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YM-4015
Spinning Calculations
Semester 8 Fall 2012
Laboratory Manual
Prepared by:
National Textile University Sheikhupura Road Faisalabad Copyright 2009 National Textile University All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means without written permission from the National Textile University.
Fall 2012
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LABORATORY SCHEDULE
COURSE CODE COURSE TITLE: ACTIVITY: SR. NO. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 YM-4015 SPINNING CALCULATIONS PRACTICAL TITLE OF PRACTICAL Study of gearing on bale opener Study of gearing on scutcher Study of gearing on card Study of gearing on draw frame Study of gearing on lap former Study of gearing on comber-1 Study of gearing on comber- 2 Study of draft and twist gearing mechanism of simplex for making the given roving REVIEW & COMPLETION OF RECORD MID EXAM 9 10 11 12 13 14 Study of lifter and tension gearing mechanisms of simplex for making given roving Study of gearing on ring frame-1 Study of gearing on ring frame- 2 Study of gearing on doubling frame Study of driving mechanisms on mach coner Study of gearing on open end machine REVIEW & COMPLETION OF RECORD
FINAL VIVA BY FACULTY
SEMESTER: 8TH
DEPTT: WEEK 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th 16th 17th 18th
YMD
AUTHOR NAME
FINAL EXAM
Fall 2012
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Semester: 8th
PRACTICAL # 1
Study of gearing on bale opener
Objectives: 1. 2. 3. (i) (ii) (iii) To become familiar with the gearing diagram To know different change places To make gearing diagram and calculate the followings: Rotary and surface speeds of different rollers Beats per min and beats per inch Production in lbs per hour
Equipment, tools and materials: Bale opener (BF opener by TOYODA), Tool box, Measuring tape, White chalk, Copy and Pencil Procedure: Note the gearing drive of BF opener a draw a neat and clean sketch of the gearing of the machine. Count the number of teeth of different gears. Measure the diameter of bowl by using cage and measuring tape. Note the rpm of motor and determine the rotary speed of rollers (evener roller, stripped roller and clearer roller) using gearing drive. Determine the surface speeds of different lattices by using the surface speed of bowls. Find out the linear speed of lattices. Safety measures: Calculate the number of teeth of gears precisely. Measure the diameter of bowl accurately. Operate with the machine with a great care and in switched off condition of machine. Questionnaire: What is the function of Evener Roller? How production is controlled? What type of faults may occur? What are the remedies of these faults? Conclusions: Briefly describe your findings.
Fall 2012
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PRACTICAL # 2
Study of gearing diagram of scutcher
Objectives: 1. To become familiar with the gearing diagram 2. To know different change places of scutcher 3. To make gearing diagram and calculate the followings: (iv) Rotary and surface speeds of different rollers (v) Individual and total drafts, range of draft as well as draft constant (vi) Beats per min and beats per inch (vii) Shell roller acceleration at doffing and doffing time (viii) Production and production constant (ix) Lap length in yds and lap length constant (x) Size of length change wheel for a lap length of 40 m (xi) Production in lbs per h if lap weight per yd is one pound Equipment, tools and materials: Scutcher installed in spinning lab, tool box, calipers, copy, pencil and chalk Procedure: - Open the covers to become aware about the hidden parts and mechanisms. - Make the sketch of gearing diagram. - Check the change points of scutcher. - Count the teeth of gears, measure the diameter of pulleys, rollers and belt thickness - Close the covers. Safety measures: Cut off the electrical connections before opening the covers Remove the belts before touching any gear or moveable part of the machine Use gloves to touch any oily and greasy part Make measurements and counting carefully Questionnaire: What is the function of piano motion? How lap length is controlled? What type of lap faults may occur? What are the remedies of these lap faults? Conclusion: Briefly describe your findings.
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PRACTICAL # 3
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PRACTICAL # 4
Safety measures: Operate with the machine carefully when the machine is OFF. Show the correct drives in the gearing diagram. Calculate the accurate diameters of rollers and their rotary speeds.
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Questionnaire: What is the function of different parts? How draft is controlled? What type of faults may occur? What are the remedies of these faults? Conclusion: Briefly describe your findings.
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PRACTICAL # 5
Equipment, Tools and Materials: Copy, pencil, tool box, calipers and chalk, Lap former installed in spinning lab Procedure: Open the covers to become aware about the hidden parts and mechanisms. Make the sketch of gearing diagram. Check the change points Count the teeth of gears, measure the diameter of pulleys, rollers and belt thickness Close the covers. Questionnaire: Describe the methods of lap preparation for comber What are the points which are considered important for making comber lap? Conclusion: Briefly describe your findings.
