HYPOTHALAMUS

HORMONE HYPOTHALAMUS
NAME 1. Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone 2. Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone 3. Corticotropin Releasing Hormone 4. Prolactin Inhibiting Hormon Prolakting CODE GRH TRH CRH PIF MAIN EFFECT Secretion FSH & LH Secretion TSH Secretion ACTH Secretion Prolactin

NAME 5. Melanocyte Stimulating Hormon (MSH) Release Inhibiting Hormon) 6. Somatostatin (Somatotropin Releasing Inhibiting Hormone) 7. Somatocrinin (Somatotropin Releasing Factor)

CODE MIF

MAIN EFFECT Secretion MSH

SS

Secretion STH

Secretion STH

HYPOTHALAMUS
SHORT LOOP LONG LOOP

RELEASING HORMON

HORMONE
TROPHIC

HYPOPHYSIS
(PITUITARY)

TARGET GLAND FEEDBACK MECHANISMS

HORMON

PITUITARY GLAND
PARS DISTALIS ADENOHYPOPHYSE LOBUS GLANDULARIS PARS TUBERALIS PARS INTERMEDIA LOBUS POSTERIOR LOBUS ANTERIOR

LOBUS
NERVOSSA NEURO

PRO. INFUNDIBUL.

PEDICULUS INFUNDI BULARIS

HYPOPHYSE

INFUNDIBULUM
(NEURAL STALK)

BULBUS INFUNDIBULARIS
LABRIUM INFUNDIBULARIS MEIDIAN EMINENCE

HYSTOLOGY : ALFA, BETA, DELTA

FUNCTION :
ALFA : ACIDOPHIL - SOMATOTROPIC GROWTH HORMONE - LACTOTROPHIC PROLACTIN BETA 1 : BASOPHIL - CORTICOTROPIC ACTH BETA 2 : THYROTROPIC TSH

Q1
Q2

: GONADOTROPIC
: GONADOTROPIC

LH
FSH

CHROMOPHOBE : YOUNG CELL

HORMONE OF PITUITARY GLAND NAME * POSTERIOR LOBE 1. OKSITOSIN (OXYTOCIN) MILK EJECTION UTERUS CONTR. 2. VASOPRESIN (ARGININE) (ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE) AVP RENAL WATER RE ADH ABSORPTION VASO CONSTRICCODE MAIN EFFECT

TION
3. MELANINECONCENTRATING MCH HORMONE MELANOSOME AGREGATION

NAME

CODE

MAIN EFFECT

PARS INTERMEDIA MELANOCYTE STIMULATING HORMONE MSH MELANOGENESIS MELANOSOME DISPERTION

*PARS DISTALIS

1. FOLLICLE STIMULATING
HORMONE (FOLLITROPIN) 2. LUTE INIZING HORMONE (LUTROPIN)

FSH

FOLIKEL OVARIUM
SYNTHESIS ESTRADIOL SPERMATOGENESIS

LH

OVULATION, SYNTHESIS ESTRADIOL & PROGESTERON (FEMALE) SYNTHESIS ANDROGEN TESTES (MALE)

3. PROLACTIN

PRL

SYNTHESIS MILK SYNTHESIS PROGESTERON (SOME SPECES)

4. THYROTROPIN

TSH

SYNTHESIS & SECRETION THYROID HORMON T3, T4

5. COKTICOTROPIN

ACTH

ADRENAL STEROIDOGENESIS

6. SOMATOTROPIN

STH/GH

BIOSYNTHESIS SOMATOMEDIN IN LIVER

(GROWTH HORMONE)

GROWTH HORMON - Somatotrophic hormone - Somatotrophin Chemistry : small protein

- 191 Amino acid

- M.W : 21.700 - 3 5 mc gr./ml

Effect : 1. Methabolisms

- Synthesis protein
- Break down fat energy - Carbohydrate less used 2. Bone metabolisms and growth somatomedin Diabetgenic Ketogenic

Regulation 1. Hypoglycemia

2. Exercice
3. Trauma

4. Stress

GONADOTROPHIC HORMONE * Chemistry :

- Glycoprotein
FSH 18% C.H. M.W : 32.000

LH 15.7% CH

M.W : 30.000

Effect :
- FSH : In female : Morphology ovarium Follicle development estrogen

In male : Spermatogenesis inhibin

- LH : In female : Follicle maturation, ovulation, corpus-luteum estrogen & progresteron In mal e : cell Leydig testosteron

Regulation :
- Feedback mechanism

MELANOCYTE STIMULATING HORMONE (MSH)

Chemistry : Peptide Alpa : 13 amino acid M.W. : 1823

Beta : 22 amino acid M.W. : 2734

Effect : - Chromatophore dispertion

- Pigmen dispertion in melanocyte - Activate enzyme Tyrosinase : Tyrosine Dopa Melanine

NEROHYPOPHYSE
(POSTERIOR PITUITARY)

* INTERRELATION WITH HYPOTHALAMUS

FUNCTION : STORE HOUSE

1. ADH (Vasopressin) : Nucleus Supra Opticus 2. Oxytocin : Nucleus Paraventrcularis

ADH *Chemistry : Polypeptide Function : - Increase water permeability of distal tubulus, loop. Henle, Collecting Duct Renal water reabsorption - Pressor effect muscular contraction *Regulation : - Osmotic regulation - Sodium ion in ECF (95%) - Blood volume - Trauma - Drugs : morphine, nicotine, tranqulizer, anesthesi, alcohol. inhibition

OCYTOCINE Effect : 1. Uterus contraction : pregnant, delivery 2. Milk ejection : mioepithel contraction 3. Fertilisation : ovum Regulation : Neuroendocrine reflex

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY HORMONE SECRETION All Hormone None Panhypopituitarism Somatotropin Hypo (Child) Hyper : - Child - Adult Prolactine Hypo Hyper

DISEASE

Dwarfism
Gigantism Acromegali ProlactinemiaGalactorrheaAmenorrhea (Syndrome)

HORMONE Thyrotropin

SECRETION Hypo - Child :

DISEASE

Creatinism

- Adult :
Hyper

Myxedema
Thyrotoxytocosis, Graves disease

Follitropin (FSH) Lutropin (LH)

Hypo Hyper Hypo Hyper

Hypogonadism Hypogonadism -

HORMONE
Corticotropin (ACTH) MSH Oxytocin Vasopressin (ADH)

SECRETION
Hypo

DISEASE
Addissons disease

Hyper
Hypo Hyper Hypo

Cushings disease
Diabetes insipidus

Hyper

Syndrome oversecretion
(hypertention)