Russian

Vocabulary
Here are the Russian numbers from 0 to 1 million. More information is available in Russian Lesson 2

Russian Numbers
1 -
2 -
3 -
4 -
5 -
6 -
7 -
8 -
9 -
10 -

11 -
12 -
13 -
14 -
15 -
16 -
17 -
18 -
19 -

20 -
30 -
40 -
50 -
60 -
70 -
80 -
90 -
100 -

200 -
300 -
400 -
500 -
600 -
700 -
800 -
900 -

1,000 -
1,000,000 -
1,000,000,000 -

Question Words
Russian Vocabulary

Quenstion Words in Russian

In Russian, there are a number of words used to form questions. You should remember that when you ask a yes/no question it is formed the same was as a
statement. (There is no equivalent of words "do", "are"). When you are speaking Russian you should use a rising questioning tone.
? - What? (Pronounced "shto")
? - How?
? - How many?
? - Who?
? - Why?
? - When?
? - Where? (Used when you are searching for something. "Where is the bank?")
? - (to) Where? (indicates motion towards something. "Where are you going?")
? - (from) Where? (indicates motion away from something. "Where are you coming from?")
? (m), ? (f), ? (n) - Which? What sort of?
? (m), ? (f), ? (n), ? (pl) - Whose?
Notes:
Where gender is shown, the word should agree with the noun it relates to.
The word declines like a stressed adjective, so it must also agree in case.
The words ? and ? have different forms in different cases. Above is nominative. (others shown below)

Advanced Topics:
Different cases of ? and ?
Nominative Case (subject):
? - What? (Pronounced "shto")
? - Who?
Accusative Case (object):
? - What?
? - Whom?
Dative Case (indirect object):
? - To What?
? - To Whom?
Genative Case (Possession, negation):
? - What? (Pronounced "chevo")
? - Whom? (Pronounced "kavo")
Insrumental Case (by/with)
? - What?
? - Whom?
Prepositional Case (in/at/about)
- (in/about) What?.
? - (in/about) Whom?

Russian Vocabulary
Days of the week and months.
The days of the week in Russian...
- Monday
- Tuesday
- Wednesday
- Thursday
- Friday
- Saturday
- Sunday

Months
- January
- February
- March
- April
- May
- June
- July
- August
- September
- October
- November
- December

Related words
- Today (pronounced "sivodnya")
- Tomorrow
- Yesterday
- Day
- Week
- Month
- Year

Notes:
1. The preposition "" is used to mean "on". (" " - on Monday). If the last letter is "" it becomes "y".
2. The days always start with a lowercase letter unless at the start of a sentence.

Family
Russian Vocabulary
Here are the Russian words you might need to talk about your family.

Immediate Family
- father
- mother
- dad
- mum
- brother
- sister
- son
- daughter
- wife
- husband
- parents
- children
- child

Extended Family
- grandmother
- grandfather
- granddaughter
- grandson
- uncle
- auntie
- nephew
- niece
( ) - cousin

Related Words
- family
- relatives
- twins
- childhood
, - baby
- young boy
- young girl
- young woman
- young man
- man
- woman
- person
- adult
- bride
- groom
- honey moon
- marriage
, - married
, - marry
- single
- widow
- widower

Food and Drink

Russian Vocabulary
Here are some Russian words for different types of food. For convenience, words that are very often used in the plural have their plural forms included in
brackets. Many fruit and vegetables have no plural, this is indicated with (-).

- Fruit
() - apple
() - pear
() - orange
- grapes
() - grapefruit
() - kiwi fruit
() - mandarine
(-) - mango
() - banana
- pineapple
() - peach
() - apricot
() - plum
(-) - strawberry
(-) - raspberry
() - lemon
(-) - blackberry
, (-) - cherry
- melon
- watermelon
- red currant
- black currant
- gooseberry

 - Vegtables
() - cucumber
() - tomato
() - vegtable marrow
(-) - potato
() - aubergine, egg-plant
(-) - cabbage
(-) - cauliflower
(-) - broccoli
() - squash
() - pumpkin
(-) - carrot
(-) - onion
() - pepper, capsicum
(-) - bean
(-) - pea
- celery
- mashed potatoes
- beetroot, beet
- lettuce
() - mushroom

- Nuts
- hazelnut
- walnut
- cashew
- almond
- cocoanut
- pistachio
- peanut
- nutmeg

- Meat
- beef
- mutton
- pork
- veal
- chichen
- lamb
() - rabbit
- ham
- bacon

- Products from flour

- flour
- bread
- white bread
- rye bread
- cookie
- cake
- tart, pie
- pie, patty
- muffin
- pancake

- Grain
- oatmeal
- buckwheat
- barley
- millet
- rice

Misc
- ice cream
- cheese
- egg
- butter
- French fries
, - (chewing) gum
- jam
- pizza
- candy
- candy bar
- hotdog
- ketchup
- sauce
- sausage
- salad
- sandwich
- soup
- sour cream

