LECIA 7.

- PARTEA NTI
Pentru nceput iat cteva cuvinte noi. Citii cu voce tare: brother > [braDY] - frate friend horse ship cigarette the fourth year foot radio song music family > > > > > > > > > > > Trend] Tio:rs] !ip] >igret] [Dz fo:rTs] na J [fut] re/diou] [son(g)] m/'u:zik] fEmili] n alt ordine: [iir] [ip] fEmili] Tio:rs] Trend] re/diou] m/'u:zik] [braDzr] sigret] (g)i sonV6'] [Dz fo:rTs]
r

- prieten - cal - nav, vapor - igar - al patrulea, a patra - an (calendaristic) - laba piciorului - radio - cntec, melodie - muzic - familie

Acum repetai cuvintele year ship family horse friend radio music brother cigarette song the fourth foot > > > > > > > > > > > >

- an (calendaristic) - nav, vapor - familie - cal - prieten - radio - muzic - frate - igar - cntec, melodie - al patrulea, a patra - laba piciorului

[fut]

S folosim aceste cuvinte n propoziii:

My brother is looking at a > [ma/ braDzr iz lukin^

big horse.

Bring me your cigarettes! I hear a song on the radio. We are going to England by ship tomorrow. Our family likes to visit London. My friend is coming to me this year. I live in the fourth house in this street. Look at his right foot! Do you like music? Et big ho: s] > [brin^ mi: /o:r sigrets] > [ai hi:r son^ on Dz re/diou] > [ui: a:r gouin^ tu inglnd bai ip tmorou] > [aur fEmili la/ks tu vizit landn] > [mai frend iz kamin^ tu mi: D s na J > [ai liv in Dz fo:rTs haus in Dzis stri:t] > [luk Et hiz ra/t fut] > [du iu la/k m/u:zik] Fratele meu se uit la un cal mare. Aducei-mi igrile voastre! Aud o melodie la radio. Mine mergem n Anglia cu vaporul. Familiei noastre i place s viziteze Londra. Prietenul meu vine la mine anul acesta. Locuiesc n a patra cas din aceast strad. Uit-te la piciorul lui drept! ntr-una din propoziii figureaz o expresie. Reinei-o! on the radio > [on Dz re/diou] - i place muzica? - la radio n continuare completai propoziile cu Este un radio n aceast fabric? Nu cunoatem aceast familie. Vd un cal pe fereastr. Cum se simte piciorul tu? La anul merg la coal. igrile lor sunt pe birou. Lui i place s mearg cu trenul i cu vaporul. El este al patrulea frate de-al meu. Mamei tale i place muzica? Prietenul meu nu are surori. Iubesc acest cntec. cuvintele englezeti care lipsesc: - Is there a >radio in this factory? - We don't know this >family . - I see a > horse through the window. - Is your >foot all right? - I'm going to school in a >year . - Their > cigarettes are on the desk. - He likes to go by train and by > ship, - He is my > fourth brother. - Does your mother like > music ? - My > friend has no sisters. - I love this >song. -2-


f
Dup cum ai observat, naintea substantivului music (muzic) nu st nici \ ^ i i n fel de articol. Urmrii cu atenie felul n care se folosete cuvntul of n urmtoarele expresii: a cup of coffee > [ kap ov kofi] - o ceac de cafea, a lot of cars > [ lot ov ka:rz] - o mulime de maini a piece of paper > [ pi:s ov pe/pr] - o bucat de hrtie some of my friends > [sam ov mai frendz] - civa prieteni de-ai mei Iat cuvintele noi care figureaz n expresiile de mai sus: cup > [kap] coffee > [kofi] a lot of > [ lot ov] piece paper > [pi:s] > [pe/pr] - ceaca - cafea - o mulime de, foarte mult, foarte muli - bucat - hrtie Cuvntul of se folosete la formarea structurii posesive (ceva/cineva aparine cuiva). n limba englez putem exprima cantitatea i msura (ct din ceva) cu aceast structur. De ex.: a cup of coffee - o ceac de cafea (din toat cantitatea de cafea) Folosim de asemenea some of Iat denumirea ctorva alimente n limba englez: tea beer water sugar jam honey cheese bread butter > [ti:] > [bir] > [ o:ta ] > [Ugr] > [djEm] > [hani] > [ti:z] > [bred] > [batr] - ceai - bere - ap - zahr - gem, dulcea - miere (de albine) - cacaval, brnz - pine - unt cuvntul of in expresia de mai jos: - ctva, civa, nite, ceva

- 3S exersm aceste cuvinte. Traducei n limba englez: cafea i ceai > coffe and tea pine i unt (pine cu unt) > bread and butter cacaval i dulcea > cheese and jam bere i ap > beer and water zahr i miere > sugar and honey Cuvintele de mai sus sunt substantive care nu au plural. Exist i n limba romn asemenea substantive, de exemplu: zahr, fasole, sete, miere. Aceast categorie cuprinde -printre altele-substantivele care indic materiale (substane): 1. lichide, de exemplu: coffee, tea, water, beer

2. substane solide, de exemplu: sugar, coffee 3. gaze, de exemplu: air [er] - aer 4. combinaiile materialelor de mai sus: bread (fin + ap), cheese (produs din lapte) etc. Nu uitai c naintea acestor substantive nu folosim articolul nehotrt a/an". Substantivul money" face parte tot din aceast grup. (Atenie! Denumirea monedei are plural, de ex.: dolar", leu".) Acum s exersm n propoziii substantivele care nu au plural. Traducei n limba englez: Vreau s am o mulime de bani. > I want to have a lot of money. Vrei cafea? Ai pine cu dulcea? > Do you want coffee? > Have you bread with jam? Biatul acela mnnc pine cu miere. >That boy is eating bread with honey. Banii mei sunt pe mas. >My money is on the table. Pentru exprimarea cantitii folosim urmtoarele dou cuvinte: many much >[meni] >[mat] Sa vedem cateva exemple: She has many cars. I haven't much money. >[i: hEz meni ka: z] >[a/ hEvnt mats mani] ntrebrile referitoare la cantitate n limba englez sunt: Howmany? > [hau meni] How much? De exemplu: How many people do you know? How much sugar do you want? [hau mats] > [hau meni pi:pl du iu: nou] > [hau mAt ug du iu: ont] muli, multe, numeroi, numeroase (se folosete doar cu substantivele care au plural) mult, mult (se folosete cu substantivele care nu au plural) Ea are multe maini. Nu am muli bani. ci? cte? (n cazul substantivelor care au plural) ci? cte? (n cazul substantivelor care au nu plural) Ci oameni cunoti? Ct zahr vrei? Iar acum s exersm cele de mai sus. Completai propoziile cu cuvintele englezeti care lipsesc: Ea are multe cri englezeti. Nu am mult ceai. Ct pine vrei s mncai? Ct bere vor s aduc? Avem muli prieteni. Ct ceai vrei? Cte ceti de ceai vrea sora Dvs.? Cte buci de cacaval ai pe mas? - She has > many English books. - I haven't > much tea. _ > How much bread do you want to eat? _ > How much beer do they want to bring? - We have > many friends. _ > How much tea do you want? _ > How many CUpS 0f tea does your sister want? _ > How many pieces of cheese have you on the table? -4-

