex: the fourth = the 4th NUMERALUL FRACTIONAR Fracia ordinar: la numrtor avem un numeral cardinal, iar la numitor unul ordinal. Cand sunt scrise n litere, se leag prin cratim. Pentru cifre mari se folosete over (pe/peste) i se citete cifr cu cifr pentru evitarea confuziei. Ex: 1/4=one-fourth, 5/9= five-ninth Dar 6/243 = six over two-four-three . Fracia zecimal: acolo unde romanii pun virgul, englezii pun punct i invers. Ex: 1.600=1,600=one thousand and six hundred 1,32=1.32=one point three two. Procentual: % = per cent, 10% = ten per cent. NUMERALUL COLECTIV Exprim ideea de plural ntr-o form de singular: COUPLE= doi, dou, cuplu _ a couple of days (2 zile) 5

PAIR=2, pereche _ a pair of shoes ( o pereche de pantofi) DOZEN=duzin _ three dozen of eggs ( 3 duzini de ou) GROSS=12 dozen GREAT GROSS=12 gross=144 dozen.

NUMERALUL MULTIPLICATIV Cu excepia primelor dou, se formeaz din numeralul cardinal + TIMES Ex: OANCE-o dat , TWICE ( de dou ori ), THREE TIMES ( de trei ori), FOUR TIMES ( de 4 ori), etc. Pentru acest tip de numeral exist i o form folosit n limbaj ethnic. Ex: SINGLE (1), DOUBLE (2), TRIPLE (3), FOURFOLD (4), TENFOLD (10), etc. Numeral cardinal + AT A TIME Ex: one at a time ( unul odat ), two at a time ( 2 odat ) Numeral cardinal + BY+ numeral cardinal. Ex: one by one ( unul cate unul), two by two ( 2 cate doi) Numeral cardinal+AND+numeral cardinal Ex: two and two ( 2 i cu 2), three and three ( 3 i cu 3). BY THE+numeral cardinal, colectiv Ex: by the hundred ( cu suta ) , by the dozen ( cu duzina ). APROXIMATIA Se exprim prin cuvinte ca: ABOUT=cam, cca, n jur de ; ALMOST=NEARLY (aproape), approximately=aproximativ. Ex: this car is about 5,000 USD ( maina asta e n jur de 5.000 $). DEPASIREA Se exprim prin cuvinte ca: OVER=peste, MORE THAN=mai mult de, AND MORE=pe puin Ex: This car is over 5,000 $; This car is more than 5,000$; This car is 5,000 $ and more. EXPRIMAREA OREI What time is it? (cat e ceasul?) Oclock

(-) (+) To Past

Quarter

Half A.M = antemeridian ( diminea); P.M = postmeridian (seara); 9:00 = Its nine o,clock; 9:10 = Its ten minutes past nine; 9:15 = Its quarter past nine; 9:30 = Its half past nine; 9:45 = Its quarter to ten; 9:50 = ts ten minutes to ten; 12 = Its noon (pranzul) 6

Its midnight (miezul nopii). In system american: 3:10 = three ten, 5:15 = five fifteen, 20:40 = twenty forty, 12:00 = twelve hundred. CALENDARUL The days of the week are (zilele sptmanii sunt): MONDAY = luni, TUESDAY = mari, WEDNESDAY = miercuri, THURSDAY = joi, FRIDAY = vineri, SATURDAY = sambt, SUNDAY = duminic. The months of the year are ( lunile anului sunt): JANUARY JULY FEBRUARY AUGUST MARCH SEPTEMBER APRIL OCTOBER MAY NOVEMBER JUNE DECEMBER ATENTIE! Lunile anului i zilele sptmanii se scriu cu liter mare indifferent de poziia lor in propoziie, pe cand anotimpurile NU!!!! EXPRIMAREA DATEI (the date): What day is today? Today is : the 2nd of January 1998 January 2, 1998. Anul se citete fie ntreg, fie n dou buci. De obicei englezii pun ntai luna i apoi ziua ( n scris). The four seasons are: spring = primvara, autumn = toamna summer = vara, , winter = iarna. Atenie! In englez anotimpurile nu se articuleaz (the). Ex: The farmers work the land in spring. (fermierii lucreaz pmantul primvara). Momentele zilei: in the morning = dimineaa, at noon = la pranz, in the afternoon = dupamiaza, in the evening = seara, at midnight = la miezul nopii, at dawn = n zori, at night = noaptea (by night), by day = ziua. SUBSTANTIVUL Clasificare: o Substantive proprii: denumesc fiine, locuri, evenimente istorice, naionaliti, lunile, zilele, etc. Acestea se scriu cu liter mare oriunde ar fi in propozitie Ex: Dan gray, England, London, World war I, Englishman, Sunday, January. o Substantive commune: care se impart n mai multe categorii; o Substantive commune concrete: numesc persoane neprecizate, plante, animale, fenomene, lucruri ce pot fi atinse cu mana; Ex: boy-girl, flower-tree, dog-cat, rain-snow, chair.

o Substantive comune abstracte: numesc stri, sentimente, noiuni generale, aciuni.

