DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF PEDAL OPERATING WATER PUMPING SYSTEM

A MINI PROJECT REPORT Submitted by

R.GOGULARAJAN S.JAYAPRAKASH M.KODIYARASU M.VINAYAGAM

In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree Of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
In MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SRI RANGAPOOPATHI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

ANNA UNIVERSITY:CHENNAI 600 025

APRIL 2012

SRI RANGAPOOPATHI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING ANNA UNIVERSITY: Chennai 600 025

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BONAFIED CERTIFICATE Certified that this project report PEDAL OPERATING WATER PUMPING SYSTEM is the bonafied work of

R.GOGULARAJAN S.JAYAPRAKASH M.KODIYARASU MVINAYAGAM

47309114004 47309114006 47309114313 47309114333

Project report submitted for the viva-voice examination held on

SIGNATURE HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT

Mr. S.RAMESH. M.E

sri rangapoopathi college of engineering Gingee T.K

SIGNATURE SUPERVISOR K.SUNDARAVINAYAGAM. B.E., sri rangapoopathi college of engineering Gingee T.K

INTERNAL EXAMINER

EXTERNAL EXAMINER

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to express our gratitude to the almighty for being with us everywhere and every time. Not only for the successful completion of our project but for our successful life also. First and foremost our sincere gratitude moves to our respected Chairman Mr. R.POOPATHI. B.Sc., B.L., sri rangapoopathi college of Engineering Allampoondi , Gingee T.K. We are obliged to Principal Dr. RAMACHANDRAN MANIKANDAN M.Tech., Phd., NITT., AMICHE., MISTE., sri rangapoopathi college of Engineering Allampoondi , Gingee T.K., for permitting us to our bachelor of engineering academic project. And our H.O.D Mr. S.RAMESH. M.E sri rangapoopathi college of Engineering Allampoondi, We would like to express profound senses of our sincere heart-felt gratitude thanks to Mr. R.MATHIAZGHAN. B.E., Our Internal Project Guide , sri rangapoopathi college of Engineering Allampoondi , Gingee T.K. for his encouraging words of appreciation and suggestion for the successful completion of this project work with motivation guidance. We also express our sincere and incomparable gratitude to Our DepartmentStaffs. Mr. V.KUMARAN. M.E., Mr. S.ARULKUMAR. M.E., Mr. S.PANNERSELVAM. M.E., Mr. G.VIGNESH. B.E., Mr. M.SANTHOSH KUMAR . B.E.,

Finally, we thanks, Our Parents and Family Members for their blessing and encouragement they gave us throughout this project.

LIST OF CHAPTER
CHAPTER 1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. Requirements I. 4. Construction I. II. III. IV. V. Bicycle Stand Alternator Battery Inverter Flow chart PAGENO 1 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 13 18

5. Working principle 6. Sketch 7. Design calculation 8. Photocopy 9. Cost estimation 10. Advantages 11. Conculsion 12.Referance

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LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE NO

1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10

TITLE
Bicycle Stand Alternator Section view Battery Battery Test Inverter circuit diagram Connection diagram Cycle with stand Model sketch

PAGE NO
8 9 11 12 15 16 20 23 24 26

TABLES NO

LIST OF TABLES

PAGE NO

2.1 2.2

TITLE

34 34

List of materials List of materials cost

Chapter -1 INTRODUCTION
Water plays an important role in the material, social and cultural life of mankind. The water needs are increasing day by day. This is the result of

population growth and increase in the standard of living which is directly proportional to water consumption. The lifting of water for drinking or irrigation purposes is of great importance in widely distributed villages with little or no rural electrification and where underground water is available. This moving to works, like all the bicycle machines, with the force of your legs (which are 5 times stronger than your arms). Its a self-sufficient form of technology that doesnt require fuel or electricity.

Chapter -2 REQUIREMENTS
SL.NO 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. MATERIALS cycle centrifugal pump stand l-angle pipes food valve SPECIFICATION STD HP STD STD 30mm dia 30mm dia QUANTITY 1 1 1 1 2 1

Chapter -3 3. ConstructionMethod
The construction of the bicycle powered water pump. It also shows the tools required and time taken to build each part. Since the workshop consists of hand tools, a few vices, a bench grinder, an arc welder, a chop saw and a drill press, significant modifications will need to be made to the design before it can be manufactured in workshop. The frame and cylindrical connectors pose a signify cant problems they require the use of milling equipment, a lathe and boring tools none of which are available to workshop without an expensive and time consuming trip to the machine shop in the hardware.