D3

(Expresia a lot of poate fi folosit att cu substantive care au plural ct i cu substantive care nu au plural. S nvm cteva cuvinte noi: cheap > [ti:p] expensive together a little > [ lit I ] dog more than because less than around fast what about easy to buy > [ikspensiv] > [tgeDzr] > [dog] > [mo:r DzEn] > [bikoz] > [les DzEn] > [raund] > [fa:st]

> [uot baut] > [i:zi] > [tu ba/] - ieftin - scump, costisitor - mpreun - puin, ctva, ceva (cu substantive care nu au plural) - cine - mai mult/mai mult dect, mai muli/mai multe dect - pentru c, fiindc, deoarece - mai puin dect, mai puin de - n jurul, prin apropiere - repede, iute, rapid - ce ar fi s...? cum stm cu...? ce mai e cu ...? - uor, simplu - a cumpra, a face cumprturi Iar acum s folosim cuvintele noi n propoziii. Citii-le cu voce tare i fii ateni la pronunie: The chairs are around the > [Dz terz a:r raund table. These ships are fast. D a te/bl] > [Dzi:z ips a:r fa:st] English is easy. > [inglis iz i:zi] I have more cars than you. > [a/ hEv mo:r ka:rz DzEn ni:l Buy me this bicycle! > [ba/ mi: Dzis ba/sikl] It's cheap. > [its tsi:p] I'm not buying this house > [a/m not ba/in^g) Dzis because it's expensive. haus bikoz its ikspensiv] He has less money than his > [hi: hEz les mani DzEn brother. hiz braD ] Scaunele sunt n jurul mesei. Aceste vapoare sunt rapide. Engleza este uoar. Am mai multe maini dect tine. Cumpr-mi aceast biciclet! Este ieftin. Nu cumpr aceast cas, deoarece este scump. El are mai puini bani dect fratele su. -5Give me a little beer, please. > [giv mi: liti bir pli:z] What about Mary? Do you love your dog? Are we going there together? > [uot baut meri] > [du iu: lav io:r dog]

r u- - ( g ) > [a: 1: gouin D ea V rog, dai-mi puin bere. Ce mai e cu Mria? V iubii cinele? Mergem mpreun acolo? tgeDzr] Reinei deosebirile dintre expresiile de mai jos. Ambele se folosesc cu substantive care nu au plural! a little little

1 have a little money. I have little money.

- puin, ctva, ceva - mic, puin - Am ceva bani. - Am puini bani. Cuvntul little se poate folosi i ca adjectiv, i se traduce: mic, infim. n acest caz naintea lui poate sta i un articol, de ex.: She has a little dog. - Ea are un cine mic. Completai propoziiile urmtoare folosind cuvintele noi: Am doi cini i i iubesc. Prima main este ieftin, a doua este scump. Peste o sptmn mergem mpreun n Anglia. Am mai puin bere dect Petre.

I have two > dogs and I love them. The first car is > cheap and the second is > expensive. In a week we are going to England > together. I have > less beer than Peter.

"Peter has less money than Mary."

-6Este uor s seri? Vreau s mnnc puin pine. Vrei mai muli bani? El se plimb n jurul acestei cldiri. El se plimb ntotdeauna repede? Ce este n legtur cu mine? lata cateva verbe noi: to sit to smoke to worry to sing > [tu sit] > [tu smouk] > [tu on] > [tu sin^] Is it > easy to write? I want to eat > a little bread. Do you want > more money? He is walking > around this building. Does he always walk > fast ? > What about me? - a se aeza, a edea - a fuma - a se neliniti, a se ngrijora, a-i face griji - a cnta Iat aceste verbe noi n propoziii. Citii cu voce tare: Where do you want to sit? > [Uer du iu: "ont tu sit] How many cigarettes do you > [hau meni sigrets du iu: smoke every day? Mother always worries about her daughters. She is singing a nice song on the radio now. smouk evri de/] Z r lU . u r> -l' > [maD a o:l ezz onz baut h:r do:trz] > [i: iz sin^in^ na/s son^ on Dz re/diou nau Unde vrei s stai? Cte igri fumezi/fumai zilnic? Mama se ngrijoreaz ntotdeauna pentru fiicele sale. Acum ea cnt o melodie plcut la radio. ncercai s traducei urmtoarele propoziii n limba englez! Ea fumeaz mai mult dect tatl ei. > She smokes more than her father. Nu-i face griji!/Nu v facei griji! > Don't worry! El vrea s cnte o melodie uoar. > He wants to sing an easy song. Vrem s ne aezm aici. > We want to sit here. -6Iar acum vom nva folosirea genitivului cu apostrofa, (the Saxon Genitive [Dz sEksn djenitiv] ) n limba englez. Se folosete de obicei pentru numele de fiine. 1. Singular: Genitivul se formeaz punnd n fa posesorul urmat de un apostrof, i litera -s". Apoi urmeaz obiectul posedat, care poate fi obiect sau fiin: > [meriz ka:r] Maina Manei. Tatl Mriei. Plural: Mary's car Mary's father > [meriz fa:Dzr] Dac substantivul este la plural i se termin cu litera -s atunci se adaug doar un apostrof: maina frailor mei my brothers' car > [ma; braDzrz ka:r] Dac substantivul aflat la plural nu se termin n -s atunci se adaug att apostroful ct i terminaia -s: > [Dzi:z pirplz haus] casa acestor oameni these people's house De exemplu:

My mother's brother has a nice car. Where is your father's office? This is my friends' house. Do you like Mary's dog? Do you know our driver's sister? Their brother's bicycle is very good. I always take my friend's son with me. Our family's car is fast. - Fratele mamei mele are o main frumoas. - Unde este biroul tatlui tu? - Aceasta este casa prietenilor mei. - i place cinele Mriei? - O cunoti pe sora oferului nostru? - Bicicleta fratelui lor este foarte bun. - Totdeuna l iau cu mine pe fiul prietenului meu. - Maina familiei noastre este rapid. Completai urmtoarele propoziii folosind cuvintele care lipsesc: His brother's friend Prietenul fratelui su este i prietenul meu. Cartea acestei fete este pe mas. Vd casa surorii mele. Vrei s m duci la apartamentul fratelui tu? Cine vrea s vad birourile tatlui nostru? .^w jg ajgo my frjen(j _ >This girl's book ig on me tabJe i ^my sister's house. - I see > J - Do you want to take me to >^our brother's apartment ? Who wants to see > our father's offices, Dac substantivul (posesorul) nu este nume de fiin, atunci se folosete cuvntul of pentru exprimarea genitivului: the window of this room > [Dz "indou ov Dzis ru:m] fereastra acestei camere n cazul fiinelor, se pot folosi ambele construcii, cu acelai neles: my father's room = the room of my father my friends' car = the car of my friends n limba englez genitivul cu apostrof se utilizeaz mai frecvent. n exerciiul urmtor, transformai genitivul cu apostrof n genitivul format cu prepoziia of. Dac transformarea nu este posibil, repetai propoziia original: my brother's daughter a cup of coffee my father's book a house of Mary the bicycle of my brother my son's room a month of the year the rooms of the house the mouth of the horse two pieces of bread their friend's sister > the daughter of my brother > a cup of coffee > the book of my father > Mary's house > my brother's bicycle > the room of my son > a month of the year > the rooms of the house > the horse's mouth > two pieces of bread > the sister of their friends i acum s nvm un nou verb: can [kEn] - a putea, a fi capabil, a ti. Face parte din grupa verbelor auxiliare modale, ceea ce nseamn c forma lui este identic la toate persoanele iar verbul care-l urmeaz nu are particula to. Iat cteva exemple! I can drive a car. > [ a i kEn dra/v ka: ] She can give you this book. > [si: kEn giv i u : Dzis
>iill3