- Seafood
- fish
- bass
- salmon
- sturgeon
- humpback salmon
- trout
- pike perch
- pike
- flatfish

 - sheatfish, catfish
- codfish
- sardine
- horse-mackerel
- mackerel
- crucian
- carp
- fluke
- tuna
- huso
- hake
- herring
() - oyster
() - mussel
() - shrimp
() - crab
() - squid

- Spice
- salt
- sugar
- thyme
- pepper
- olive
- olive
- carnation
- caper
- estragon
- estragon
- saffron
- vanilla
- ginger
- cardamom
- rosemary
- mustard
- cinnamon
- dill
- punch
- basil
- sorrel

- Drinks
- Non-alcoholic
- Tea
- Coffee
- Juice
- orange juice
- apple juice
- pear juice
- peach juice
- apricot juice
- cherry juice
- mixed juice
- gapefruit juice
- milkshake
- water
- milk
- kefir
- cream
- lemonade
- - coke
- hot chocolate

- Alcoholic
- beer
- wine
- vodka
- tequila
- rum
- whisky
- cognac
- brandy
- martini
- liqueur
- champagne

- Meals
- breakfast
- lunch
- dinner
- supper

Animals
Russian Vocabulary
Here are some Russian words for different types of animals.

- Animals
, - cat
- dog
- bear
- elephant
- lion
- tiger

 - giraffe
- camel
- rabbit
- hare
- monkey
- squirrel
- wolf
- fox
- mole
- mouse
- rat
- hedge-hog
- snake
- antelope
- bison
- buffalo
- elk, moose
- deer
- porcupine
- zebra
- rhino
- hippopotamus
- gorilla
- chimpanzee
- orangutan
- squirrel
- ape
- leopard
- cheetah
- panda
- chicken
- cock
- cow
- bull
- sheep
- ram
, - goat
- donkey
- horse
- goose
- duck
- spider
- ant
- bee
- wasp
- worm
- butterfly
- moth
- kangaroo
- emu
- wombat
- koala
- fish
- dolphin
- crocodile
- alligator
- octopus
- whale
- shark
- turtle
- frog
- seal
- toad
- squid

- Birds
- bird
- starling
- woodpecker
- sparrow
- crow
- bullfinch
- owl
- penguin
- parrot
- robin
- pigeon
- peacock
- flamingo
- ostrich
- gazelle

Clothes
Russian Vocabulary
Russian clothes word list

- Clothes
- shirt
- suit
- trouses

 - socks
- sweater
- t-shirt
- singlet
- blouse
- jeans
- skirt
- dress
- poloneck
- jacket
- waistcoat
- coat
- scarf
- jacket
- coat
- fur coat
- cap, hat
- shoes
- sneakers, sport shoes
- sport suit
- gumshoes
- shoes
- sandals
- slippers
- bra

- Jewellery
- ring
- chain
- bracelet
- necklace
- earrings
- pendant

Russian Verbs
Russian Vocabulary
English to Russian verb list. Sometimes words do not always translate directly due to their context. You may wish to use a dictionary to check that you are using
the word in the correct context. Don't forget that you will need to conjugate the Russian verb.

Verbs -
accept -
add - ,
adjust - ()
admire - /
advice -
agree -
answer -
apologize -
appear -
argue -
ask -
ask (for) - ( -)
attack - /
attend -
attract -
avoid -
bark -
bathe -
beat - ,
become - (-, -)
begin -
behave - ()
believe - ,
belong (to) - (-, -)
bite -
blame - , /.
blush -
bother - , ,
brag -
break -
break up (with) - ,
bring - , ,
build -
burn - ,
buy -
call - , /
calm ... down - ()
can -
cancel -
carry -
catch - , ,
change - ,
check -
chew -
choose -
choose -
chop down -
chop off - ,
chop up -
clean -
climb - , ,
close -
come - ,
come true -
compare -
complain -

confuse - ,
congratulate -
consult - /
continue -
convince -
cook - ( )
cost -
cost -
could -
count (on) - , ( -)
cover - ,
crawl -
create - ,
cross -
cross ... out -
cry -
cut - ,
dance -
deceive -
decide - (- )
defend -
deliver -
deny - ,
depend (on) - ( -)
describe -
deserve -
die -
dig - ,
disappear -
disappoint -
discard - ()
discover - , ()
dispose - /
distract -
dive -
do - ()
doubt -
dream - ,
drink -
drip -
drop -
drown - , ()
earn -
eat -
embarrass -
end -
enjoy - /
enter - , (-) /
envy - /
estimate -
exchange -
exist -
expect -
experience - /. EG:
explain (to) - (-)
explode -
express - EG: ,
faint -
fall -
fall apart -
fall asleep - (=)
feed -
feel -
fight - ,
figure -
fill ... in - ,
find -
find oneself -
finish -
fit -
fix - ,
flatter -
flow -
flush -
fly -
follow -
forbid -
force -
forget - ,
forgive -
freeze - ,
fuss - ,
get - , ( )
get even (with) - ( -)
get rid (of) - ()
give -
give in -
give up - , -
go - (-), ,
go on -
grab - ,
graduate (from) -
greet -
grow - ( )
guess - ,
handle - /
hang -
happen -
harm - /.
hate -
have -

