Voltage Coefficient of Capacitors Comparison & Solutions

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Capacitor Technology Comparison

StableoverVDC

UnstableoverVDC

Capacitor Type

Derating Voltage Temp

Advantage Pros NonPolarized SmallSize TransientResistant LowCost NonPolarized TransientResistant Stability:Voltage &Temp HighCap&HighVDC SurgeVDCResistant Self S lfH Healing li Openfailuremode(Typ) LowCost Stability:Voltage Long L Lif Lifetime ti SmallSizes Stability:Voltage&Temp

Weakness Cons Large L Voltage V lt Coefficient C ffi i t&A Aging i

(X7R,X5R,Y5V)

Ceramic

None

None

Limitedcaprange Shortfailuremode(Typ) Large g Size HigherCost LimitedSolderingHeat Polarized LimitedLifetime LargeSize Polarized LowVDC Limitedsurgeresistance Shortfailuremode(Typ)

Film

None

None

Aluminum Electrolytic*

None

None

Tantalum Electrolytic

Yes

Yes

* AluminumElectrolyticincludesliquidelectrolyte,hybridconstructionandsolidpolymertypes

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Voltage Coefficient - X5R MLCC

TypicalX5R VDCVoltageBias 22uF 6.3VDC, 22uF, 6 3VDC 0805, 0805 X5R, X5R MLCC
21

120H HzCapacitanceV Value(uF)

18.46 16

18.63

18.06 16.05

UnstableoverVDC

11

12.17

Weaknessinlowvoltage(<16V)MLCCsislargevoltagecoefficient Largedecreaseincapacitancevalueat50%ofratedVDCiscommon

1 0v 1VDC

Applied li dVoltage l ( (VDC) )

1.2VDC

1.8VDC

3VDC

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Voltage Coefficient - X5R MLCC

4.7uFX5R 4V&6.3V

UnstableoverVDC

X5R dielectricismostpopularforhighcapacitance(>1uF)MLCCsinsmallsizes
4Vand6.3Vratingsarecommontoday ExhibitlargecapacitancevaluedecreaseunderappliedVDC 2VDCapplied li dcanresult l in i 35 35~45% 45%capacitance i value l d decrease
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Voltage Coefficient - Y5V MLCC

1.0uFY5V
1.40

1.0uFY5V16VDC0805SizeMLCC
1.20 1.15 1.00 1.14

1KH HzCapacitanceV Value

0.98 0.80

X7R,X5R&Y5Varenotsuggestedforuseincircuit
applicationswherestabilityovervoltage(ortimeor temperature)aredesignrequirements
0.62

0.60

UnstableoverVDC
0.40 0.41 0.30 0.20 0.24 0.20 0.17 0.15

0.00 0 1 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

AppliedVoltage(VDC)
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Voltage Coefficient Comparison

1.0uFComparison
NSPH HighCapacitanceSMTFilmChipCapacitors
SMTFilmcapacitorsofferstabilitynot possiblefromhighcapacitanceMLCCs

NSPH stabilityadvantageoverhighcapacitanceMLCCscapacitors
StableoverVDC FilmCapacitor

X7R CeramicMLCC

UnstableoverVDC

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Voltage Coefficient Comparison

100uFComparison
UnstableoverVDC AluminumElectrolytic y Capacitor p StableoverVDC CeramicMLCCCapacitor

ClassII&III(X7R,X5R&Y5V)MLCCsexhibitlargevoltagecoefficient ThegraphsaboveshowtypicalchangeincapacitanceofAluminumElectrolytic(left)andCeramic MLCC(right)withVDCfrom0~10VDCapplied Biasgreaterthan1VDCresultsindecreaseincapacitancevalueontheMLCC.(Your100uFwillNOTbe

100uFatitsratedworkingvoltage)

AluminumElectrolyticCapacitors(NPCseriesshown)exhibitsminimalchangeincapacitancevaluewith ratedvoltageapplied
Electrolyticcapacitorsarenonferroelectricwithaverylowdielectricconstant.Theircapacitanceis
derivedfromaveryhighsurfaceareaandnanometerthickdielectriclayers.Theircapacitanceisnota functionof f fapplied pp voltage. g
DesignSolutionsForDCBiasInMultilayerCeramicCapacitors(August2010ElectronicEngineeringTimes)
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Impedance (Z) Shift Due to Voltage Coefficient Comparison

100uFComparison p
StableoverVDC UnstableoverVDC

CeramicMLCCCapacitor
AluminumElectrolyticCapacitor NoChange!
Large Change!

