Reele de acces pe linia de abonat (pereche de fire de cupru torsadate)

CUPRINS
-Introducere: necesitate, tehnologii folosite, caracteristicile liniilor de abonat -Tipuri de acces -Reea de acces xDSL: - IDSL - S/HDSL - ADSL - VDSL - Soluii de acces SIEMENS

Arhitectura reelei de acces: Tehnologii i servicii DSL

Technology VDSL SHDSL with IMA ADSL.lite 1M ADSL 2M 6M ADSL 2/2+ 10M Services/ Bandwidth 14M

Fast Internet E-learning Gaming

Streaming Media Video Conferencing Virtual Private Networks Tele-working

Multimedia Home Broadcast TV / VoD High Speed VPN

2

Alocare spectral

Lungime buclei i lrgimea de band cerut de serviciu determin tehnologia necesar

xDSL (xDigital Subscriber Line)
Data rate [Mbits/sec]

High Data-rate

- IDSL (ISDN DSL) - SDSL (Symmetrical single pair high bit rate DSL - HDSL (High bitrate Digital Subscriber Line) - ADSL (Asymetrical Digital Subscriber Line) - VDSL (Very high-speed Digital Subscriber Line )

VDSL

ADSL2+ SHDSL ADSL Line Length

Long Loop

1 km

2 km

3 km

4 km

5 km

Servicii solicitate de utilizatori

Radio FM Video analog 0 50 100 200 300

Video digital
Servicii interactive

400

500

600

700

800 f (MHz)

servicii de band larg pentru abonaii rezideniali VoD (Video on Demand), comer electronic (Home shoping), acces la Internet, multimedia serviciile pot impune transfer simetric asimetrice canalul digital TV va avea nevoie de numai 10-20% din banda cerut n prezent5 pentru canalele analogice.

Interfee cu reeaua de acces

Interfa reea utilizator (UNI) Reea inteligent Acces Transport / trunchi Management reea Interfa cu reeaua de management Interfa cu reeaua de servicii Acces

Reeaua de acces tradiional

CCP

SDI

( (
MDF

Reea primar

Reea secundar

Branament

SDI = Subscriber Distribution Interface CCP = Cross-Connect Point MDF = Main Distribution Frame
7

Caracteristicile cablului de abonat

Table 1/G.991.1 Cable characteristics

Exchange cable 0.5; 0.6; 0.32; 0.4 Main cable 0.3-1.4 Distribution cable 0.3-1.4 Installation cable 0.4; 0.5; 0.6; 0.8; 0.9; 0.63 SQ or TP or UP 2 (aerial) 600 (in house) aerial (drop) in ducts (in house)

SQ (B) or TP (L) 1200

SQ (B) or TP (L) 2400 (0.4 mm) 4800 (0.32 mm) underground in ducts

SQ (B) or TP (L) 600 (0.4 mm) underground or aerial

Tipuri de acces

Reele

de acces

pe perechi de cablu de cupru torsadate

pe cablu coaxial de cupru (ex. CATV) pe fibr optic acces hibrid (cablu de cupru i fibr optic) -FTTB/Cab (Fiber To The Building/Cabinet),
- FTTH (Fiber To The Home) - HFC (Hybrid Fiber Coax)

acces radio
9

Accesul n reelele de acces pe perechi de fire de cupru torsadate

Acces

analogic serviciul telefonic serviciul de comunicaii de date prin MODEM n banda de baz

Acces digital xDSL (xDigital Subscriber Line) IDSL (ISDN DSL) SDSL (Symmetrical single pair high bit rate DSL) HDSL (High bitrate Digital Subscriber Line) ADSL (Asymetrical Digital Subscriber Line) VDSL (Very high-speed Digital Subscriber Line )
10

Accesul n reelele de acces pe perechi de fire de cupru torsadate

Acces prin MODEM n band de baz pentru comunicaii de date

(
SLCA

(
Reea public de telecomunicaii
SLCA
MODEM MODEM

Cablu de abonat folosit pentru comunicaii analogice

SLCA = Subscriber Line Circuit Analog 11

Accesul n reelele de acces pe perechi de fire de cupru torsadate Configuraia de referin pentru xDSL / G.995.1
Access Network Management Q V Core Network SNI
Core Network. Access Network. Network Termination 1 (NT1). Network Termination 2 (NT2). Terminal Adapter (TA). User Terminal. Access Network Management. 12