buk] My brother's friend can sing > [ m a i braDzrz frend kEn this song. sin^ Dzis son^] They can sit on these chairs. > [Dze/ kEn sit on Dzi:z terz] tiu s conduc (o main). Ea poate s-i dea aceast carte. Prietenul fratelui meu poate s cnte acest cntec. Ei pot s stea pe aceste scaune. -8Traducei urmtoarele propoziii: Pot s mnnc zece mere. Sora mamei mele tie s vorbeasc englezete. Ei pot s plteasc biletele noastre. Putem s fumm n aceast camer. Poi s vorbeti cu noi despre asta. > I can eat ten apples. > My mother's sister can speak English. > They can pay for our tickets. > We can smoke in this room. > You can talk with us about it. Interogativul se formeaz prin inversarea ordinii verbului auxiliar can i a subiectului, de ex. : I can sing. Her sister can drive. We can take the car. They can go for a walk. His friends can speak English. Can I sing? Can her sister drive? Can we take the car? Can they go for a walk? Can his friends speak English? Pot s cnt? Sora ei tie s conduc? Putem s lum maina? Ei pot s mearg la plimbare? Prietenii lui tiu s vorbeasc englezete? n continuare traducei propoziiile n limba englez: Pot s vin ei aici dup-amiaza? > Can they come here in the afternoon? Pot s iau aceast carte? > Can I take this book? Fratele dumneavoastr tie s vorbeasc englezete? Fiul lui tie s cnte? > Can your brother speak English? > Can his son sing? Rspunsuri le scurte se formez cu pronumele personal i verbul can. In rspunsuri negative verbul can este urmat de cuvntul not, iar forma prescurtat este can't [ka:nt]. Reinei c expresia complet se scrie mpreun: cannot [kEnot]. Exersai rspunsurile scurte n limba englez: Can your daughter sing? > [kEn i o : r do:tr sin(g)] Yes, she can. No, she can't. Can you drive? Yes, I can. No, I can't. > [/es i: kEn] > [nou i: ka:nt] > [kEn /u: dra/'v] > [/'es a i kEn] > [nou a i ka:nt] Fiica ta tie s cnte? Da. Nu. tii s conducei? Da. Nu. -8Forma negativ cannot sau can't se folosete i n propoziii afirmative: I can't sing. > ra; ka:nt sin^l - Nu Pot s cantShe cannot open the door. [i: kEnot oupn D do:r] Ea nu poate deschide ua. i acum s exersm tot ceea ce am nvat pn acum. Traducei n limba englez urmtoarele propoziii: Pot s te vizitez mine. Ea nu poate mnca aceast brnz. Pot s fumez n aceast camer? Poi s-1 atepi. Pot s-mi arate casa lor? Tatl lui nu poate vorbi acum cu dumneavoastr. Putem s scriem aceasta pentru tine. > I can visit you tomorrow. > She can't eat this cheese. > Can I smoke in this room?

> You can wait for him. > Can they show me their house? > His father can't talk with you now. > We can write it for you. ntrebrile formulate cu verbul can pot ncepe i cu pronume interogative. i n acest caz se inverseaz ordinea, de ex.: Where can I see these books? Who can read this letter? When can she come to us? Who can't go there? Unde pot vedea aceste cri? Cine poate citi aceast scrisoare? Cnd poate veni ea la noi? Cine nu poate s mearg acolo? S exersm interogativul cu verbul can". Traducei n limba englez: La ce or poate s vin? Cnd pot s iau aceste scrisori? Unde putem s v ateptm? Cine tie s cnta? Cine nu tie romnete? > What time can he come? > When can I take these letters? > Where can we wait for you? > Who can sing? > Who can't speak Romanian? i iat ultimele cuvinte noi din aceast parte a leciei. Citii cu atenie i repetai cuvintele urmtoare: better > [betr] the best > [Dz best] why which whose > [Ua/] > [uit] > [hu:z] - mai bun, mai bine - cel mai bun, cel mai bine - de ce? pentru ce? din ce cauz? - care, pe care, ce - al, a, ai, ale cui crui /crei /cror how [hau] cum?, n ce fel? -9Urmrii felul n care se folosesc aceste cuvinte n propoziii: Which car is better? > [uit ka:r iz betr] How can I write this letter? > [hau kEn ai ra/t D is letar] Why are you worrying? You are my best friend. This plane is the best. Whose is this bicycle? ,u . r . u (g)n > [ ai a: /u: ornn J > [ai: a:r mai best frend] > [Dzis ple/n iz Dz best] > fhu:z iz D is ba/sikl] Care main este mai bun? Cum pot s scriu aceast scrisoare? De ce te ngrijorezi? Eti prietenul meu cel mai bun. Acest avion este cel mai bun. A cui este aceast biciclet? Completai urmtoarele propoziii n limba englez Al cui stilou este acesta? Aceast carte este cea mai bun. Care scaun este mai bun? De ce nu poi mnca asta? Nu tiu cum s scriu asta. > Whose pen is it? This book is > the best. > Which chair is better? > Why can't you eat this? I don't know > how to write it. Am ajuns n faza recapitulrii materiei din acesta parte a leciei. nainte de a continua, convingei-v de faptul c ai nvat temeinic fiecare cuvnt i ai neles fiecare regul. Traducei n limba englez: Ale cui cntece le cnt ei acum? De ce nu poi merge acolo cu vaporul? Peste trei ani voi cumpra o main. Ct pine cu unt poi mnca? Care carte pot s o iau? Ci cini are sora prietenului tu? Ct zahr dorii? Nu pot fuma aici, deoarece fratelui Mriei nu-i place. Dai-mi dou ceti de cafea. Am ceva bani. Avem puin brnz.

Putem merge acolo mpreun? Ferestrele acestei camere sunt mari. > Whose songs are they singing now? > Why can't you go there by ship? > In three years I'm buying a car. > How much bread and butter can you eat? > Which book can I take? > How many dogs has your friend's sister? > How much sugar do you want? > I can't smoke here, because Mary's brother doesn't like it. > Give me two cups of coffee. > I have a little money. > We have little cheese. > Can we go there together? > The windows of this room are big.