MLCCshavelowerimpedance(Z)overFrequency(SeegraphatRight) ButMLCCimpedance(Z)isunstable overVDCbias With10VDCbiasappliedimpedanceMLCCexhibitsupto500KHzfrequencyshift Impedance(Z)ofAluminumElectrolyticCapacitorisverystable(SeegraphatLeft) AluminumElectrolyticCapacitorNOCHANGEinimpedancecharacteristics,versusDCVoltage

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SMT Capacitor Technology Offering

CapacitanceVoltageRangeComparison SMTCapacitors(1uF~2200uF/2.5VDC~100VDC)
V l Voltage

100VDC 80VDC 63VDC 50VDC 35VDC 25VDC 16VDC 12.5VDC 10VDC 8VDC 6.3VDC 4VDC 2 5VDC 2.5VDC

Capacitance 1.0uF

2.2uF

3.3uF

4.7uF

10uF

22uF

33uF

47uF

100uF

150uF

220uF

330uF

470uF

1000uF 2200uF

Icon

Type TantalumElectrolytic

Format SMTFlatChip

ComponentImage

CeramicChip MLCC

SMTFlatChip

Use NIC QuickBUILDER Tool to easily select & compare capacitors

www.niccomp.com/quickbuilder/qb_capacitor.php

AluminumElectrolytic

SMTVChip

SolidAluminumElectrolytic

SMTFlatChip

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SMT Capacitor Technology Offering

SMTCeramicMLCCCapacitors;TCs&CaseSizes
VoltageRating (VDC) X7R 100V X7R X7R
1210,1812, 2220,2225 1210,1812, 1210,1812, 1825,2220,2225 1825,2220,2225

NSPH isnewlyreleased
X7R
2220&2225

X7R
2220&2225

HighCapacitanceSMTFilmChipCapacitors
X7R
2220

X7R 50V
0805,1206,1210 1812,1825,2220

X7R
1210,1812, 1825,2220

X7R
1210,1812, 1825,2220

X7R NSPH

X7R X7R
1210

X7R
2220

1812,1825,2220 1812,1825,2220

NSPH
2220

Advantage
NSPH

35V X7R 25V

0805,1206,1210 1812,2225

1812

X5R
1210

Advantage
NSPH X7R
1206&1210

Advantage
NSPH X7R
1206

X5R
1210

X7R
2225

X7R
1206,1210,2225

NSPH
2220

X7R
1210&1812

g Advantage NSPH NSPH

2220

PleasereviewtoassureNSPH meetscircuitvoltageand current requirementsofcircuit Advantage

NSPH NSPH
2220

X5R
0603&0805

X5R
0805&1206

X5R
1206

X5R
1206&1210

NSPH
1812

X5R
1206&1210

X7R 16V
0603,0805,1206 1210,1812

X7R
1206

X7R
0805,1206,1210

Advantage NSPH NSPH

1812

X7R
1206&1210

NSPH
2220

X5R
0402,0603,0805

X5R
1206

X5R
0603,0805,1206

X5R
1206

X5R
0805,1206,1210

X5R
0805,1206,1210

X5R
1206&1210

X7R 10V
0603,0805,1206 1210,1812

X7R
1206

X7R
0805,1206,1210

X7R
1206&1210

X5R
0402,0603,0805

X5R
0402,0603, 0805,1206

X5R
0805&1206

X5R
0603,0805 ,1206,1210

X5R
0805,1206,1210

X5R
1206&1210

X7R
0805

X7R
0805

X7R
1206

6.3V X5R
0402,0603,0805

X5R
0402

0402,0603,0805 0603,0805,1206 ,1206,1210

X5R

X5R

X5R
1206

X5R
0805,1206,1210

X5R
0603,0805,1206

X5R
1206&1210

X5R
1210

4V 1.0uF 1.5uF 2.2uF 3.3uF 4.7uF 6.8uF CapacitanceValue

X5R 0603 10uF 15uF 22uF

X5R
1206

47uF

100uF

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Summary

Summary:
ClassII&II(X7R,X5R&Y5V)MLCCswillexhibit largevoltagecoefficient(capacitancevalue
decreasedwithappliedVDC)

ImpedancecharacteristicsshiftoverVDCiscommonwithhighcapacitanceMLCCs ForstabilityoverVDC,looktoelectrolytic(aluminumortantalum)orfilmcapacitors

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Technical Support

AdditionalInformationNeeded? NeedSamples?
European Engineering Support

TechnicalSupport:tpmg@niccompcom SalesSupport:sales@niccomp.com sales@niccomp com

North America Engineering Support SE Asia Engineering Support

NICComponentsoffersuniqueperformancepassivecomponentsthatprovideadvantagestodesignengineersto createhighperformanceendproductsinsmallerandlowertotalcostformats SurfaceMountSMTformats(highspeedautoplacement) PbFreeReflowCompatible(hightemperaturereflow) Performanceadvantagesovercompetingtechnologies

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