U Access Network XNI NT1

T NT2 XNI

S TA

R User Terminal
T1531370-99

Accesul n reelele de acces pe perechi de fire de cupru torsadate Configuraia de referin pentru xDSL / G.995.1
V Core Network SNI Access Network XNI U NT1 XNI T NT2 S W TA R User Terminal

V-C Broadband network P H Y ATU-C U-C 2

NT

T-R P H Y

SM T/S Customer Premise network SM

ATU-R

U-R 2 h-p Narrow-band network l-p Splitter C Signal lines Interfaces U-C U-R h-p l-p POTS or ISDN service Splitter R Telephone set voiceband modem, or ISDN terminal
T1531380-99

GSTN or ISDN

13

Interfee standard pentru reeaua de acces : V.5.1. i V.5.2 Acces IDSL (ISDN Digital Subscriber Line)
PSTN

(
Nod de acces PSTN

V.5.1.

ISDN BRA

Nod de comutaie

(
Nod de acces

V.5.2.

ISDN PRA ISDN PRA

Nod de comutaie

ISDN BRA : 2 x B + 1 x D = 2 x 64 + 1 x 16 = 144 kbps ISDN PRA : (SINCRO+) 30 x B + 1 x D =(64 +) 30 x 64 + 1 x 64 = 2048 kbps / E1
14

Interfee standard pentru reeaua de acces : V.5.1. i V.5.2

Acces IDSL (ISDN Digital Subscriber Line) de tip ISDN BRA

(
(
ISDN BRA TE1 NT SLCD

TE1

TE1

NT

Reea public de SLCD telecomunicaii

=Integrated Service Digital Network Base Rate Access = ISDN Terminal = Network Terminal = Subscriber Line Circuit Digital

Comunicaii de voce i/sau date

Debit accesibil de la terminalul ISDN 144 kbps ( 2 x B (64 kbps) + 1 x D (16 kbps) Debitul n linia de abonat 160 kbps (U) O pereche de fire este folosit pentru emisie i recepie de semnal digital NT i SLCD (Subscriber Line Circuit Digital) folosesc supresor de ecou
15

Interfee standard pentru reeaua de acces : V.5.1. i V.5.2

Acces IDSL (ISDN Digital Subscriber Line) de tip ISDN PRA

2 Mbps - 2 perechi de cablu de abonat

Terminal ISDN / PABX Interfaa 2 Mbps Interfaa 2 Mbps

Reea public de SLCD Telecomunicaii

Sisteme de transmisiuni PSD/SDH

SLCD = Subscriber Line Circuit Digitial

Comunicaii de voce i/sau date Debit accesibil de la terminalul ISDN PRA 2048 kps 30 x B (64 kbps) + 1 x D (16 kbps) + 1 x Sincro (64 kbps) Transferul datelor este simetric i poate fi: structurat nestructurat

16

Acces IDSL (ISDN Digital Subscriber Line) de tip ISDN PRA

Conexiune dialup realizat prin router-ul de acces ISDN PRA Alcatel LOGES 2M

LOGES 2M

LAN

S L C D

ISDN

(
S L C D LOGES 2M

SLCA

LAN

17

Acces IDSL (ISDN Digital Subscriber Line) de tip ISDN PRA

Configuraie BRIDGE

Conexiune realizat prin router-ul de acces ISDN PRA Alcatel LOGES 2M

Configuraie BRIDGE
A
LOGES

2 Mbps
2 linii de abonat

B
LOGES ROUTER

191.240.0.0

191.240.0.0

100.32.0.0

Configuraie ROUTER A Gateway 191.240.1.1 100.32.0.0

LOGES 2M 191.240.95.1

B
LOGES 2M 180.222.80.1

2 Mbps
2 linii de abonat

191.240.0.0

188.222.80.0 18

Interfee standard pentru reeaua de acces : V.5.1. i V.5.2

Acces IDSL (ISDN Digital Subscriber Line) pe linii nchiriate

IDSL
Ethernet Continuitate pentru comunicaie simetric ISDN BRA 128 / 144 kbps ISDN PRA 2048 kbps

IDSL
Ethernet

IDSL
Ethernet

E1 / E3 (SDH) Continuitate pentru comunicaie simetric 1984 kbps simetric structurat 2048 kbps simetric nestructurat

IDSL
Ethernet

19

Acces HDSL
(High bit rate Digital Subscriber Line)

2 sau 3 perechi de cablu de cupru 2 Mbps

HDSL NTU

HDSL LTU

2 Mbps

HDSL NTU = HDSL Network Termination Unit (unitatea distant HDSL) HDSL LTU = HDSL Line Termination Unit (unitatea central HDSL)