Ex: sadness, blues, love, hate, fight, motif, dream. o Substantive commune colective: la singular numesc o pluralitate de obiecte sau persoane similare considerate a fi un tot unitar. Ex: army ( armat ), team(echip), people (grup de oameni); o Substantive comune numrabile: au atat form de plural cat i de singular Ex: boy-boys, girl-girls;

o Substantive comune nenumrabile: NU au decat form de singular, chiar dac n romn

traducem cu plural. Nu primesc n faa lor articolul nehotrat a/an. Se folosesc NUMAI cu verbul la singular. Ex: The information is interesting. Informaiile sunt interesante.

GENUL SUBSTANTIVELOR o Masculin: pentru fiine de sex brbtesc Ex: boy, man, brother, bull, cock; o Feminin: pentru fiine de sex femeiesc. Ex: girl, woman, sister, cow; o Neutru: pentru obiecte sau fiine al cror sex nu conteaz. Ex: house, table, cat, dog, baby; o Comun: pentru substantive care au aceiai form la ambele genuri Ex: teacher, doctor, child, friend, pupil, engineer, writer. NUMARUL SUBSTANTIVELOR o Singular: este forma din dicionar. Numete o singur fiin sau un singur lucru. o Plural: numete mai multe fiine/lucruri. Se obine adugand s la sfaritul formei de singular. Ex: boy-boys, book-books. EXCEPTII: Subst. terminate n o, x, s, z, ch, sh, primesc es. Ex: fox-foxes, bus - buses, watch-watches. Subst. terminate n y care are nainte o consoan, l transform n i+es. Ex: baby-babies, country-countries, hobby-hobbies. Obs. Regulile nu se aplic pentru cele terminate n th sau cand y are nainte o vocal. Ex: month-months, toy - toys Subst. terminate n f sau fe la plural se transform n ves Ex: leaf-leaves, wolf-wolves, elf-elves Excepii: chief-chiefs, dwarf-dwarfs, cliff-cliffs, grief-griefs, roof-roofs, proof-proofs. Subst. preluate din limba strin primesc s direct, nu se supun regulilor. Ex: piano-pianos, photo-photos, soprano-sopranos. SUBSTANTIVE CU PLURAL NEREGULAT Exist dou categorii: Substantive care i schimb forma la plural: Man men foot feet Woman women tooth teeth Mouse mice child children Goose geese ox oxen Substantive care fie au dou forme de plural fie au dou traduceri: Ex: die( zar, matri ) dies = matrie dice =zaruri index (index) indexes (indexuri) indices (indici, indicatori). Medium ( mediu, pers) mediums ( pers ) media (mass-media, multimedia ). Custom (obicei, tradiie) customs (obiceiuri/vam) 8

Damage (avarie, stricciune) damages (avarii / despgubiri) Pain (durere) pains (dureri, osteneal) Manner (s) = mod moduri, maniere / purtare Receipt chitane; receipts = chitane, ncasri Return = napoiere / redare returns = napoieri / venituri Advice sfat advices = informaii, comunicri, tiri Bearing = conduit bearings = direcie, poziie relativ Practice practic practices = mainaii Work munc works = mecanismul unui ceas / maini Cost cost, pre costs = cheltuieli Nume de culori la plural blues = melodie trist, stare de melancolie, deprimare greens = verdeuri, fete tinere, dolari whites = albatri, lenjerie grays = haine gri, cai cenuii

Substantive nenumrabile Nu primesc s, a / an i se folosesc cu verbul la singular. Luck advice equipment business light Nonsense luggage knowledge money news Information furniture fun merchandise Happiness peace bread meat Sand rice progress thunder Substantive numai cu form de plural boli i stri: blues, hysterics mbrcminte din dou pri: pants, jeans, overalls, shorts instrumente: glasses, scissors tiine, obiecte de studiu: economics, informatics, mathematics nume geografice: the Alps, the Carpathians pri ale corpului: vitals, genitals diverse: customs, damages, means, manners, stairs, thanks

Substantive compuse s se adaug la ultimul cuvnt, cnd e considerat tot unitar Ex: class fellows forget me nots 20years olds Grown ups merry go rounds dup primul substantiv cnd restul cuvintelor au rol de atribut Ex: fathers in law lookers on Mothers in law passers by Substantive proprii se adaug s la sfrit indiferent de litera final si obligatoriu art. hot the in fata Ex: the Browns, the Pennys, the Marinos = familia the Romeos = mai muli biei numii Romeo sau cu caliti de Romeo Exerciiu: Punei substantivele din paranteze la plural i traducei: 1. There are hundreds of (book) on the (shelf). 2. All his (toy) are in the room. 3. Those (man) are (tourist). 4. (Child) like (story). 9