LECIA 7. - PARTEA A DOUA

Urmeaz din nou cteva cuvinte noi. Citii cu voce tare: poor > [pu'] [po:r] _ srac, srman, biet rich > ["t] - bogat cat > [kEt] _ pisiC tonight > [tna/'t] _ disear, ast sear, n noaptea asta to drink > [tu drin(g)k] _ a bea summer > [samr] _ Var park > [pa: k] - parc tree > [tr':] - copac, arbore, pom apple > [Epl] - mar Iat aceleai cuvinte, n alt ordine: cat > [kEt] _ pisic summer > [sam ] _ var apple > [Epl] - mar poor > [pu ] [po:] - srac tonight > [tna/t] _ disear, ast sear, n noaptea asta park > [pa: k] _ parc rich > ["t] - bogat to drink > ftu drin(g)k] - a bea tree > [tr';] - copac, arbore, pom - 10 S folosim cuvintele noi n propoziii: Her mother's brother is a poor man. That rich woman has three houses. Can we go to the park? > [h:r maDzrz braDzr iz po:r mEn] > [DzEt rit uumn hEz s T ri: hauziz] > [kEn ui: gou tu Dz pa: k] I want to have many trees in my garden. I can't drink beer tonight. > [ a i uont tu hEv meni tri:z in m a i ga:rdn] > [ a i ka:nt drin^k bir tna/t] I like to eat apples in summer. What do cats like to drink? > [ a i la/k tu i:t Eplz in sam ] > [uot du kEts la/k tu drin(g)k]
r r

- Fratele mamei ei este un om srac. - Femeia aceea bogat are trei case. - Putem merge n parc?

- Vreau s am muli copaci n grdin. - Nu pot s beau bere disear. - mi place s mnnc mere vara. - Ce le place pisicilor s bea?

Amintii-v de expresia: in summer - vara

Completai propoziiile urmtoare folosind cuvintele corespunztoare: Ei vin la noi disear. Vrei s fii bogat? Aceast srman pisic nu are cas. Ea de ce poate bea bere i eu nu? Vara mergem des n parc. Aceste mere sunt scumpe. mi place s privesc copacii.
- They are coming to us > tonight. - Do you want to be > rich? - This > poor cat has no home. - Why can she > drink beer, and 1 can't? - In > summer we often go to the > park. - These > apples are expensive. - I like to look at > trees. Complementul de timp never [nevr] nseamn - niciodat, nicicnd. In limba englez aceasta este un cuvnt de negaie, de aceea alturi de el nu poate fi folosit nici un alt cuvnt de negaie n propoziie. > [ a i nevr drin'^k bir] She never goes to work in > [i: nevr gouz tu u:rk I never drink beer. She never goi the morning. in D a mo: ninV6 ] Eu nu beau niciodat bere. Ea nu merge niciodat la lucru dimineaa. Traducei urmtoarele propoziii, folosind complementul le timp never" - niciodat: Ei nu pot niciodat s conduc o main. > They can never drive a car. Eu nu m plimb niciodat n parcul acela. > I never go for a walk to that park. Eu nu cnt niciodat cntece. > I never sing songs. Ei nu cumpr niciodat brnz. > They never buy cheese. El de ce nu vrea niciodat s-mi vorbeasc? > Why does he never want to talk to me?
- 11 -

Iat cteva cuvinte noi. Aceste sunt adjective: tall short large big great > [to:l] > [o:rt] > [la:rdj] > [big] > [gre/t] - nalt, mare - scurt - mare, spaios, larg - mare, voluminos - mare, mre, remarcabil

Completai spaiile libere folosind cuvintele corespunztoare: Nu intru niciodat n cldirile nalte. Ei caut o cas spaioas. Tu eti un prieten remarcabil. Privete aceast cldire mare! Scrisoarea ei este scurt. S nvm cteva verbe noi: to forget > [tu forget] - a uita, a nu-si aminti I never enter > tall buildings. They are looking for a > large house. You are a > great friend. Look at this >big building! Her letter is >short.

to stop to listen (to)

> [tu stop] > [tu lisn] a opri, a nceta, a ntrerupe a asculta, a fi atent (la) S folosim aceste verbe n propoziii:

I always forget to write a > [a/ o:lue/z forget tu ra/t letter to her. letr tu h:r] We often stop near this shop. >[Ui: ofn stop nir Dzis op] >[lisn pin^k flo/d a:r sin(g)in(g)] Listen! Pink Floyd are singing. I like to listen to the radio > [a* la/k tu lisn tu Dz in the evening. re/diou in Dzi hvnin^] - ntotdeauna uit s-i scriu (ei) o scrisoare. - Ne oprim des lng acest magazin. - Ascult! Cnt Pink Floyd. Seara mi place s ascult radioul. Atenie! Verbul to stop are dou nelesuri: a se opri pentru a face ceva, sau a nceta s fac ceva. She wants to stop to smoke. She wants to stop smoking. Ea vrea s se opreasc ca s fumeze. Ea vrea s se lase de fumat.

DSP
Atunci cnd verbul to stop" nseamn a nceta", dup el urmeaz verbul cu terminaia ,,-ing" fr particula to. Dac to stop" nseamn a se opri", atunci verbul care-1 urmeaz este nsoit de particula to" i nu are terminaia ,,-ing". 12 Traducei n limba englez urmtoarele propoziii: Acum vreau s ascult melodiile acestea. Nu uitai c pot s scriu aceasta pentru dumneavoastr. M opresc ntotdeauna aici ca s privesc aceast cldire. Nu mai vreau s merg cu autobuzul i vreau s cumpr o main. > 1 want to listen to these songs now. > Don't forget I can write it for you. > I always stop here to look at this building. > I want to stop going by bus and buy a car. Iat i alte cuvinte noi. Repetai-le: without something too ever forever between or good night > [uiDzaut] > [samTsin(g)] > [tu:] > [evr] > [forevr] > [bitui:n] > [o:r] > [gud na/t] - fr, lipsit de - ceva - prea, foarte - vreodat, cndva - pentru totdeauna, mereu, venic - ntre (dou obiecte), dintre - sau, ori - noapte bun Exersai cuvintele noi n alt ordine: ever or without too forever good night something between [ev > [o: ] > [uiDzaut] > [tu:] > [forevr] > [gud na/t] > [samTsin(g)] > [bitui:n] vreodat, cndva sau, ori fr, lipsit de prea, foarte pentru totdeauna, mereu, venic