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PRACTICAL # 6
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PRACTICAL # 7
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Semester: 8th
PRACTICAL # 8
Study of draft and twist gearing mechanism of simplex for making the given roving
Objectives: 1. To understand how to make required gearing. 2. To understand the mechanism of draft and twist gearing including control points. 3. To prepare the frame for given roving count and TM. 4. To calculate the followings. (i) Rotary speed of Flyer. (ii) Rotary and linear speeds of bottom drafting rollers. (iii) Inter drafts of all drafting zones. (iv) Total mechanical draft (v) Draft constant. (vi) Range of total mechanical draft. (vii) Actual draft from given feeding and delivery materials. (viii) Size of D.C.P for making required roving count. (ix) Delivery rate of front drafting roller. (x) T.P.I, T.P.C and T.P.M. (xi) Twist constant. (xii) Range of T.P.I. (xiii) Size of required T.C.P for given roving T.M. Equipment, Tools and Materials: Feeding sliver and delivered roving, Roving Frame along with change gears, Empty bobbins of Roving Frame, Feeding Sliver Fan, Wrapping drum, Weighing balance Calculator Procedure: Stop the machine. Remove the feeding and delivered materials. Open the machine covers. Study the draft and twist gearing including various control points. Make sketch of draft and twist gearing showing all change points. Get size of belts, pulleys and gears and drafting rollers. Decide about the required roving count along with its T.M. Calculate the draft and twist constant. Make required calculation including size of various change gears such as D.C.P and T.C.P. Replace the old change gears with new gears. Close the covers. Run the machine and make required roving count. Make testing required roving counts. Verify the results. Compare the given gearing with the gearing of old Roving Frame. Questionnaire: Why and when the draft is changed? Why and when twist is changed? Why and when T.M of roving is changed?
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Semester: 8th
Define Draft and Twist Constant. What are the uses of Draft and Twist Constants? Conclusion: Briefly describe your findings
Fall 2012
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Semester: 8th
PRACTICAL # 9
Study of lifter and tension gearing mechanisms of simplex for making given roving Objectives: 1. To know how to make required gearing. 2. To under stand the lifter and tension control mechanisms. 3. To calculate the followings: (i) Rate of delivery in inches/mint. (ii) Coils per min for 1st layer for the given bobbin dia. (iii) Rotary speed of lifter shaft. (iv) Linear speed of bobbin rail in inches/min. (v) Coil per inch for given C.M. (vi) Lifter constant. (vii) Range of C.P.I. (viii) Size of lifter wheel (L.C on F.L 16) for given value of C.M. (ix) Rate of winding in inches/min at initial (1st layer) as well as at mid cone drum dia. (x) Value of Roving tension. (xi) Value of Kp (co-efficient) for given variables on F.L 16 Roving Frame. (xii) Value of n (Increased layers per inch) for given Hank Roving. (xiii) Size of Ratchet or Patent wheel for given Hank Roving. Equipment, Tools and Material: Given sliver for feeding, Bobbin of given Roving Frame, Roving Frame (F.L-16) along with change gears, Empty roving bobbins, Warping Drum, Weighing Balance, Calculator Procedure: Open the machine covers. Study the lifter gearing. Study the gearing for controlling winding rate and hence winding tension. Make sketch of lifter gearing and the gearing giving drive to bobbin showing all change points. Get all observations. Decide about the value of CM and CPI for given roving material and count. Calculate the size of lifter wheel. Calculate the value of n (No. of increased layers) Calculate the value of Kp and Rachet or Patent Wheels. Replace the old gears with new gears. Close the covers. Run the machine and check actual CPI. Check roving tension throughout the whole package building. Verify the results. Compare the gearing with the gearing of old roving frame. Questionnaire: What is lay and how it is denoted? Why and when CPI is changed? When and why roving tension is changed?
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Semester: 8th
What are minor and major control points of Roving tension? What are the variables for the value of Kp on F.L 16? Conclusion: Briefly describe your findings
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Semester: 8th
Experiment # 10
Study of Draft and Twist Gearing for making the given yarn on the given Ring Frame-I Objectives:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. To understand how to make required gearing. To understand the mechanism of draft and twist gearing including control points. To understand the role of these gearings. To get data for draft and twist calculations. To prepare the frame for given yarn count and TM. To calculate the followings. (i) RPM of Spindle. (ii) Rotary and surface speeds of bottom drafting rollers. (iii) Inter drafts of all drafting zones. (iv) Total mechanical draft (v) Draft constant. (vi) Range of total mechanical draft. (vii) Actual draft from given feeding and delivery materials. (viii) Size of D.C.P for making required yarn count. (ix) Delivery rate of front drafting roller. (x) T.P.I, T.P.C and T.P.M. (xi) Twist constant. (xii) Range of T.P.I. (xiii) Size of required T.C.P for given yarn T.M.
Procedure:
Stop the machine. Remove the feeding and delivered materials. Open the machine covers. Study the draft and twist gearing including various control points. Make sketch of draft and twist gearing showing all change points. Get size of belts, pulleys and gears and drafting rollers. Decide about the required yarn count along with its T.M. Calculate the draft and twist constant. Make required calculation including size of various change gears such as D.C.P and T.C.P. Replace the old change gears with new gears. Close the covers. Run the machine and make required yarn count. Make testing required yarn counts. Verify the results.
Questionnaire:
Why and when the draft is changed?