heal -
hear -
help -
hesitate - EG:
hide - ()
hint -
hit - (), /.
hold - EG: ;
hope -
hug -
hunt (after) - ()
hurry -
hurt - , /
I am supposed to -
I like -
I need -
imagine - ,
impose (on) - ()
impress - ,
improve - ()
influence - /.
inherit -
insist -
interest -
interfere - ,
interrupt - EG:
invent -
invite -
it occurred to me -
it seems to me -
it sounds interesting -
join - , /
joke -
jump -
justify -
keep - , EG:
keep silence -
kick -
kill -
kiss -
knit -
knock - ,
knock ... down - (-)
know -
lack - /
last - ( ),
laugh (at) - ( -)
lay -
leak - EG: ,
learn - (- ),
leave (for) - , (-)
let - , (- ) /
let me see lick -
lie - ,
lift -
like -
listen (to) - (-, -)
live -
look (at) - (), /
look for -
look for -
lose - ,
love -
make - EG: ,
make conclusions -
make up -
make up for - ()
match -
mean - ,
meet - ,
mess -
mess up - ,
miss - ( -) /
mix -
move - , ,
must -
need - /
notice - EG:
obey - /
occur - ,
offer - ()
open -
order - ,
overcome -
pack (up) -
paint - ( )
part -
pass -
pass by - (-, -)
pay -
pay attention to - ()
pay back (to) - (-)
pick - ( ), ()
play -
pour - ,
praise -
predict -
prefer -
prepare - ()
pretend - ,

promise -
propose - (- )
protect - ,
prove -
provide -
pull -
purchase -
push -
put - ,
put ... on - (-)
put up (with) - ( -)
quarrel -
quit - (- )
raise - ,
reach - ,
react -
read -
receive - , EG:
recognize -
recommend -
refuse - ()
reject -
remember - ,
remind -
remove -
repeat -
replace -
resist -
respect -
return - ()
ride - ( , )
rip ... off - ,
rob -
rub -
ruin -
run - ,
save - ,
say - (-)
scare -
scatter -
scold -
scream -
see -
seem -
sell -
sell -
send - ,
serve -
set -
sew -
shake - , (), ()
share - , ( -)
shatter - EG:
shave -
shine -
shoot (at) - ()
should - ()
show -
show up - ( )
shut - ,
sigh -
sing -
sink - , ()
sit -
skip -
sleep -
smear -
smell (with) - , (-)
smoke -
socialize -
soil -
solve -
sort ... out -
sound - ,
speak - ( - ) /
spell -
spend - ,
spill -
spoil - ,
spread - ,
stand - /
stare (at) - ( -)
start -
starve - ,
stay -
steal -
step -
sting - (, )
stink - ( )
stir -
stop - ,
strangle -
stretch (out) -
study - ,
substitute -
succeed - ,
suck -
suffer - ,
suffocate -
surprise -
survive - ( )

suspect -
swap -
swim -
take - , , ,
take ... apart -
take ... off - (-)
take care -
talk - , ( -)
talk ... in -
talk ... out (of) - ( )
teach - (-)
tear - ,
tease - , , /
tell - (-) /
throw - , ()
tie -
to be accustomed to -
to be addicted to - ( -)
to be afraid (of) - ()
to be angry (at) - ( -)
to be disappointed -
to be embarrassed -
to be excited -
to be fed up (with) - ,
to be forced -
to be interested (in) - ()
to be like - ( -) /
to be mad (at) - ( -)
to be mistaken -
to be nervous -
to be proud (of) - (-)
to be surprised -
to be tired (of) - ( -)
to be upset -
to be used to - ( -)
torture - ,
toss out -
touch - ,
travel -
treat (s.b. to) - , (-), ( -) /
tremble -
trust - /
try - , ,
turn - ()
turn (into) - ()
turn (to) - ()
type - (=)
under-; over- - -; understand -
undertake -
upset -
use - ,
wait (for) - (-)
wake up - ,
walk - (-),
want -
warn -
wash - , ()
waste - , EG:
watch -
wear -
wipe - ,
wish -
work -
worry - ,
worsen - ()
would -
wrap - (- -)
write -
yell (at) - ( -)