noapte bun ceva ntre (dou obiecte), dintre - 13 Iar acum s folosim aceste cuvinte n propoziii. Citii cu voce tare i fii ateni la pronunia corect: My office is between this > [ma/ ofis iz bit i:n D is building and the restaurant. We can't buy this car because it's too expensive. bildin(g) End Dz restro:nt] > [ui: ka:nt bai Dzis ka:r bikoz its tu: ikspensiv] I can't work without music. > [a/ ka:nt u:rk uiDzaut I want to talk with you about something. I can't wait forever! Good night! I'm going home. m/u:zik] > [a/ uont tu to:k uiDz iu: baut samTsin'8^] > [a/ ka:nt ue/t forevr] > [gud na/t a/m gounr6 houm] Does he ever read books? > [daz hi: evar ri:d buks] Do you want tea or coffee? > [du iu: uont ti: o:r kofi] Biroul meu este ntre aceast cldire i restaurant. Nu putem cumpra aceast main deoarece este prea scump. Nu pot lucra fr muzic. Vreau s vorbesc cu tine despre ceva. Nu pot atepta venic (o venicie)! Noapte bun! Merg acas. El citete vreodat cri? Vrei ceai sau cafea? Completai cuvintele care lipsesc n urmtoarele propoziii n limba englez: El este prea srac ca s zboare cu avionul. Fratele meu st ntre aceste dou fete. Au s-i arate ceva. Noapte bun! O grdin fr copaci nu este frumoas. Vreau s cumpr cartea aceasta sau aceea. El lucreaz vreodat acas? Nu pot s-1 caut mereu. He is > too poor to fly by plane. My brother is sitting > between these two girls. They have > something to show you. Good > night! A garden > without trees isn't nice. I want to buy this > or that book. Does he > ever work at home? I can't look for it > forever Urmeaz un exerciiu de recapitulare. Traducei n limba englez! > My friend's brother can sing these songs. Fratele prietenului meu poate s cnte aceste cntece. Ea vrea s-mi arate calul ei. D-mi dou ceti de cafea i puin pine. > She wants to show me her horse. > Give me two cups of coffee and a little bread. Aceasta este cea mai bun muzic. > This is the best music. Pot ei s scrie scrisori lungi? De ce nu poi veni disear? Ci bani pot s-mi dai? Dai-mi cinci felii de pine. Ea are multe maini dar prea puini bani. El st ntotdeauna pe scaunul acela. Vrea s m las de fumat. Sunt ngrijorat pentru fiul sorei mele. Acestea sunt casele prietenilor lui? Camerele acestei case sunt mici. Nu pot s scriu asta, dar pot s ncerc. Cred c acest parc este mai bun. Poate nelege un om bogat un om srac? Desear mergem la John. Poi veni la noi vara? Dimineaa nu mnnc niciodat miere. Ea o viziteaz vreodat pe mama sa? Nu poi s uii asta. Aceast camer mare, este alb. Cnd lucrez mi place s ascult muzic. Vreau s caut ceva. n ncheierla leciei, ca i pn acum, urmeaz

[i] hear near

[o:] talk walk daughter

[i] rich sit listen fish kitchen

[ou] know show open

> Can they write long letters? > Why can't you come tonight? > How much money can you give me? > Give me five pieces of bread. > She has many cars but too little money. > He always sits on that chair. > I want to stop smoking. > I'm worrying about my sister's son. > Are they his friends' houses? > The rooms of this house are little. > I can't write it but I can try. > I think this park is better. > Can a rich man understand a poor man? > Tonight we are going to John. > Can you come to us in summer? > I never eat honey in the morning. > Does she ever visit her mother? > You can't forget about it. > This large room is white. > I like to listen to music when I work. > I want to look for something. un exerciiu de pronunie: [E] cat can - 14 -

7. RECAPITULARE
7.1. Cuvntul of se folosete la formarea structurii posesive (a, al, ai, ale cui). n limba englez putem exprima cu aceast structur i cantitatea i proporia (ct din ceva): a cup of coffee - o ceac de cafea 7.2. Substantivele care nu plurali se refer de obice la lichide, materiale solide sau gaze i combinaiile lor. 7.2.1. naintea substantivelor care nu au plural nu folosim articolul nehotrt a/an": Do you like cheese? - i place brnza? 7.2.2. Aceste substantive nu se folosesc la plural: She eats a lot of bread. - Ea mnnc mult pine. 7.2.3. Aceste substantive apar ntotdeauna la persoana a treia singular: Honey is good. - Mierea este bun. 7.3. Many/much": 7.3.1. Cuvntul "many" nseamn un mare numr de, muli/multe, numeroi/ numeroase, o mulime de" - se refer la substantivele care au i singular i plural: many books - multe cri Pronumele interogativ how many" - nseamn ci?", cte?" - se folosete n ntrebrile referitoare la o cantitate msurabil, exprimat de substantive care au i plural: How many cars have you? - Cte maini avei? 7.3.2. Cuvntul "much" - care nseamn de asemenea mult sau mult" se folosete cu substantive care nu au plural: much bread - mult pine Iar how much" - cu semnificaia de ci?", cte?" este un pronume interogativ care se refer la o cantitate exprimat de substantive fr plural: How much coffee do you - Ct cafea vrei? want? 7.4. Cuvintele a lot of i some" referitoare la cantiti, se folosesc att n cazul substantivelor cu plural ct i al celor fr plural: a lot of books - o mulime de cri a lot of beer - mult bere some books - cteva cri some beer - nite bere 7.5. Little" nseamn puin", a little" nseamn ctva, ceva". Cnd stau naintea substantivelor fr plural, little" poate nseamn i mic": I have little money. - Am puini bani. I have a little money. - Am ceva bani. I have a little dog. - Am un cine mic. 7.6. Genitivul cu apostrof 's 7.6.1. Genitivul 's se folosete doar cu substantivele care desemneaz fiine (oameni i animale). - 14 7.6.2. Singular:

Genitivul cu apostrof se formeaz cu denumirea posesorului urmat de un apostrof i terminaia s". Apoi urmeaz obiectul posedat, care poate fi fiin sau obiect: Mary's car - Maina Mriei Mary's father - Tatl Mriei 7.6.3. Plural: 1. Dac substantivul la plural are terminaia s", i adugm doar un apostrof: my brothers' car - maina frailor mei 2. Dac substantivul la plural nu are terminaia s", atunci adugm att apostroful ct i terminaia s": these people's house - casa acestor oameni 7.7. Dac substantivul nu desemneaz fiine atunci folosim cuvntul of pentru exprimarea genitivului: ferestrele acestei camere - the windows of this room 7.8. Verbul "can" - este un auxiliar modal, care se traduce a putea, a fi n stare, a fi capabil, a ti": 7.8.1. Forma lui can" este aceai la toate persoanele, la singular i plural, iar verbul care-1 urmeaz nu are particula to". 7.8.2. Structura propoziiei: 1. Propoziia afirmativ: He can drive. - El tie s conduc. 2. Interogativul se formeaz prin inversarea ordinii: Can he drive? - tie s conduc? 3. Rspunsuri: a.) afirmativ: yes" + pronume personal + can" Can he drive? Yes, he can. - Da. b.) negativ: no" + pronume personal + cannot" sau can't" Can he sing? No, he can't. - Nu. 7.8.3. Forma negativ can't" se folosete i n propoziii complete. 7.9. Cuvntul never" este un cuvnt de negaie care nu poate fi folosit mpreun cu alte cuvinte de negaie: I never drink beer. - Nu beau niciodat bere. 7.10. Verbul to stop" are dou sensuri: 1. a nceta, a ntrerupe" - n acest caz dup el urmeaz un verb cu termminaia -ing": I want to stop smoking. - Vreau s m las de fumat. 2. "a se opri" - n acest caz dup el urmeaz un verb la infinitiv: I want to stop to smoke. - Vreau s m opresc ca s fumez. - 15 -