1, bicycle 2 stands 3, centrifugal pump 4, l-clamp 5, inlet& outlet tube 6, food valve

3.1BICYCLE
Bicycle often called a bike is a human power pedal drive or single track vehicle having two wheels attached to aframe one behind the other. A person who rides a bicycle is called a cyclist.Bicycle were introduced in the 19th century and now number about one billion worldwide twice as many as automobiles.They also provide apopular of recreation and have been adapted for such uses as childrens toys, adult fitness, military and police application and bicycle racing.The basic shape and configuration of atypical upright bicycle has changed little since the first chaindrive model was developed around 1885.

HISTORY
The DRAISIENNE, LAUFMASCHINE, DANY horse was the first human means of transport to use only two wheels in tandem and was inverted by the German baron Karl von dais. It is regarded as the fortunes of the modern bicycle and in 1817and in Paris in 1818.itsride sat astride a wooden frame supported by two in line wheels and pushed the vehicle along with her feet while steering the front wheel.The first mechanically-propelled 2-wheel vehicle may have been built by Kirkpatrick Macmillan, a Scottish blacksmith in 1839.The several invention of rear wheel drive the best known being the rod-driven velocipede by Scotsman ThomasMcCall in 1869.the French creation made of iron and wood developed into the penny-farthing.Further innovation increased comfort and ushered in a second bicycle craze, the 1890s Golden Age of bicycles. In 1888, Scotmanjohn boy Dunlop introduced the first practical pneumatic tire, which soon becomesuniversal.

FEMALE CYCLE
The female bicycle is a safety bicycle gave women unprecedented mobility contributing to their emancipation in Westonnations. The bicycle was recognized by 19th-century feminists and suffragists as a freedom machine for women. American Susan b.antony said in New York world in February 2 in 1896.
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3.1 BYCYCLE TYPES

Utility bicycle Mountain bicycle Racing bicycle Touring bicycle Hybrid bicycle Cruiser bicycle Unicycles Tricycles Quadra cycles Tall bikes Fixed gear bicycles

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3.1 BY CYCLE
Bicycle is designed to converthuman energy into mechanical energy to transportation purpose. The mechanical energy is then transferred in rear wheel the friction energy converted into kinetic energy through the use of drive and pumping the water. The bicycle is one of the most efficient uses of human body existing musculature. It is consist of parts frame, chain, and rim, and rope, tire.

Fig (3.1)

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3.2 STAND
The L-channel cut the length of the frame, in length 450mm and width is250mm.Thehigh of the axel is 500mm. it is weld to join in the A-frame. The end of the A-frame drill to attach the axil, the end A-frame welded to the square bold in 35mm. The outer diameter of the axle griper guide in attached in the frame, it is M16 threaded bold use the axial griper guide. The axial griper adjustment type. It is drill to the side of the frame. It is fixed in the pump. The stand fixed in the cycle rear axial, it is freely move to use the stand and it is use to career of the cycle.

Fig (3.2)

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3.3 PUMP
A pump is a device used to move fluid such as liquids; the pump is displacinga volume by physical or mechanical action. Pumps fall into three major groups in direct lift, displacement and gravity pumps. Their names describe the method for moving a fluid. Types of pumps: 1.Dynamic pressure pump Centrifugal pump Jet pump 2.displacement pump Reciprocating pump Rotary pump 3.Reciprocating pump Piston pump Plunger pump Diaphragm pump 4.Rotary pump Gear pump Lube pump Vane pump Screw pump Rotary plunger pump

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3.4. PUMP TYPES

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3.4 HISTORY OF PUMP

According to rate, the BRAZILIAN SOLIDER and historian of science the first machine that could be characterized as acentrifugal pump was amud lifting machine which appeared as early as 1475 in a treatise by the Italian renaissance engineer FRANCESCO DI GIORGIO MARTINI. True centrifugal pump were not developed until the late 17th century, when DENIS PAPIN made one with straight vanes. The curved vane was introduced by British inventor JOHN APPOLD in 1851.

3.4 HOW TO WORK

Like most pumps, a centrifugal pump converts mechanical energy from a motor to energy of a moving fluid; some of the energy goes into kinetic energy of fluid motion, and some into potential energy, represented by a fluid pressure or by lifting the fluid against gravity to a higher level.The transfer of energy from the mechanical rotation of the impeller to the motion and pressure of the fluid is usually described in terms of centrifugal force, especially in older sources written before the modern concept of centrifugal force as a fictitious force in a rotating reference frame was well articulated. The concept of centrifugal force is not actually required to describe the action of the centrifugal pump.