Russian Adjectives
Russian Vocabulary
Adjectives -
Adjectives are used to describe people and objects. All the adjectives listed below are the masculine, singular nominative case. However in the Russian
language the ends of adjectives change to agree in gender, and in case, with the noun it describes. Adjectives can also appear in short form, or their
comparative form. You should refer to the grammar section of this site for details on how to convert or decline each adjective.
You can train to learn these adjectives using our language trainer.
For an explanation of the grammar associated with adjectives: Click Here

Russian Colours
- white
- black
- red
- green
- yellow
- blue (dark)
- blue
- orange
- brown
- grey
- pink
- purple

Descriptive Adjectives
Here are some of the more commonly used discriptive Russian adjectives.
- fast
- near, close
- big
- important
- tall, high
- main
- dirty
- loud
- dense, thick
- cheap
- kind
- dear, expensive
- hot
- interesting
- beautiful
- strong, tough
- easy
- small
- slow
- young
- soft
- new
- sharp
- first
- sad
- bad
- last
- pleasant
- simple
- rapid, quick
- boring
- strong, powerful
- peaceful
- old
- strict
- dry
- happy
- hard, firm
- dark
- warm
- fat, thick
- difficult
- comfortable
- cold
- good, nice
- private
- frequent, close together, dense
- clean
- bright

Adjectives -
This is the second adjective list for people who have already learnt the first list. This list is presented in English to Russian order, so that you can use it as a
reference. Some adjectives will be repeated form the first list
For an explanation of the grammar associated with adjectives: Click Here

Even more English and Russian adjectives

actually - ,
alive - ( )
almost -
also - ,
always -
anyway - ,
at best -
at last - -,
at least - ,
at worst -
attentive -
awesome - , ,
bad -
basically -
beautiful - (!)
black -
blue - ,
blunt - ()
boring -
brave -
bright - ,
brown -
busy -
calm -
careful -
certain - ,
cheap -
clean -
close -
cold -
comfortable - ( )
complex -
constantly -
convenient - ( )

cool - , , ''
cowardly -
crazy - , ''
cute -
dangerous -
dark -
dead -
decent - ()
deep -
definitely - ,
different - ,
dirty -
dishonest -
dry -
each other -
early - ,
east(ern) - ()
easy - ( )
empty -
enough -
especially -
eternal -
evil -
exact -
excellent - ,
expensive - ()
fair -
far - ,
fat - ()
favorite - ()
finally -
fine - , ,
for example -
foreign -
fortunately -
free - ,
fresh -
friendly -
from time to time -
full - ()
funny - ,
future -
generous -
glad -
gloomy -
good -
good-looking -
grateful -
gray -
great - ,
greedy -
green -
guilty - ,
happy -
hard - ,
hard working -
hardly -
heavy - ( )
helpful -
high - EG: , ,
honest -
hopefully -
hospitable -
hostile -
hot - ,
hungry -
idle - ,
important -
impossible -
in fact -
incredible -
industrious -
instead of -
jealous -
just - , ,
kind -
large - ,
late - ,
lately - ,
lazy -
light - ( )
little - ,
long - ,
long ago -
loud -
lovely -
low - EG: , ,
maroon - ,
marvelous -
maybe - ,
mean - ()
mild - , EG:
modest -
more or less -
most likely -
muddy - ( ),
narrow -
necessarily -
necessary -
never -
next -

nice - , ,
noble -
normally -
north(ern) - ()
now -
obvious -
often -
old -
on the contrary -
once -
once in a while -
own -
past -
patient -
perhaps -
pink -
pleasant -
polite -
poor - ,
possible -
predictable -
present - ()
pretty - , EG:
previous -
probably - ,
proud -
pure - ( )
purple - ,
quick -
quiet -
quite - , -
rarely -
ready -
real - EG:
reasonable -
red -
relatively -
reliable -
rich -
right - , ,
rotten - ,
rude - ,
sad -
safe -
savage - () EG:
seldom -
separate -
serious -
shallow -
sharp - ()
short - , ()
shy - ,
silly - ,
simple - ,
skinny - ( )
slow -
sly -
small -
smart -
sociable -
soft -
sometime - -
sometimes -
soon -
south(ern) - ()
special - ,
stale - ,
sticky -
still - -,
stingy - ()
straight -
strange -
strict -
strong -
stubborn -
stupid -
stylish -
sudden - ,
sufficient -
sure -
tall - EG: ,
tame - EG:
terrific - ,
then - ,
thick - ()
thin - ()
thirsty - ,
tight - , ()
timid -
too - ,
tough - (, ),
ugly - ,
unfortunately - ,
unique - ,
unlike (you) - ( )
unpredictable -
useful -
usual -
various -
warm -
weak -

weird -
well -
west(ern) - ()
wet - , ,
white -
whole -
wide -
wild -
wonderful -
wrong - ,
yellow -
young -