Obiectivul accesului HDSL Realizeaz transmisia fluxurilor de 2 Mbps pe distane mari (7-8 Km) distribuie semnalele asociate celor 30 canale temporale pe 2 sau 3 perechi de fire, reducnd astfel debitul n linie de aproximativ 2 sau 3 ori folosirea codului de linie 2B1Q care conduce la reducerea debitului n linie de 2 ori
20

Acces HDSL
(High bitrate Digital Subscriber Line)

Codul de linie 2B1Q (Two Binary, One Quaternary)

Primul bit (semn) 1 1 0 0

Al doilea bit (amplitudine 0 1 1 0

Simbol cuaternar (q) +3 +1 -1 -3 (+2,64 V) (+0,88 V) (-0,88V) (-2,64 V)

21

Acces HDSL
(High bitrate Digital Subscriber Line) Arhitectura reelei de acces care utilizeaz tehnologia HDSL
Seciune digital de acces 2 Mbps
HDSL Frame

Interfa aplicaie

I
Parte client 2 Mbps NTU

H M C H H

REG REG REG

H H C M I H
LTU

Interfa aplicaie Partea de reea 2 Mbps

Blocuri functionale: C = Common Circuitry H = HDSL tranceiver I = Interface REG = Regenerator

NTU = Network Termination Unit LTU = Line Termination Unit M = Mapping 22

Acces HDSL
(High bitrate Digital Subscriber Line) Organizarea cadrelor de semnal n tehnologia HDSL

Aplicaie

Interfaa (I)

Mapare (M)

Circuit comun ( C ) HDSL Tranceiver Core Frame HDSL frames

H H H H H

N x 64 kbit/s 2048 kbit/s

2048 kbit/s

2048 kbit/s Core Frame sau Core Frame HDSL frames

23

Acces HDSL
(High bitrate Digital Subscriber Line) Organizarea "Core Frame n unitatea de mapare M
0 1 2 3
4

0 1 2 3 4

. . 35 . . . . . . . . . . . 143

500 ms

. . . . . . . . . . . 35

IT0 IT0 IT0 IT1 TI2 IT3 . . IT14 IT15 IT16 IT16 IT16 IT17 IT18 . . IT31

IT0 IT1 IT4 IT7 IT10 IT13 IT16 IT17 IT20 IT23 IT26 IT29

IT0 IT2 IT5 IT8 IT11 IT14 IT16 IT18 IT21 IT24 IT27 IT30

IT0 IT3 IT6 IT9 IT12 IT15 IT16 IT19 IT22 IT25 IT28 IT31

Octei distribuii pe perechile de cablu 1 3

"Core Frame"

24

Acces HDSL
(High bitrate Digital Subscriber Line)
Organizarea HDSL Frame n echipamentul HDSL pe 3 perechi de fire
7q 1q 12x48 = 582q 5q 582q 5q 582q Sync H B B BH B B B H BB Word O 0 0 1O11 2 O22 H 12 2H 34 4 H56 0 ms. 5q 582q BH B B 3O3 3 6 H78 1 B S 4 Q 8 6 ms

Perechea 1 Z11 Byte 1

Byte 4

Byte 7

....

Byte 34

Perechea 2 Z21 Byte 2

Byte 5

Byte 8

....

Byte 35

Perechea 3 Z31 Byte 3 Byte 6 1 b 8 bits 1/2q 4 quats

Byte 9

....

Byte 36

HDSL Payload Block 1 + 12 x 8 = 97 bits ( 48 quats )

25

Acces HDSL
(High bitrate Digital Subscriber Line) Identificarea liniei de abonat din grupul de 2 sau 3 linii de abonat
Biii Z nm din blocurile B01 B48 (Payload Blocks) se folosesc pentru identificarea uneia din liniile de abonat.
n = indic perechea de linii prin care se face transmiterea (n = 1, 2, 3) m = indic numrul blocului payload (m = 1..48).

Identificarea liniei n DHSL 3 linii de abonat Numr pereche

Identificarea liniei n DHSL 2 linii de abonat

Zm1 Z11 = 1 Z21 = 0 Z31 = 0

Zm2 Z12 = 0 Z22 = 1 Z32 = 0

Zm3 Z13 = 0 Z23 = 0 Z33 = 1

Numr pereche 1 2

Zm1 Z11 = 1 Z21 = 0

Zm2 Z12 = 0 Z22 = 1

1 2 3

26

Acces HDSL
(High bitrate Digital Subscriber Line) Sincronizarea cadrelor HDSL
SW (Synchronisation Word): se transmite pe fiecare linie la ]nceputul cadrului HDSL conine 7 simboluri cuaternare (q) permite receptorului delimitarea corect a cadrelor.