3.4 VERTICAL CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS

Vertical centrifugal pumps are also referred to as cantilever pumps. They utilize a unique shaft and bearing support configuration that allows the volute to hang in the sump while the bearings are outside of the sump. This style of pump uses no stuffing box to seal the shaft but instead utilizes a "throttle Bushing". A common application for this style of pump is in a parts washer.

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3.4 MULTISTAGE CENTRIFUGAL PUMP

A centrifugal pump containing two or more impellers is called a multistage centrifugal pump. The impellers may be mounted on the same shaft or on different shafts. If we need higher pressure at the outlet we can connect impellers in series.If we need a higher flow output we can connect impellers in parallel. All energy addedto the fluid comes from the power of the electric or other motor force driving the impeller.

3.4 FORTH PUMPS

In the mineral processing industry, or in the extraction of oils and, froth is generated to separate the rich minerals or bitumen from the sand and clays. Forth contains air that tends to block conventional pumps and cause loss of prime. The industry over the years has developed different ways to deal with this problem. One approach consists of using vertical pumps with a tank. Another approach is to build special pumps with an impeller capable of breaking the air bubbles. In the pulp and paper industry holes are drilled in the impeller. Air escapes to the back of the impeller and a special expeller discharges the air back to the suction tank. The impeller may also feature special small vanes between the primary vanes called split vanes or secondary vanes. Some pumps may feature a large eye, an inducer or recirculation of pressurized froth from the pump discharge back to the suction to break the bubbles.

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3.4 CENTRIFUGAL PUMP DIAGRAME

FIG (3.4)

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3.5 CENTRIFUGALPUMP
A centrifugal pump is rot dynamic pump that uses a rotating impeller to create flow by the addition of energy to fluid. Centrifugal pump are commonly used to move liquids through piping. The fluid enters the pump impeller along or near to the rotating axis and is accelerated by the impeller flowing readily outwardinto a diffuser or casing from where it exits the downstream piping. Centrifugal pumps are used for large discharge through smaller heads. The centrifugal pump parts Brocken to the coils and removes to the armature in the pump. The pump flat plates join to the nut and bold, it is connected to the L-plate in the centrifugal pump. It is joined to the stand. The L-clamp is adjustment type. The opposite side is supporting of the bearing became shacking is absorbed in bearing,

3.5 pump specification

Pump capacity Pump power(p) Pump speed Pump duty Pump class

= 0.5 HP = 0.37 kw = 2500 rpm = S1 = B

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3.6 DISMANDLING OF PUMP

After dismantling the pump a reverse engineering exercise was conducted to find out the function of each part and establish whether it would be suitable for use in the bicycle model was created to aim in visulation of the different parts and they fit in fig (4.1), the armature friction to tire in the pump shaft.

Fig (3.6.1)

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP CUT SECTION MODEL:

Fig (3.6.2)
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3.7 L CLAMP
The L- clamp is used to attach to the pump, it is fixing to the stand it is adjustment type. The L-clamp material is cast iron. It is drill toholes in the clamp.

Fig (3.7.1)

3.7 INLET AND OUTLET PIPE

The inlet tube is joined to the suction and another end is connected to the food valve. The outlet tube is joined to the delivery valve. The inlet and outlet tube material is plastic.

Fig (3.7.2)

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Chapter-4 4. WORKING PRINCIPLE

The PEDAL OPERATING WATER PUMPING SYSTEM use to pumping the water. The stand is use to adjust to clamping pump, it is tire friction to armature shaft in the pump. The pipe joined to the pump. The man is pedaling to the cycle the rear wheel is rotated. The rear wheel is friction to the pump shaft. The friction energy converted into kinetic energy. The pump is vacuum is created in to the casing in suction valve suction to deliver to the water. The centrifugal pump is suction from 15 feet deliver to 40 feet above the highest.

4.1 GEAR TRAIN ANALYSIS

The performance of a pump is directly related to the speed at which the impeller spins. The centrifugal pump has arated operating speed of 2800rpm.in order to obtain maximum performance; the bicycle powered pump should run as close to this speed as possible.it has been proposed that the armature of the motor, which has a diameter of 46.5mm, should be used as a driving roller for the pump. It is possible to calculate whether this will drive the pump at the right speed by analyzing the gear train. Using a friction drive on the rear tyre means that thegear trains has 4 sections, the bicycle front chain rings(1),rear sprockets (2) and rear wheel (3) and the pumps driving roller(4).