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How the draft is changed? How twist is denoted? Why and when twist is changed? How TPI is changed? Why and when T.M of yarn is changed? How the T.M of yarn is changed? Define Draft and Twist Constant. What are the uses of Draft and Twist Constants? What are the total changes due to change of D.C.P? What are the total change due to change of T.C.P?
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Semester: 8th
Experiment # 11
Study of lifter and tension gearings on the given Ring Frame
Objectives: 1. To know how to make required gearing. 2. To under stand the lifter and tension control mechanisms. 3. To get the required data from the given gearing. 4. To calculate the followings: (i) Rate of delivery in inches/mint. (ii) Coils per minute. (iii) Linear speed of ring rail in inches/mint. (iv) Coil per inch for given C.M. (v) Lifter constant. (vi) Range of C.P.I. (vii) Size of lifter wheel for given value of C.M. (viii) Rate of winding in inches/minute.
Procedure:
Open the machine covers. Study the lifter gearing. Study the gearing for controlling winding rate and hence winding tension. Make sketch of lifter gearing and the gearing giving drive to bobbin showing all change points. Get all observations. Decide about the value of CM and CPI for given yarn count. Calculate the size of lifter wheel. Replace the old gears with new gears. Close the covers. Run the machine and check actual CPI. Check yarn tension throughout the whole package building. Verify the results.
Questionnaire:
What is lay? How lay is denoted? Why and when CPI is changed? How CPI is changed? What is the use of lifter constant? How yarn tension is changed? What are minor and major control points of yarn tension? Conclusion: Briefly describe your findings
Fall 2012
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Semester: 8th
PRACTICAL # 12
Study of gearing on doubling frame
Objectives: 1. To know how to make required gearing. 2. To get the required data from the given gearing. 3. To calculate the followings: (i) Rate of delivery in inches/mint. (ii) Coils per minute. (iii) Linear speed of ring rail in inches/mint. (iv) TPI Equipment, Tools, and Materials: Doubling frame, Spanners, Inch measuring tape, Empty bobbins of doubling frame, Yarn count testing arrangement Procedure: Draw the twist gearing, gearing of drives of ring rail and of lappet rail. Measure the diameters of pulleys and also the thicknesses of belts. Calculate the spindle speed. Measure the diameters of delivery rollers. Determine the throw of the building cam and chase length of package were also determined. Calculate the number of teeth of the gears. Determine the yarn count, its TPI, twist direction and strength of a given single yarn in the testing lab. Calculate linear speed of ring rail and coils per inch. Also calculate the value of doubling twist in opposite direction to produce a balanced yarn from the given single yarn by using the formula: Doubling twist = (spinning twist * N) / (N+1) Where N are number of yarns to be plied Calculate the size of new twist wheel as under: TCP = T.C / T.P.I Replace the old twist wheel with the new one. Run the machine and get the required balanced doubled yarn. Then stop the machine and calculate the again the testing parameters of this yarn with the new twist wheel. Calculate the production per spindle in kg/day Safety measures: Operate with the machine carefully and in its OFF condition. Draw the correct gearing of the machine. The old twist wheel must be replaced with new one to make the required doubled yarn.
Questionnaire:
How to change TPI? How yarn tension is changed? What are minor and major control points of yarn tension? Conclusion: Briefly describe your findings
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PRACTICAL # 13
Equipment, Tools and Materials: Tool box, copy, pencil, and chalk, Murata Mach-coner installed in spinning lab Procedure: Open the covers to become aware about the hidden parts and mechanisms. Dismantle one winding unit from machine Make the sketch of driving mechanisms. Observe the function of each cam Count the teeth of gears, measure the diameter of pulleys, and belt thickness Reassemble the winding unit on the machine Close the covers. Questionnaire: How ring bobbin is changed after winding complete yarn of bobbin? What is the function of yellow button? How drum is stopped after completion of cone length or diameter? Conclusion: Briefly describe your findings
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Semester: 8th
EXPERIMENT # 14
Study of Draft and Twist Gearing for making the given yarn on the Autocoro Frame Objectives:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. To understand how to make required gearing. To understand the mechanism of draft and twist gearing including control points. To understand the role of these gearings. To get data for draft and twist calculations. To prepare the frame for given yarn count and TM. To calculate the followings. (i) RPM of Rotor. (ii) Total mechanical draft (iii) Draft constant. (iv) Range of total mechanical draft. (v) T.P.I, T.P.C and T.P.M. (vi) Range of T.P.I.
Procedure:
Stop the machine. Remove the feeding and delivered materials. Open the machine covers. Study the draft and twist gearing including various control points. Make sketch of draft and twist gearing showing all change points. Get size of belts, pulleys and gears and drafting rollers. Decide about the required yarn count along with its T.M. Make required calculation. Close the covers. Run the machine and make required yarn count. Make testing required yarn counts. Verify the results.
Questionnaire:
Why and when the draft is changed? How the draft is changed? How twist is denoted? Why and when twist is changed? How TPI is changed? Why and when T.M of yarn is changed? How the T.M of yarn is changed? Define Draft and Twist Constant. Conclusion: Briefly describe your findings
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