Numrul simbolului cuaternar Secvena

1 +3

2 +3

3 +3

4 -3

5 -3

6 +3

7 -3

27

Acces HDSL
(High bitrate Digital Subscriber Line)

HOH = HDSL OverHead

HOH reprezint antetul format din bii utilizai pentru managementul transmisiei HDSL.
- lost-bit (loss of signal) - pierdere de semnal, - febe-bit (far end block error) permite indicarea deteciei unei erori la recepie - eoc-bits (embedded operations channel) sunt 13 bii folosii pentru ntreinere - crc-bits (Cyclic Redundancy Check) alctuiesc un cod de 6 bii, care permite detecia erorilor la recepie, - ps-bits (power supply) sunt bii utilizai pentru a indica starea sursei de alimentare primar i secundar n NTU, - bpv bit (bipolar violation) permite detecia violrii alternanei simbolurilor n codul de linie, - rta bit (remote terminal alarm) semnalizeaz condiia de alarm intern n LTU, - ali bii pentru ntreinerea regeneratoarelor ( (regenerator prezent, alarm, eroare bloc)

28

Acces HDSL
(High bit rate Digital Subscriber Line) Debitul semnalului transmis prin cadrului HDSL pentru transmisia pe 3 perechi de cabluri
7 q (SW) + (1+5+5+5) q (HOH) + 1 SQ + (4 + 12 + 48 ) q (HDSL Payload Block) (6 x 10-3) s = 392 Kbauds adic 392x103 simboluri cuaternare (quats) (bauds) sau 784 kbit/s pe fiecare perechede cablu.
Z1m Bm Z2m Z3m
q SW HOH B 01 B 48 SQ = Synchronization Word = HDSL OverHead = Payload Block = Stuff Quat

Byte 1 Byte 2 Byte 3

4q

Byte 4 Byte 5 Byte 6

4q

Byte 7 Byte 8 Byte 9

4q

Byte 34 Byte 35 Byte 36

4q

Linia 1 Linia 2 Linia 3 29

-> 48 q

Acces HDSL
(High bit rate Digital Subscriber Line) Debitul semnalului transmis prin cadrului HDSL pentru transmisia pe 3 perechi de cabluri
7 q (SW) + (1+5+5+5) q (HOH) + 1 SQ + (4 + 12 + 72 ) q (HDSL Payload Block) (6 x 10-3) s = 584 Kbauds adic 584x103 simboluri cuaternare (quats) (bauds) sau 1168 kbit/s pe fiecare perechede cablu.
Z1m Bm Z2m
q

Byte 1 Byte 2
4q

Byte 3 Byte 4
4q

Byte 5 Byte 6
4q

Byte 35 Byte 36
4q

Linia 1 Linia 2

-> 72 q

30

Acces SDSL
(Symmetrical Single pair high bit rate Digital Subscriber Line)

Debitul semnalului transmis prin cadrului SDSL pentru transmisia pe 1 pereche de fire de cupru
7 q (SW) + (1+5+5+5) q (HOH) + 1 SQ + (4 + 12 + 144 ) q (SDSL Payload Block) (6 x 10-3) s = 1156 Kbauds adic 1156x103 simboluri cuaternare (quats) (bauds) sau 2304 kbit/s pe fiecare perechede cablu.
Bm Z1m
q

Byte 1
4q

Byte2
4q

Byte 3
4q

Byte 36
4q

Linia 1

-> 144 q

31

Acces ADSL
(Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line) Acces ADSL
802.3

Server IP

ASAM
Sesiune PPP

ANT ATMF-25 ANT CPE ATM PC-NIC

ATM

NSP1

ANT = ADSL Network Termination ASAM = ATM Subscriber Access Multiplexer ATM = Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATMF-25 = ATM Forum 25 Mbps NSP = Network Service Provider

ANT Downstream < 8 Mbps Upstream < 1 Mbps

Acces la servicii de band larg prin folosirea ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode)

Transfer asimetric de date

Adaptarea la diverse tipuri de CPE (Customer Premises Equipment)
32

Acces ADSL
(Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line)
Modem ADSL Modem ADSL Modem ADSL

