INTRODUCTION & DEFINITION:

Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into a natural environment that causes instability, disorder, harm or discomfort to the ecosystem i.e. physical systems or living organisms. Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy, such as noise, heat or light. Pollutants, the elements of pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants. Pollution is often classed as point source or nonpoint source pollution. The Blacksmith Institute issues an annual list of the world's worst polluted places. In the 2007 issues the ten top nominees are located in Azerbaijan, China, India, Peru, Russia, Ukraine and Zambia.

WATER POLLUTION

POLLUTION DUE TO CITY SEWAGE AND INDUSTRIAL WASTE DISCHARGED INTO THE RIVERS
WHEN TOXIC SUBSTANCES ENTER LAKES, STREAMS, RIVERS, OCEANS, AND OTHER WATER BODIES, THEY GET DISSOLVED OR LIE SUSPENDED IN WATER OR GET DEPOSITED ON THE BED. THIS RESULTS IN THE POLLUTION OF WATER WHEREBY THE QUALITY OF THE WATER DETERIORATES, AFFECTING AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS. POLLUTANTS CAN ALSO SEEP DOWN AND AFFECT THE GROUNDWATER DEPOSITS. WATER POLLUTION HAS MANY SOURCES. THE MOST POLLUTING OF THEM ARE THE CITY SEWAGE AND INDUSTRIAL WASTE DISCHARGED INTO THE RIVERS. THE FACILITIES TO TREAT WASTE WATER ARE NOT ADEQUATE IN ANY CITY IN INDIA. PRESENTLY, ONLY ABOUT 10% OF THE WASTE WATER GENERATED IS TREATED; THE REST IS DISCHARGED AS IT IS INTO OUR WATER BODIES. DUE TO THIS, POLLUTANTS ENTER GROUNDWATER, RIVERS, AND OTHER WATER BODIES. SUCH WATER, WHICH ULTIMATELY ENDS UP IN OUR HOUSEHOLDS, IS OFTEN HIGHLY CONTAMINATED AND CARRIES DISEASE-CAUSING MICROBES. AGRICULTURAL RUN-OFF, OR THE

WATER FROM THE FIELDS THAT DRAINS INTO RIVERS, IS ANOTHER MAJOR WATER POLLUTANT AS IT CONTAINS FERTILIZERS AND PESTICIDES.

WATER POLLUTION HAS ALSO AFFECTED DAILY LIFE OF THE PEOPLE. SOME OF THE PEOPLE, ESPECIALLY WHO DO NOT HAVE ACCESS TO THE MODERN AMENITIES ARE T DIRECTLY AFFECTED BY IT. THE PICTURE ABOVE SHOWS HOW CHILDREN BELONGING TO THE LOWER STRATA OF THE SOCIETY HAVE TO LIVE WITH POLLUTION WITH DIRECT CONSEQUENCE TO THEIR HEALTH. IN THE 1950S PEOPLE IN JAPAN BECAME ILL WITH A NEW DISEASE NAMED MINIMATA. IT WAS TRACED TO EATING TUNAFISH CONTAMINATED WITH MERCURY. IT IS TIME TO BE AWARE OF THESE DANGERS AND ONE HAS TO LEARN FROM HISTORY A LOT. WE NEED TO BE VIGILANT AND CONSCIOUS.

AIR POLLUTION

AIR POLLUTION FROM INDUSTRIES

AIR POLLUTION IS A MIXTURE OF SOLID PARTICLES AND GASES IN THE AIR. CAR EMISSIONS, CHEMICALS FROM FACTORIES, DUST, POLLEN AND MOLD SPORES MAY BE SUSPENDED AS PARTICLES. OZONE, A GAS, IS A MAJOR PART OF AIR POLLUTION IN CITIES. WHEN OZONE FORMS AIR POLLUTION, IT'S ALSO CALLED SMOG.