7. TEM PENTRU ACAS

Rezolvai exerciiile i trimitei-le pentru verificare! A. Traducei n limba romn urmtoarele propoziii: 1. I want to drink two cups of tea and eat two pieces of bread with jam. 2. Give me some water to drink. 3. How much money do you want to give him? 4. My brother's friends are nice. 5. Who can sing that song? 6. I can never stop reading books. B. Traducei n limba englez propoziiile: 1. De ce nu-1 poi uita pe biatul acela? 2. Merg ei cndva la coal? 3. Fiii acestui ofer tiu s conduc maina. 4. Ct unt pot cumpra ei? 5. Ferestrele acestei case sunt prea mari. 6. Vreau s ncetez s lucrez. C. Corectai greelile din propoziiile de mai jos: 1. Car my father's is big. 2. I want to listen music. 3. How much books can you read every day? 4. Why can't he to go there with Mary? 5. Whose are these breads? 6. I don't never worry about my father. -15 -

LECIA 8. - PARTEA NTI

9

Ca i pn acum, ncepem lecia cu nvarea cuvintelor noi. Repetai-i fii ateni la pronunie: v *J east > [i:st] - rsrit, est west date winter leg > > > > [uest] [de/t]
r

- apus, vest - dat - iarn - picior

u.

. _ r -i

[ inta ] [leg]

shoe barber hair the sun weather snow rain to snow to rain

> > > > > > > > >

[u:] [ba: b ] [her] [Dz san] [ eD a ] [snou] [rem] [tu snou] [tu rem] alt ordine: [Dz san] [uintr] [i:st] [u:] [ba:rbr] [tu rem] [leg] [de/t] [snou] [he ] [tu snou] [ eD a ] [re/n] [uest]
r r r

- pantof - frizer, (brbier) - pr - soarele - vreme - zpad - ploaie - a ninge - a ploua

lat aceleai cuvinte n the sun winter east shoe barber to rain leg date snow hair to snow weather rain west > > > > > > > > > > > > > >

- soarele - iarn - rsrit, est - pantof - frizer, (brbier) - a ploua - picior - dat - zpad - pr - a ninge - vreme - ploaie - apus, vest

Iar acum s folosim aceste cuvinte n propoziii:

It usually snows in winter. I can't buy these expensive shoes. She has long legs. He is going from the west to the east. Is the weather always nice in summer? [it /urjuli snouz in u. ..r-, mta 1 > [a/ ka:nt ba/ D i:z ikspensiv u:z] > [i: hEz lon (g) legz] in) z > [hi: iz gouin " from D "est tu D z i:st] > [iz D a eD a o:l e/z na/'s in sam r l Do you know what date it is > [du /u: nou u ot de/'t it iz tde/] today? Can you see the sun? My hair is short. I'm looking for my green shoes. It's raining so we can't go to the park. He is a barber.

> [kEn ;u: si: D z san] > [ma/ he r iz o: r t] > [a/m lukin^ fo: 1 ma/ gri:n u:z] > [its re/nin^ sou u i: ka.nt gou tu D z pa: r k] > [hi: iz ba: r b r ] - Iarna de obicei ninge. - Nu pot cumpra aceti pantofi scumpi. - Ea are picioare lungi. - El merge de la vest la est. - Vara este frumoas ntotdeauna vremea? - tii ce dat este azi? - Poi s vezi soarele? - Prul meu este scurt. - Caut pantofii mei verzi. - Plou, deci nu putem merge n parc. - El este frizer. Reinei felul n care formm construciile cu verbele to snow, to rain. Fii ateni n special la felul n care se folosete cuvntul it: It is raining. It is snowing. It often rains in summer. It often snows in winter. - Plou. - Ninge. - Vara plou des. - Iarna ninge des.

"It is raining." "It is snowing."

17 Completai urmtoarele propoziii cu cuvintele Cumpr-mi aceti pantofi! Ce dat este azi? Ea are prul lung. Acum nu vd soarele. Vrei s trii n Orientul Apropiat? Azi avem vreme frumoas. Poate s ning vara? Frizerul crede c prul meu este frumos. Nu vreau s merg spre vest. Fiecare cine are patru picioare. Uneori iarna plou des. Acum s nvm lunile anului: > [djEn/uri] > [februri] > [ma:rt] January February March April May June July August September October November December > [e/pril] > [me/] > [dju:n] > [djula/] > [o:gst] > [septembr] > [oktoub ] > [nouvembr] > [disembr] care lipsesc: - Buy me these > shoes ! - What > date is it today? - She has long > hair. - I don't see the > sun now. - Do you want to live in the Near > East ? - We have nice > weather today. - Can it > snow in summer? - The > barber thinks my > hair is nice. - I don't want to go to the > west. - Every dog has four > legs. - There is much > rain in > winter sometimes. - ianuarie

- februarie - martie - aprilie - mai - iunie - iulie - august - septembrie - octombrie - noiembrie - decembrie n exerciiul urmtor completai spaile libere, cu numele corespunztoare ale lunilor anului O vizitez ntotdeauna n martie. n iulie mergem n Anglia. Vrei s mergi la coal n septembrie? n ianuarie ninge des. Aprilie este cea mai bun lun a anului. Nu te pot lua la Londra n mai. I always visit her in > March. We go to England in > July. Do you want to go to school in > September? It often snows in > January. > April is the best month of the year. I can't take you to London in > May. -18 Vrem s cumprm aceast cas n noiembrie. Pot s scriu despre asta, dar n iunie. n decembrie, l vizitm ntotdeauna pe prietenul fratelui nostru. Nu-mi place luna august. n februarie deschidem un magazin mare n aceast strad. Pot s gsesc de lucru n octombrie. - We want to buy this house in > November. - I can write about it, but in > June. - In > December we always visit our brother's friend. - I don't like > August. - In > February we are opening a big shop in this street. - I can get work in > October. Pn acum am nvat c n limba englez pluralul substantivelor pe formeaz prin adugarea terminaiei -s sau -es. Exist ns i substantive neregulate. Iat cteva exemple: man men woman women foot feet > [mEn] > [men] > [ uman] > [ imin] > [fut] > [fi:t] brbat brbai femeie femei laba piciorului labe Traducei urmtoarele expresii: patru brbai trei femei dou labe > four men > three women > two feet Iar acum vom nva cteva cifre noi n limba englez: 30 - thirty > [Ts:rti] 40 50 60 70 - forty - fifty - sixty - seventy > [fo:rti] > [fifti] > [siksti] > [sevnti]

80 90 100

- eighty - ninety - a hundred

> [e/ti] > [namti] > [ handrid]

