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epithelial cell
too sticky: the cilia cannot beat and remove the mucus, which then clogs up airways
too runny: the mucus can flood the airways
mucus
apical membrane
pump
H2O
4
3 Cl-
Na+
H2O
tissue fluid
Na+
2
Cl-
mucus
4
H2O
H2O
5
basal membrane
pump
Na+
H2O
tissue fluid
Na+
H2O 3
mucus
X
Na+ channel open
CFTR nonfunctional
basal membrane
The CFTR protein cannot block the sodium channels so they are always open
Cl-
H2O
tissue fluid
Symptoms: Severe coughing - to remove excess mucus. Breathlessness - shortage of oxygen increases tiredness and lack of energy Infections - as bacteria are trapped in mucus
Sperm duct is blocked During the menstrual and prevents cycle the levels of movement of sperm mucus vary. Women with CF have thick levels of mucus which can block the cervix so sperm cannot reach them.
Food is not digested and absorbed sufferers fail to put on body mass and suffer malnutrition.
Trapped digestive enzymes damage the pancreatic cells affecting cells producing insulin resulting in diabetes.