DETERMINATION OF PULL-UP TO PULL-DOWN RATIO FOR AN nMOS INVERTER DRIVEN BY ANOTHER nMOS INVERTER Consider the arrangement shown

in fig; which an inverter is driven from the output of another similar inverter. Consider the depletion mode transistor for which =0 under all conditions, and further assume that in order to cascade inverters without degradation of levels.

Fig n eqns

PULL-UP TO PULL-DOWN RATIO FOR AN nMOS INVERTER DRIVEN THROUGH ONE OR MORE TRANSISTOR Consider the arrangement as shown; in which the input to inverter 2 comes from the output of inverter 1 but passes through one or more nMOS transistors used as switches in series(called pass transistors).