34 Mbps

R-ASAM

155 Mbps

SDH

Modem ADSL Modem ADSL

ASAM

155 Mbps

Modem ADSL

ATM switch FETH

100 Mbps

ADSL = Asynchronous Digital Subscriber Line ASAM = ADSL Subscriber Access multiplexer ATM = Asynchronous Transfer Mode FEth = Fast Ethernet R-ASAM = Remote ASAM - Mod de transfer ATM (celule ATM) - Uniti de multiplexare a traficului de la mai multe modemuri ADSL (ASAM, R-ASAM) - Transportul datelor prin reeaua de transmisiuni sincron - Conectarea modemurilor ADSL la un ATM switch care prelumgete legtura spre destinatarul solicitat de aplicaie (server IP, alt utilizator al reelei, etc.) 33

Acces ADSL
(Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line)

2 Mbps Modem ADSL 8 Mbps 1 Mbps (4 x 2 Mbps) N x 155 Mbps

Invers Multiplexer

PDH

SDH

ATM switch

FETH 100 Mbps

34

Acces ADSL
(Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line)
PSTN ATM Network IP Network

Voice GW

TMN
DSLAM

OLT

R-DSLAM

ATM = Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATU-R = ADSL Terminal Unir Remote DSLAM = DSL Access Multiplexer GW = GateWay IP = Internet Protocol OLT = Optical Line Termination R-DSLAM =Remote DSLAM TMN = Telecommunication Management Network

ATU-R ( ATU-R (

ATU-R ( ATU-R (

ATU-R (

- Integrarea serviciilor (voce, video, date) - Servicii de band ngust sau de band larg

-Acces la orice tip de reea

35

Acces ADSL
(Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line)

Viteza de ncrcare a unui fiier folosind diverse tehnologii.

timp (minute)
50 40 30 20 10 0 PSTN N-ISDN ADSL

transfer fiier de 2 Mbit/s transfer fiier de 10 Mbit/s

36

Acces ADSL
(Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line)

Caracteristicile accesului ADSL:

- Acces simultan la servicii vocale si de date de band larg. Integrarea serviciilor - Transport de date bazat pe ATM - Rata de transfer maxim: 8 Mbps downstream i 1 Mbps upstream - Adaptarea ratei de transfer n funcie de distanta si de caracteristicile liniei
- Modulaia folosit DTM (Discrete Multi-Tone)

- Lungimea buclei abonatului 6-8 Km - Sensibilitate minim la diafonie obinut prin separare n frecven a transmisiei downstream i upstream - Tratarea difereniat a serviciilor pentru asigurarea QoS (Quality of Service)

- Consum redus de putere

37

Acces ADSL
(Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line)

Aplicaii pentru accesul ADSL:

- Acces Internet la mare viteza, - Transferuri foarte rapide, - acces rapid la paginile de web - VPN-uri (retele virtuale private) metropolitane - Servicii de timp real - Multimedia over IP (date, voce si video) - Tele-learning - Voice over IP - Videoconferinta - Difuziune radio i TV
38

Acces ADSL
(Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line) Modelul reelei de acces ADSL
ASAM ISP ATU-C

Linie de abonat
ATU-R

ISP

Backbon e Network

NT ATU-C ATU-R

ISP

ATU-C

ATU-R

DownStream < 8 M ASAM ATU-C ATU-R NT ISP = ATM Subscriber Access Multiplexer = ADSL Terminal Unit Center = ADSL Terminal Unit Remote = Network Terminal = Internet Service Provider

UpStream < 1 M

Transfer de date asimetric Viteza de transfer a datelor foarte mare Rspunde cerinelor utilizatorilor pentru 39 acces la serviciile Internet

Acces ADSL
(Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line)
Private Network Public Network Premises Network

Service Systems
On-line services Internet Access, LAN access, Interactive Video

Broad-band Network
Narrow-band Network Packet Network

Access Node

downstream 8 Mbit/s upstream 1 Mbit/s splitter

P DN

SM

TE TV

SM

TE PC TV

ATUC

ATUR

SM

TE
I S D N

PSTN
STM ATM ATU-C = ADSL Transmission Unit Central part (at the network end) ATU-R = ADSL Transmission Unit - Remote part PDN = Premise Distribution Network STM/ATM = Synchronous/Asynchronous Transfer Mode

Phone

SM = Service module TE = Terminal Equipment

40

Acces ADSL
(Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line)
Model de referin funcional al accesului ADSL ASAM
ANT
ADSL-LT modem

NT

POTS splitter ATU-C

POTS splitter

ADSL modem

CPE interf.