-19S exersm cifrele. Traducei n iimba englez urmtoarele combinaii numerice: 10-20-30 > ten-twenty-thirty 60-40-50 > sixty-forty-fifty 90-100-80 > ninety-a hundred-eighty 70-30-50 > seventy-thirty-fifty Prin combinarea cifrelor nvate pn acum putem forma cifre mai complexe. Iat cteva exemple: 61 28 42 97 105 sixty-one twenty-eight forty-two ninety-seven a hundred and five > [siksti uan] > [tuenti cit] > [fo:rti tu:] > [namti sevn] > [ handrid End fa/v] Pronunai n limba englez urmtoarele cifre: 99 > ninety-nine 36 44 71 83 172 111 53 65 > > > > > > > > thirty-six forty-four seventy-one eighty-three a hundred and seventy-two a hundred and eleven fifty-three sixty-five

Dup cum ai putut observat n cazul cifrelor compuse cuvntul hundred este urmat de and, iar cifrele de la unu la zece se leag prin linin de cifrele care exprim zecile (se poate i omite). Traducei urmtoarele propoziii: August are treizeci i una de zile? Acest frizer este fratele prietenului meu. Unor brbai le place prul lung. Noi nu trim n vest, ci n est. Ninge des n decembrie? > Has August thirty-one days? > This barber is my friend's brother. > Some men like long hair. > We don't live in the west, but in the east. > Does it often snow in December? Care femei au prul scurt? > Which women have short hair? Ce dat este n aceast scrisoare? > What date is in this letter? Soarele se arat rar n februarie. > The sun seldom shows in February. Trei luni au nouzeci i trei sau o sut de > Are three months ninety-three or a zile? hundred days? Citeti multe cri? > Do you read many books? S nvm cteva cuvinte. Citii cu voce tare: brown > [braun] - maro, cafeniu, brunet black else what else > [blEk] > [els] > [uot els] - negru, neagra - mai, nc, alt - altceva? (mai dorii ceva?)

almost difficult soon all from time to time yellow

> [orlmoust] > [difiklt] > [su:n] > [o:l] > [from ta/m tu ta/m] > [/elou]

- aproape c - dificil, complicat - curnd - tot, toat, toi, toate, ntreg - din cnd n cnd - galben

Urmeaz aceleai cuvinte, dar n alt ordine: difficult yellow brown soon what else from time to time all else almost black > [difiklt] > [/elou] > [braun] > [su:n] > [uot els] > [from ta/m tu ta/m] > [o:l] > [els] > [orlmoust] > [blEk] - dificil, complicat - galben - maro, cafeniu, brunet - curnd - altceva? (mai dorii ceva?) - din cnd n cnd - tot, toat, toi, toate, ntreg - mai, nc, alt - aproape c - negru, neagra

-28-

S folosim cuvintele noi n propoziii: She has black shoes. > [i: hEz blEk u:z] Do you want this brown > [du /u: uont Dzis braun suit? su:t] From time to time we go for > [from ta/m tu ta/'m i: a walk to that park. gou fo:r a uo:k tu DzEt pa:rk] She's flying to Enlgand soon. > [si:z fla/in^ tu ingland sum] What else do you want? > [uot els du /u: uont] All people like to eat apples. > [o:l pi:pl la/'k tu i:t Eplz] This is something else. > [Dzis iz samTsin^ els] Do you think yellow cars > [du /u: Tsin*^k /elou are nice? ka:rz a:r na/s] This book is too difficult to > [Dzis buk iz tu: difikalt read. tu ri:d] Almost all women like tall > [o:lmoust o:l "imin la/'k men. to:l men] Ea are pantofi negri. Vrei acest costum cafeniu? Din cnd n cnd ne plimbm n parcul acela. Ea merge curnd n Anglia cu avionul.

Mai dorii ceva? Tuturor oamenilor le place s mnnce mere. Asta este altceva. Crezi c mainile galbene sunt frumoase? Aceast carte este prea dificil pentru a fi citit. Aproape tuturor femeilor le plac brbaii nali. Traducei urmtoarele propoziii n limba n camera mea este un birou negru. i place s citeti cri dificile? Pisicile sunt galbene sau maro? Este aproape sear. n curnd vizitm toate aceste ri. Este dificil de neles asta? Ce altceva mnnc cinele tu? Aproape c mi place de el. Vrei s iei toate crile? Ce altceva pot s beau? Din cnd n cnd ascult muzic la radio. engleza: > There is a black desk in my room. > Do you like to read difficult books? > Are cats yellow or brown? > It's almost evening. > We are visiting all these countries soon. > Is it difficult to understand it? > What else does your dog eat? > I almost like him. > Do you want to take all the books? > What else can I drink? > From time to time I listen to music on the radio. Iat cteva verbe noi: to put to do to cut to shine > [tu put] > [tu du:] > [tu kat] > [tu a/n] - a pune, a aeza, a plasa - a face, a se ocupa cu - a tia, a tunde - a strluci, a lumina, a luci Urmeaz acelai verbe dar n alt ordine: to do > [tu du:] to shine > [tu am] to cut > [tu kat] to put > [tu put] - a face, a se ocupa cu - a strluci, a lumina - a tia, a tunde - a pune, a aeza, a plasa nainte de a trece la exerciii, s examinm verbul to do - a face. Acest verb ndeplinete rolul verbului auxiliar la timpul prezentul simplu (Simple Present), dar este i un verb regulat, care nseamn a face, a se ocupa cu. Urmrii exemplele de mai jos: What are you doing now? > [Uot a:r iu: du:in^ nau] What do you do every > [Uot du iu: du: evri Saturday? sEtrdei] What else does she want to > [Uot els daz i: uont tu do? du:] - Ce faci acum? - Ce faci n fiecare smbt? - Ce altceva vrea ea s mai fac? Traducei cteva propoziii din limba englez n care figureaz verbul to do": What do they usually do in the afternoon? > Ce fac ei de obicei dup-amiaza? It doesn't snow in summer. > Vara nu ninge. We don't like beer. > Nu ne place berea. Does he want to do it tomorrow? > Vrea s fac asta mine? S exersm verbele noi. Completai propoziiile cu verbele care lipsesc: Nu vreau s fac asta azi. - I don't want to > do it today. Frizerul vrea s m tund. - The barber wants to > cut my hair.

Privii! Strlucete soarele! - Look! The sun is > shining! Pune aceast carte pe masa mea. - > Put this book on my table.

"The sun usually shines in July"

- 22 S vedem cteva verbe a cror consoan de la sfritul cuvntului se dubleaz la adugarea terminaiei -ing: get sit stop put cut forget - getting - sitting - stopping - putting cutting - forgetting > [getin(g)] > [siting > [stopin*^ > [putin^ > [katin(g)] > [forgetin'g

Iat o regul important cu privire la adugarea terminaiei verbului. Dac ultima silab a verbului este accentuat i conine o vocal scurt (scris cu o singur liter) iar verbul se termin ntr-o singur consoan, a prin adngarea terminaiei -ing, acesta consoan final se dubleaz.