5. They left their (watch) on the table. 6. Do you see the white (cliff) of Dover? 7. (Leaf) fall in autumn. 8. There are lots of (goose) on that farm. 9. Do you buy any (potato) and (tomato)? 10. Wipe your (foot) here, please. 11. Those (woman) are (housewife). 12. There are some (mouse) in the courtyard. 13. The (news) is interesting. 14. He packs his (luggage). PROPOZITII INTEROGATIVE Folosesc n formare pronume interogative. Pronumele interogative au aceeai form att la singular ct i la plural. De obicei se aeaza la nceputul propoziiei. WHO? = cine, folosit pentru personae WHOSW? = al cui? A cui? Ale cui? TO WHOM? = cui? WHO (acuzativ)? = pe cine? Pe care? Cu cine? WHICH (OF)? = care dintre? Care? WHAT? = care? Ce?, folosit numai pentru lucruri. La persoane se folosete ntrebnd profesia, ce faci? Ex: Who are you? (cine eti tu?) What are you? Im an engineer. (ce eti?) Which ever? (oare pe care?) What ever? (oare ce?) Whos who? (cine este cineva?) What about you? (dar tu?) Se mai folosesc i adverbe interogative, care se pun la nceput. HOW? = cum?, WHY? = de ce?, WHEN? = cnd? WHERE? = unde? Obs: Aceste pronume i adverbe pot fi folosite i cu alte scopuri n propoziie, nu neaprat n ntrebri. Ex: Let me know when he will leave for Paris. Informeaz-m cnd el va pleca la Paris. SHOPPING Vezi i materialul xerocopiat. Vocabular specific Shop magazin Department store magazin universal Supermarket Mega market mall Goods, commodities bunuri, mrfuri To go shopping = a merge la cumprturi Price low price = pre mic --> cheap = ieftin, to cheapen = a ieftini high price = pre ridicat --> expensive / dear = scump, to put up the price = a scumpi Its dear but it pays! = e scump dar merit! To sell (sold) = a vinde, to buy = a cumpra Shop assistant, salesman, saleswoman = vnztor Customer = client What can I do for you? May I help you? = Ce dorii? (ce pot face pentru dumneavoastr? Pot s v ajut?) Id like this, please! = A dori, mi-ar plcea asta, v rog! 10

How much is it? What is the price? = Ct cost? Ce pre are? Ready weighed / ready packed = preambalat (cntrit i mpachetat) Ready bottled = mbuteliat Wrap / pack = a mpacheta, a ambala Bill comes (amounts) to 50 $. = Nota de plat este 50$. Cash register (desk) = casa, to pay in cash = plata n numerar Price tag = etichet Tinned /canned = consevant Queue = coad, to queue up = a sta la coad Packet / parcel = pachet Paper / plastic bag, = pung (hrtie / plastic), saco Shopkeeper / shop owner = negustorul, proprietarul magazinului To leave a deposit = a da acont To sell by installments / hire and purchase = a vinde n rate Money banknote bani de hrtie small change mruni, bani de metal I have no small change about me = n-am mrunt Made in Romania = fabricat n RO, Romanian product = produs romnesc Gross weight = greutate brut, net weight = neto 1 pound = 453,39 grams, 1 pint ~ 0,570l order = comand, a comanda delivery charge = tax de livrare fitting room = cabin de prob

Aplicaie THE SEASON (traduceri) SPRING begin on the twenty first of March. The weather gets warmer. The sun shines brightly in a blue sky. The snow meets quickly and turns into water. The grass and flowers grows. The birds come back. SUMMER begin on the twenty first of June. The weather is hot. We often have thunderstorms. When the wind blows hard and black clouds cover the sky, we can hear the thunder and see the lightning. AUTUMN comes after summer. The weather gets cooler and then colder. The leaves fall from the trees. It often rains and we need umbrellas. WINTER comes last. The snow falls and covers the ground. It is very cold. There is frost and it freezes. Dialog despre vreme (traduceri) I. What is the weather like in your country? We have a temperate climate: warm / hot summers, cold winters and cool / foggy autumns. In spring the weather is very changeable. Well, my country is arid. There is like little rain but when it rains we have thunderstorms and even hurricanes. II. What is the weather like in your country? I think that it is what a spring day looks like. At down the sun is just rising. A cool breeze is blowing from the east but there are no clouds in the sky. Gradually the breeze turns into a wind. 11