ATU-R

WAN Central Office

Exchange

(
Customer Premises ANT = ADSL Network Terminal ATM = Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATU-R = ADSL Terminal Unit-Remote CPE = Customer Premises Equipment POTS = Public Old Telecommunication System 41

ADSL = Asymetrical Digital Subscriber Line ASAM = ATM Subscriber Access Multiplexer ATMF-25 = ATM Forum 25 Mbps ATU-C = ADSL Terminal Unit-Central NT = Network Terminal

Acces ADSL
(Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line)

ATM layer

ADSL modem

42

Acces ADSL
(Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line)
Principiul de lucru al tehnologiei DMT (Discret Multi-Tone).

Transmisie p0 x0 p1 x1 zgomot

Recepie p0 x0 p1 x1

Canal hk

pN-1 xN-1

pN-1 xN-1

Pi = purttoare de semnal Xi = flux de date modulator

43

Results ADSL.RLS / SLT 2 WG

SNR (dB)
Signal-Noise Ratio

Bitload (bit/s/Hz)
Upstream
12 12 12 12 12

Channel
1 2 23 24 25

Freq.(kHz)
4,3 8,6 99,2 103,5 107,8

Upstream
38 62 60 59 57

Downstream
-102 -78 6 8 9

Downstream
0 0 2 2 3

28
30 32 36 39 42

120,8
129,4 138,0 155,3 168,2 181,1

55
51 48 4 42 39

11
16 18 22 24 27

12
12 12 12 12 12

4
5 6 7 8 9

46
50 51 56 60 66

198,4
215,6 219,9 241,5 258,8 284,6

36
33 32 29 26 23

30
33 34 37 39 42

11
10 10 9 8 7

10
10 11 12 12 12

70
77 88 91 98 109

301,9
332,1 379,5 392,4 418,3 470,1

20
17 13 11 8 4

44
47 51 53 55 59

6
5 4 3 2 0

12
12 12 12 12 12

44

Acces ADSL
(Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line) Protecia la perturbaii asigurat de DMT
Pereche torsadat
Biti/canal aten. Biti/canal

f bii/canal

Pereche torsadat cu interferen cu o staie radio

biti/canal aten.

f bii/canal aten.

f bii/canal

Cablu coaxial cu semnal TV i interferen cu radio

f canal TV

45

Acces ADSL
(Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line) Utilizarea spectrului de frecven DMT
Putere 4,3 kHz Tonuri nefolosite datorit condiiilor liniei Variaie maxim 7 dB

25 kHz Spectrul folosit date upstream

150 kHz Spectrul folosit pentru date downstream

1,1 MHz

Separarea spectrelor de frecven pentru:

- comunicaii de date (upstream) - comunicaii de date (downstream) - voce

Frecvenele purttoarelor de semnal pentru care raportul S/N (Signal/Noise Ratio) este mic, nu se folosesc n modemul ADSL Comunicaie de date asimetric, care corespunde cerinelor utilizatorilor de servicii de 46 band larg

Acces ADSL
(Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line) Modem ADSL
RS encoder M U X + A T M Trellis coding + Mapper Interleave Echo filter

EFT

TX filter

Filter

RS encoder

RS decoder

RS decoder

Viterbi Decoder + Demapper DeInterleave

EFT

FEQ filter

Decimator

47

Acces ADSL
(Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line)
Controlul QoS pentru serviciile de timp real (voce, video) i de date
bits

ASo AS1 AS2 AS3 LSo LS1 LS2

CTC MUX/ SYNC. Control CTC

A Mux Data Frame

scram

FEC Tone Shuffle Interleave

scram

FEC

Interleaver
C Trellis input Data Frame

B FEC Data Data Frame

FEC Tone Shuffle Interleave Interleaver C Video-Decode Data Frame FEC B FEC Data Data Frame

scram

CTC MUX/ SYNC. Control

scram A

CTC

ASo AS1 AS2 AS3 LSo LS1 LS2

Data Frame

48

Acces ADSL
(Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line)
Controlul QoS pentru serviciile de timp real (voce, video) i de date
Superframe (17 msec)
Frame 0 Frame 1 Frame 2 Frame 66 Frame 67 Sync. Simbol

Frame (68/69 x 250msec)

Fast data buffer Interleaced data buffer

Fast byte Fast data

FEC

Interleaced data

k octei multiplexai n punctul A

serviciile de timp real (voce, video) fast data buffer serviciile de date interleaved data
49

Acces ADSL
(Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line)
Seciune digital de acces ATM cu una sau mai multe interfae UNI

Access Network
UNI B-TE B-TE SB/TB xDSL B-NT xDSL B-LT VB
Access Distribution Network

SNI SN

BADS (Broadband Access Digital Section)

B-LT = Broadband Line Terminal B-NT = Broadband Network Terminal B-TE = Broadband Terminal Equipment SN = Secure Network SNI = Secure Network Interface xDSL = x Digital Subsciber Line

50

Acces ADSL
(Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line)
xDSL : B NT cu interfa ATM UNI
B NT
ATM UNI B-TE UNI Term.

