4G TECHNOLOGY

Presenting by :
Purnima.K Btech III year- ECE P Indra Reddy Memorial Engg. College Email id : purnima.kurella424@gmail.com Contact no. : 8019101682 Bhuvaneshwari Reddy.S Btech III year -ECE P Indra Reddy Memorial Engg. College Email id : bhuvana.reddy04@gmail.com Contact no. : 8790650078

ABSTRACT :
Mobile communication systems revolutionized the way people communicate. Evolution of wireless access technologies is about to reach its fourth generation. Looking past, wireless access It wont be just the phone networks that need to evolve, the increased traffic load on the internet as a whole will need to expand, with faster backbones and oceanic links requiring major upgrade. Bandwidth will always be the limiting factor in the development of applications and devices. Hence the short fall of 3G networks is clear, its just not fast enough, offering 384kbps doesnt meet the requirements of what the users expects now a days. The evolution from 3G to 4G will be driven by services that offer better quality (video or sound) i.e greater bandwidth, more sophistication in the association of a large quantity of information. Technology companies with 4G networks are knocking the door and mobile operators are beginning to answer. 4G networks and Next Generation Networks (NGNs) are becoming fast and very cost effective solutions for those wanting an IP built high speed data capacities in the mobile network.

technologies have followed different evolutionary paths aimed at unified target : Performance and Efficiency in high mobile environment. The first generation (1G) has fulfilled the basic mobile voice, while the second generation (2G) has

introduced capacity and coverage, later the third generation (3G) which has a quest for data at higher speeds to open the gates for truly Mobile Broadband experience which will be further realized by the fourth generation. The fourth

generation (4G) will provide access to wide range of telecommunication services, advanced mobile services, supported by fixed networks, along with support of low to high mobility services and wide range of data rates.

INTRODUCTION :
The fourth generation of mobile networks will truly turn the current mobile phone networks in to end to end IP based networks. If 4G is implemented correctly, it will truly harmonise global roaming, super high speed connectivity on every mobile communication device in the world. 4G is set to deliver 100mbps to a roaming mobile device globally and up to 1gbps to a stationary device.

Some possible standards for the 4G system are 802.20, WiMAX, HSDPA, UMTS and proprietary networks from Arraycomm Inc., Navini Networks, Flarion Technologies and 4G efforts in India, China, and Japan.

KEY 4G TECHNOLOGIES :
The design is such that the 4G will be based on OFDM ( Orthogonal Frequency Division

ASSUMED FEATURES OF 4G :
The 4G system was originally envisioned by the Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). The DARPA selected the distributed architecture and end-to-end Internet protocol, and believed at an earlier stage in peer-to-peer networking in which every mobile device would be both a transceiver and a router for other devices in the network, eliminating the spoke and hub weakness of 2G and 3G cellular systems. In 4G systems, the circuit switched infrastructure is abandoned and only a packet switched network is provided, while 2.5G and 3G systems require both packet switched and circuit switched network nodes, i.e. two infrastructures in parallel. This

Multiplexing ), which is the key enabler of 4G Technology. Other technology aspects of 4G are adaptive processing and smart antennas, both of which will be used in 3G networks and enhance rates when used in with OFDM. OFDM is designed to send data over hundreds of parallel streams, thus increasing the amount of information that can be sent at a time over traditional CDMA networks. 4G data rates will vary depending on the number of channels that are available. 4G networks will also use smart antenna technology.

OFDM :
Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing not only provides clear advantages for physical layer performance, but also a framework for improving layer performance by proposing an additional degree of free-dom. Using OFDM, it is possible to exploit the time, space domain, frequency domain and even the code domain to optimize radio channel usage. It ensures very robust transmission in multipath environments with reduced receiver complexity. OFDM also provides a frequency diversity gain, improving the physical layer performance, It is also compatible with other enhancement technologies, such as smart antennas and MIMO. OFDM modulation can also be employed as a multiple access technology. In this case, each OFDM symbol can transmit information to several users using a different set of subcarriers. This not provides additional flexibility for resource allocation, but also enables cross layer optimization of radio link usage.

means that in 4G, traditional voice calls are replaced by IP telephony. Cellular systems such as 4G allow seamless mobility, thus a file transfer is not interrupted in case a terminal moves from one cell to another. Hence 4G is described as MAGIC: mobile multimedia, anytime anywhere, global mobility support, integrated wireless solution, and customized personal service.

Some key features of 4G mobile networks are :

(a).High usability : anytime, anywhere, and with any technology. (b).Support for multimedia services at low

transmission cost. (c).Personalization. (d).Integrated services.

CONCLUSION :
As the history of mobile communications shows, attempts have been made to reduce a number of technologies to a single global standard. Projected 4G systems offer this promise of a standard that can be embraced worldwide through its key concept of integration. Future wireless networks

will need to support diverse IP multimedia applications to allow sharing of resources among multiple users. There must be a low complexity of implementation and an efficient means of

negotiation between the end users and the wireless infrastructure. The fourth generation promises to fulfill the goal of PCC (personal computing and communication) a vision that affordably provides high data rates everywhere over a wireless network. The provision of megabit/s data rates to thousands of radio and mobile terminals per square kilometer presents several challenges. The key enablers are: Sufficient spectrum, with associated sharing mechanisms. Coverage with two technologies: parent (2G, 3G, and WiMAX) for real-time delivery, and

discontinuous Pico cell for high data rate delivery. Fixed-mobile convergence (for indoor service). Network selection mechanisms.

REFERENCES :
[1] http://www.four-g.net/index.html

[2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4G

[3] Advanced Wireless Communications: 4G Technologies by Savo G.Glisic