Clouds appear and at noon, the sky is overcast. It lights and thunders large raindrops begin to fall. But soon the bright sun shines out again. The air is fresh. VOCABULAR Cool = rcoros Cold = rece To begin = a ncepe Weather = vreme To shine = a strluci Brightly = strlucitor Snow = zpad Rain = ploaie Thunderstorm = furtun Lightning = fulgere Wind = vnt

warm = cldu hot = fierbinte To get warmer = a se nclzi To get colder = a se rci To melt = a se topi To turn into (water) = a se transforma (n ap) To grow = a crete To blow = a sufla To fall = a cdea

THE WEATHER IS FINE Is a fine (nice, lovely) day, isnt it? Its wonderful out today! What a clear (starlit, cloudless) night! The sun is coming out! I expect we are going to have a fine day. THE WEATHER IS HOT Its a stuffy day! Its 40oC in the shade! The temperature is rising (going up). The heat is unbearable. THE WEATHER IS BAD What a rainy (cloudy, foggy, windy, stormy) day! The sky is overcast! Its still raining hard (fast, heavily). Its raining cats and dogs! Im wet to the skin! THE WEATHER IS COLD What a cold (frosty) day! Its extremely cold out! The river is frozen over! Its freezing! The snow and ice are meeting (snow is falling hard). EVERYDAY ACTIVITIES To wake up To brush To shave oneself To leave for To get to to arrive To call on to pass To be over = finished Spare time on duty off duty to be back from to came back To get out of bed To have (take) a shower (bath) To dry oneself on towel To get dressed = to put on (off) clothes To have a rest To go shopping To go for a walk (drive) To go cycling To wash To comb 12

What time do you wake up in the morning? Do you do your morning exercises every day? Where do you have your shower? What do you do next? (after breakfast) What time does work begin at your office? (you are on duty) What time is the program at your office over? What do you do when your program is over? (you are off duty?) What time do you go to bed? What do you do on Sundays (week - ends)?

I. Rspundei la ntrebrile de mai sus. II. Vorbii liber despre programul dvs. zilnic. CONVERSATIE LA CUMPARATURI To the wine counter (la raionul de buturi) Have you got any white wine? What kind of white wine: sweet wine, dinner wine, dry wine, sparkling wine ? Something fine, I think! You knowI take to drinking! Oh, I guess you have to drink a bottle of hock or maybe a bottle of champagne! Why not!? Give a bottle of champagne! What kind of strong drinks (spirits) have you got? We have got cognac, liqueur, plum brandy, vermouth, vodka, gin, rum whisky Give me a bottle of cognac, please! And soft drinks? Mineral water, soda, fruit juice, tonic water Give me a bottle of lemon squash, please! Here you are! Thanks! Bye! Avei vin alb? De care vin alb: de desert, de mas, sec, spumos? Ceva superior, cred! tiim-am apucat de but! Oh, cred c trebuie s bei o sticl de vin de Rin sau poate o sticl de ampanie! De ce nu?! Dai-mi o sticl de ampanie! Ce fel de buturi tari avei? Avem coniac, lichior, uic, vermut, vodc, gin, rom Dai-mi o sticl de coniac, v rog! i buturi rcoritoare? Ap mineral, sifon, suc de fructe, ap tonic Dai-mi o sticl de suc de lmie, v rog! Poftii! Mulumesc! Pa! To the bakery Counter (at the bakers) / La raionul de panificaie (la brutrie) Id like a loaf of white bread and two loaves of brown bread, please! Here you are, sir! Have you got whole meal bread? Or something else? Yes, of course. We have got rolls, buns, graham bread, rye bread, fancy bread, currant bun, ginger bread, sticks, croissants, breadsticks, cracknels, Give me ten rolls and a gingerbread bag, please! Here you are! Thanks! A dori o pine alb i dou pini negre, v rog! 13

 Poftii, dle. Avei pine integral? Sau altceva? Da, bineneles. Avem chifle, franzelue, graham, pine de secar, pinie cu lapte, cu stafide, turt dulce, grisine, cornuri, crochete, pesmet, covrigei Dai-mi 10 chifle i o pung de turt dulce, v rog! Poftii! Mulumesc! At the Ladies Ready Made Clothes department (La raionul de cofecii de dam) Can I find here a fashionable evening dress? This is the latest fashion in Paris! Oh, havent you got the same pattern but a darker shade? Something more stylish? Here you are, madam! 100EURO. Isnt this dress rather dear? Yes but cheap clothes do not wear well. It is worth the money it costs. Yes, its dear but it pays, really! I advice you to get hold of this dress as long as its still on sale! Pot gsi aici o rochie de sear elegant? Aceasta este ultima mod la Paris. Oh, nu avei acelai model ntr-o nuan mai nchis? Ceva mai elegant? Poftii, dn! 100Euro Nu e cam scump rochia asta? Da dar hainele ieftine nu se poart bine. Merit banii. Mda, e scump dar face! Adevrat! V sftuiesc s achiziionai aceast rochie ct se mai gsete!

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