ATM VP/VC XC

TC-F
TC-I

Fast Interleaved

Management B - NT

ATM B-TE NIC TC-F TC-F VC VP UNI XC

= Asynchronous Transfer Mode = Broadband Terminal Equipment = Network Interface Circuit = Terminal Circuit Fast = Terminal Circuit Interleaved = Virtual Circuit = Virtula Path = User Network Interface = Cross - Connect

ATM UNI (PC ATM NIC): - 25 Mbps - ETS 300 811 - 51 Mbps - ATM Forum AF PHY 0018 0000

51

Acces ADSL
(Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line)
xDSL : B NT cu interfa non ATM UNI (10/100 Ethernet) TS 101 012
B NT
ATM VP/VC XC
TC-F
TC-I Fast Interleaved

non- ATM UNI B-TE R IWU

Management B - NT

ATM = Asznchronous Transfer Mode B-TE = Broadband Terminal Equipment IWU = Inerface Working Unit TC-F = Terminal Circuit Fast TC-F = Terminal Circuit Interleaved VC = Virtual Circuit VP = Virtula Path UNI = User Network Interface XC = Cross - Connect

52

Acces ADSL
(Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line)

Splitter ADSL
CO splitter POTS CO ADSL
Transciever

Terminal splitter
LPF

LPF

POTS TE
HPF

HPF

DC Block

DC Block

ADSL
Transciever

xDSL LTU DC Block = DC blocking function HPF = High Pass Filter LPF = Low Pass Filter LTU = Line Terminal Unit NTU = Network Termianl Unit POTS = Public Old Telecommunication System CO = Centrol Office TE = Terminal Equipment

xDSL - NTU

53

Acces ADSL
(Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line)

Variante de echipare splitter pentru multiple POTS TE

Subscriber line

Splitter central

ADSL

POTS TE

POTS TE

POTS TE

Subscriber line
Microfilter Microfilter Microfilter

ADSL

POTS TE

POTS TE

POTS TE 54

Acces ADSL VDSL

(Very (Asymmetrical high speed Digital Digital Subscriber Subscriber Line) Line)

-Transmisie de date pentru servicii de band larg pe linia abonatului: - acces la informaiile WEB - tele-educaie - servicii la cerere (ex. E-commerce) - teleworking - transfer fiiere - acces Internet - interconexiune LAN - Modulaie DMT (Discrete Multi Tone) - Interoperabilitate cu ADSL - VDSL suport servicii simetrice sau asimetrice.
55

Acces VDSL
(Very high speed Digital Subscriber Line)

Rate de transfer tipice pentru VDSL. Rata de transfer a datelor downstream (Mbps) 52 Rata de transfer a datelor upstream (Mbps) 6,4

Lungimea liniei (m)

300

300
1000 1000 1500

26
26 13 13

26
3,2 13 1,6

56

Model de referin VDSL

-C U2-C U1-C
Interfa de reea specific aplicaiei LT PSTN/ ISDN Perechi de CU torsadate VTU-C VTU-R ISDN = Integrated Service Digital Network LT = Line Terminal NT = Network Terminal PSTN= Public Switching Telecommunication Network VTU-C = VDSL Terminal Unit Central VTU-R = VDSL Terminal Unit Remote 57

-R U2-R U1-R
Splitter
NT PSTN/ ISDN Interfa de reea specific aplicaiei

Splitter

Date Voce

Planuri de frecven VDSL

Transmisie DUPLEX FDD (Frequency Division Duplexing)

Plan
997
0,138 3,0 5,1 7,5 12 MHz

998
0,138 3,75 5,2 8,5 12 MHz

FX
0,138 2,5 3,75 Fx 12 MHz 58

Aplicaiile ADSL i VDSL

Aplicaia
nvmnt la distan Lucru la distan Multiple canale TV Acces Internet Web hosting Video conferin Video la cerere Video interactiv Telemedicin TV cu nalt rezoluie Multiple canale VoD