COALDUST TRUCK
SMOG HANGING OVER CITIES IS THE MOST FAMILIAR AND OBVIOUS FORM OF AIR POLLUTION. BUT THERE ARE DIFFERENT KINDS OF POLLUTIONSOME VISIBLE, SOME INVISIBLETHAT CONTRIBUTE TO GLOBAL WARMING. GENERALLY ANY SUBSTANCE THAT PEOPLE INTRODUCE INTO THE ATMOSPHERE THAT HAS DAMAGING EFFECTS ON LIVING THINGS AND THE ENVIRONMENT IS CONSIDERED AIR POLLUTION. CARBON DIOXIDE, A GREENHOUSE GAS, IS THE MAIN POLLUTANT THAT IS WARMING EARTH. THOUGH LIVING THINGS EMIT CARBON DIOXIDE WHEN THEY BREATHE, CARBON DIOXIDE IS WIDELY CONSIDERED TO BE A POLLUTANT WHEN ASSOCIATED WITH CARS, PLANES, POWER PLANTS, AND OTHER HUMAN ACTIVITIES THAT INVOLVE THE BURNING OF FOSSIL FUELS SUCH AS GASOLINE AND NATURAL GAS. IN THE PAST 150 YEARS, SUCH ACTIVITIES HAVE PUMPED ENOUGH CARBON DIOXIDE INTO THE ATMOSPHERE TO RAISE ITS LEVELS HIGHER THAN THEY HAVE BEEN FOR HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF YEARS. SMOG SOME AIR POLLUTANTS ARE POISONOUS. INHALING THEM CAN INCREASE THE CHANCE YOU'LL HAVE HEALTH PROBLEMS. PEOPLE WITH HEART OR LUNG DISEASE, OLDER ADULTS AND CHILDREN ARE AT GREATER RISK FROM AIR POLLUTION. AIR POLLUTION ISN'T JUST OUTSIDE THE AIR INSIDE BUILDINGS CAN ALSO BE POLLUTED AND AFFECT YOUR HEALTH.

LAND POLLUTION

LAND POLLUTION CAUSING HAZARD TO ANIMALS

LAND IS THE HOME TO COUNTLESS CREATURES BIG AND SMALL. HOWEVER, THIS HABITAT IS BEING REDUCED TO A DANGER ZONE BY THE PEOPLE BECAUSE OF UNWANTED WAYS OF USING AND DUMPING THINGS. THESE

UNSCIENTIFIC METHODS OF GARBAGE GATHERING CAN BE CANCEROUS AT TIMES AS FOUND IN THE NORTH AMERICA AT FIRST. INDUSTRIAL WASTE AND OTHER POLLUTING CHEMICALS ARE AT TIMES DISPOSED OF BY THE BIG INDUSTRIAL HOUSES WITHOUT CONCERN TO EXISTING LAWS.

DUMPING SITE NEAR A RESIDENCE

PEOPLE DUMP THE PLASTIC, POLYTHENE BAGS, WOOD AND PAPER MATERIALS VERY CLOSE TO A RESIDENCE. THE WOOD AND PAPER MATERIALS DECAY BUT THE OTHERS NEVER DECAY AS A RESULT OF WHICH DEVELOPMENT OF PLANTS GROWING IN THAT AREA IS HAMPERED LEADING TO DEGRADATION OF THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT.

SOLUTION

TREATMENT OF GARBAGE
RIDDING OUR WORLD OF POLLUTION IS AN UNIMAGINABLY A BIG TASK. THERE ARE SO MANY PEOPLE FOR ONE THING. ALSO MANY GOVERNMENTS AND BIG COMPANIES ARE ALSO SLOW TO ACT SINCE ANTI-POLLUTION MEASURES ARE OFTEN UNPOPULAR OR UNPROFITABLE. POLLUTION MUST BE CONTROLLED, AND SOONER RATHER THAN LATER. IT WILL COST MUCH BOTH IN MONEY AND CHANGE OF LIFE STYLE. THERE ARE MANY DIFFERENT POLLUTANTS IN THE MODERN WORLD. SCIENTIST ARE TRYING TO FIND WAY TO AVOID USING THEM OR TO COUNTERACT THEIR HARMFUL EFFECTS SO AS TO RESTORE THE BALANCE OF NATURE WHICH MAN HAS UPSET.