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4.2 GEAR TRAIN ARRANGEMENT

The gear train can be described using formula: = =

The test bicycle has a tyre diameter of 614mm and the armature of the electronic motor that will be used as the pump driving roller has a diameter of 46.5mm. A number of sources have suggested that 80rpm is the optimum clearance for comfortable pedaling. As the bicycle uses a variable gearing system, a number of different gear ratio is possible for the first section of gear train.

Fig (4.2.1)

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4.2.2 TYRE AND ROLLER CONTACT FRICTION

In order for smooth operation and maximum power transfer to occur the roller must not slip as it is driven by the tyre. The inflation pressure of the tyres and their grip pattern both significantly alter the contact friction between the two components making analytical modeling .if this is the case then the contact friction could be increased by applying grip tape to the roller outside.

TYRE SPROCKET PUMP SHAFT

Fig(4.2.2)

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5.0 CADMODELING SKETCH

The cad model of the bicycle as shown in figure (6.1) was created to help of the design, both as individual parts and to show the interaction between the assembly diagrams. 3D Visualizations

AxleGripTight enersfor Lateral Adjustment Axle Grips

Outlet Hose

Inlet Hose

Bicycle Rear Tyre

Hose Clip

PumpAssembly -driving roller -Cylindricalbracket -pump head

Key
Radial Adjustment Slots -Bicycle -Manufacturedparts -Parts oforiginalpump - Otherpurchased parts Fig (5.1)

SupportingFrame

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Chapter -6 CALCULATION SPEEDRATIO

Speed ratio =

Speed ratio (i) = I =speed ratio

= 14.5

VELOCITY
v = v = N= pump speed D = diameter of impeller V = velocity = 3.3 m/s

FOR HORIZONTAL FLOW

Suction Delivery = 15 feet = 40 feet

Discharge (q) =1000 lit/ hour

FOR VERTICAL FLOW Suction Delivery Discharge (q) = 10 feet = 20 feet = 600lit/hour

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7. PHOTOCOPY

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Chapter -8 COST ESTIMATION

ELAMENT OF COST Direct material cost Direct labor cost Direct expenses cost Direct material cost: All the material from which the product is manufactured is known as direct material cast. Direct labor cost: The labor actually spend by workers to manufacture product is known as direct labor cost. Direct expanses: These are expenses Cost of special tools, jigs and fixtures.Cost of drawing, designs, etc.

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8.1 LIST OF MATERIALS

The following components are used SI.NO 1 2 3 4 NAME OF COMPONENT BYCYCLE STAND CENTRIFUGAL PUMP PIPE SIZE STD STD 0.5 HP 1 QUANTITY 1 1 1 1

8.2 DIRECT MATERIAL COST

SO.NO 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 DESCRIPTION BY CYCLE CENTRIFUGAL PUMP L-ANGLE PIPE WELDING COST NUT &BOLD OTHER COST REPORT COST QUANTITY 1 1 8m 5m 10 TOTAL AMOUNT OF COST 1000 800 500 150 500 150 900 1000 5000

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Chapter -9 ADVANTAGES
Cost is low. Must be easy to use. Must be cheap and easy to maintain by local people. Must be hygienic if used for drinking water. Should be self-priming. High efficiency.

Must not require electricity or fuel

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Chapter -10 APPLICATIONS:

Agricultural purpose used. Domestic purpose used. Industrial Applications. Pumping and traveling used.

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Chapter -11 CONCLUSION

We thing that this project will give a best satisfaction to public for it by legs. It can be used for good pumping system. It is demand of source in fuel and electricity is do not used in pedal operating water pumping system. This system used to water pumping to fill in the water storage tank. It is used for all domestic applications. The finally this project is completed. The next stage of implemented to in pump shaft speed is increase to discharge the long length.

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Chapter -12 REFERENCES

TEXT BOOK OF FLUIED MECHANICS ( DR.R.K.BANSAL) SIDEWELLS, C-BIKE REPAIR MANUAL. WWW.MAYAPEDALS.COM WWW.GOOGLE.COM WWW.RECYCLING GUIDE.COM WWW.PEDAL POWER.COM WWW.STUFFWORK.COM WWW.ALIBABA.COM WWW.ENGINEERING TOOL BOX.COM WWW.PUMPWOULD.COM

www.wikipedia.com

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