Debit downstream
384 kbps-1,5 Mbps 1,5 Mbps-3 Mbps 6,0 Mbps-24 Mbps 400 kbps- 1,5 Mbps 400 kbps- 1,5 Mbps 384 kbps- 1,5 Mbps 6,0 Mbps-18 Mbps 1,5 Mbps-6,0 Mbps 6 Mbps 16 Mbps 18 Mbps

. Debit upstream
384 kbps-1,5 Mbps 1,5 Mbps-3 Mbps 64 kbps 640 kbps 128 kbps 640 kbps 400 kbps-1,5 Mbps 384 kbps-1,5 Mbps 64 kbps 128 kbps 128 kbps-1,5 Mbps 384 kbps-1,5 Mbps 64 kbps 64 kbps 640 kbps

ADSL
Da Nu Nu Da Da Da Da Da Da Nu Nu

VDSL
Da Da Da Da Da Da Da Da Da Da Da 59

Aplicaiile ADSL i VDSL

Full services pe o singur reea
Video la cerere (VoD)

Multimedia .
Difuziune TV digital

Acces rapid la Internet

nvmnt la distan

Telemedicin

Video interactiv

Video conferin

TV cu nalt rezoluie

Comer electronic

Publicaii electronice

Lucru la distna

Jocuri video

Muzic/video la cerere

60

Evolu ia tehnologiilor ADSL i VDSL Aplicaiile ADSL i VDSL

5 4,5 4 3,5 3

ADSL VDSL

2,5
2 1,5 1 0,5 0 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 61

SURPASS hiE IP Local Access Network overview

IP Converged Access
ISDN

SURPASS hiE 9200

NetManager
for common management

DLU
POTS
PBX

ISDN PRI R2 SURPASS hiG 1600

Switch

Any Access

MGCP H.323 SIP-T

H.248 ACP

SS7

STP

POTS/ISDN

ISDN

IP Network

SURPASS hiG Media GW for Trunks

DLU IP
POTS IADs CPGs POTS
PBX

IP Direct Access

IP-IP GW SURPASS hiG 50 POTS ISDN IP PBXs IP Phones & Clients

SURPASS hiX 5500/5200

Data

PRI

62

SURPASS hiX One Platform Three Products

AGW unit

POTS (optional) Combo ADSL/ISDN Combo ADSL/POTS SHDSL VDSL

Controller unit / Edge Interface

Voice Line Frame

ISDN (optional)

STM-x/OC-x GbEthernet,

DSLAM

ADSL Splitter Unit

63

CONCLUZII
Adaptarea reelei de acces la cerinele clienilor privind accesul la serviciile: - acces la informaiile WEB - tele-educaie - tele-medicin - servicii la cerere (ex. E-commerce) - teleworking - transfer fiiere - acces Internet - interconexiune LAN

Tipul serviciilor solicitate din punct de vedere al vitezei de transmisie - servicii de band ngust - servicii de band larg
Tipul accesului din punct de vedere al debitului necesar pe sensurile de transmisie downstream i upstreamde transmisie - acces simetric - acces asimetric 64

CONCLUZII
Tipul reelei de acces digital Debitul pentru downstream Debitul pentru upstream Lungimea maxim a liniei abonatului 7-8 Km 2 Km 2 Km 2 Km

IDSL IDSNBRA ISDN-PRA - structurat dialup - structurat linie nchiriat - nestructurat linie nchiriat SDSL HDSL -pe 2 linii de abonat -pe 3 linii de abonat ADSL VDSL

160 (144) kbps 2048 (1920) kbps 2048 (1984) kbps 2048 kbps

144 kbps 2048 (1920) kbps 2048 (1984) kbps 2048 kbps

1156 Kbauds (2304 Kbps) 584 Kbauds (1168 Kbps) 392 Kbauds (784 Kbps) 6 Mbps 4 Mbps 52 Mbps 26 Mbps 26 Mbps 13 Mbps 13 Mbps

1156 Kbauds (2304 Kbps) 584 Kbauds (1168 Kbps) 392 Kbauds (784 Kbps) 0,64 Mbps 0,32 Mbps 6,4 Mbps 26 Mbps 3,2 Mbps 13 Mbps 1,6 Mbps

7-8 Km 7-8 Km 7-8 Km

1,4 Km 2,8 Km 300 m 300 m 1000 m 1000 m 1500 m

65