S vedem cum funcioneaz aceast regul n practic stop > [stop] - cuvnt format dintr-o silab, de aceea n mod automat este accentuat, - la mijloc conine o vocal scurt, - la sfritul verbului st o singur consoan: stop-stopping. Aceast regul poate fi folosit i la verbele formate din mai multe silabe: forget > [forget] Iar acum urmeaz un alt tip de verb: keep > [ki:p] Un alt exemplu: work r i ~ I "i [ a: k] - cuvnt compus din dou silabe, a doua silab este accentuat, - silaba accentuat conine o vocal scurt, - la sfritul verbului se afl o singur consoan: forget-forgetting. cuvnt compus dintr-o singur silab, silaba este accentuat, la sfrit se afl o singur consoan, vocala este lung, n acest caz ultima consoan nu se dubleaz: keep-keeping. silab accentuat, la mijloc are o vocal scurt, la sfritul cuvntului exist dou consoane, care nu permit dublarea consoanei: work-working. - 22 i iat nc un verb: look > [luk] - silab accentuat, - la sfrit exist o singur consoan, vocala scurt din mijloc se scrie cu ,, o " dublu. De aceea ultima consoamn nu se dubleaz: look-looking. i acum ncercai s adugai verbelor terminaia corect. Completai urmtoarele propoziii n limba englez: Tatl meu se plimb acum n grdin. Ei tocmai taie copacii n parc. Prietenul meu tocmai oprete maina. Acum mi caut pantofii galbeni. Cine st pe scaunul acela? Ea trimite scrisori de la oficiul potal. Ei viziteaz acum aceast biseric mare. Nu uiti ceva? - My father is > walking jn the garden now. - They are just > cutting the trees in the park. - My friend is just > stopping the car. - I am > looking for my yellow shoes now. - Who is > sitting on that chair? - She is > sending letters at the post-office. - They are > visiting this big church now. - Aren't you > forgetting something? n continuare, s nvm un alt verb auxiliar modal, must [mast] - a trebui. Asemntor lui can, i forma lui must este identic pentru toate persoanele, iar verbul care-l urmeaz nu are particula to. Iat cum se folosete n propoziii: I must cut my hair. > [a/ mast kat ma/ her] She must forget about him. > [i: mast forget baut him] They must think about their > [Dzei mast Tsin(g)k baby. baut Dze;'r be/'bi]

Trebuie s m tund. Ea trebuie s-1 uite. Ei trebuie s se gndeasc la copilul lor. Interogativul se formeaz prin inversarea ordinii verbului auxiliar must i a subiectului. In cazul ntrebrilor care cer informaii adiionale se pune la nceputul propoziiei un pronume interogativ: Mary must go to school. My father must buy a car. Must Mary go to school? Maria trebuie s mearg la coal? Must my father buy a car? - Tatl meu trebuie s cumpere o main? She must read this book. What must she read? - Ce trebuie ea s citeasc? Iar acum s verificm cele nvate. Traducei Mine trebuie s mergi la lucru. Trebuie s fac asta azi? Cine trebuie s-i dea aceast scrisoare? Ale cui cntece trebuie s le cntm? Trebuie s-mi ari casa ta. Ea trebuie s predea la coal engleza. In ncheiere, s recapitulm materialul acestei n martie trebuie s merg n est. Este o dat n aceast scrisoare. Vara vremea este frumoas. Ninge? Pot s vin ei n februarie? Privete aceste femei i aceti brbai. mi trebuie patruzeci i cinci de minute ca s fac asta. Ce altceva mai vrei s vedei? Acum privesc aceast main neagr. Strlucete azi soarele? Mamai l tunde acum. Ce faci acum? n limba englez urmtoarele propoziii: > You must go to work tomorrow. > Must I do it today? > Who must give you this letter? > Whose songs must we sing? > You must show me your house. > She must teach English at school. pri a leciei. Traducei n limba englez: > In March I must go to the east. > There is a date in this letter. > The weather is nice in summer. > Is it snowing? > Can they come in February? > Look at these women and these men. > I must have forty-five minutes to do it. > What else do you want to see? > I'm looking at this black car now. > Is the sun shining today? > Mother is cutting his hair now. > What are you doing now? - 23 -

LECIA 8. - PARTEA A DOUA

Citii cu atenie urmtorul text. Repetai exerciiul pn cnd v convingei c ai nsuit pe deplin pronunia i intonaia. Cuvintele i silabele accentuate le-am tiprit cu litere ngroate: Barbara: Can you brother sing? John: Yes, he can sing many songs. He listens to music on the radio every day. Barbara: Does he know the song It's a long way to Tipperary"? John: Yes, he does, but this song is not difficult to sing. Tom: Tomorrow I'm buying a big, red car. It's a fast car and not too expensive. I want to show it to you tomorrow evening. Mary: My brother also wants to buy a cheap car, because he has little money. He doesn't like red, brown or black, so he wants to buy a green or yellow car. Peter: Can I talk to your brother Terry? Barbara: Yes, he is at home now. Peter: What is he doing? Barbara: He is sitting in his room and writing a long letter to his friend. He can write long letters. Peter: I want to go to the park with him. Barbara: I think he can't go with you. He must send the letter, so we must go to the post-office together.

Mary: Have you a brother or sister? John: I have a brother. His name is Tony. My brother is a nice boy. He is tall, he has big black eyes and long legs. Mary: Tony's friends must like him. John: Yes, and girls can never forget him. Tom: Why are you going to the kitchen? Barbara: Because Tony wants some tea and some bread with jam and I want a cup of coffee. Tom: You can't drink coffee, because there's no sugar. Mary: Where does your family live? Peter: My father and mother live in Bucharest, my brother and his family live in London. Barbara: Where is your house? John: It's near Bucharest. Its rooms are big. I have a large bedroom and a big kitchen. I can have cats and dogs. I want to live there forever. - 24 Mary: I think you smoke too many cigarettes and drink too much coffee. Tom: Yes, I want to stop smoking soon. Mary: And what about coffee? Tom: I like coffee and I don't want to stop drinking it. Barbara: Why do you like this park? Peter: Because 1 can see a lot of animals here. All trees in this park are green. It's not easy to go there: you must take a bicycle, because you can 't walk there. Mary: Father wants to cut your long hair. John: Is he trying to do it? Mary: Don't worry. You must go to the barber's shop. Barbara: Where is your brother going by car tonight? Tom: He is visiting his best friend. He must usually drive a car there, but he likes to drive. Barbara: Does he drive much? Tom: Yes, he does. In summer he usually goes to England. Sometimes he goes to the Near East, because his friend works there. n ncheiere, traducei urmtoarele propoziii n limba englez! Dup ce suntei siguri c putei rezolva corect exerciiul, rezolvai tema pentru acas: Ei ne dau ntotdeauna ceai bun. > They always give us good tea. n decembrie este des zpad. El vrea s ia toate crile. A cui este aceast cas? In curnd cumprm un birou mare. Nu uitai aceast dat! Aceti pantofi negri sunt scumpi. Ei nu ne pot auzi. Aceast sptmn este prea lung. Disear ascult radioul. Nu vreau s-m tund. Iulie este cea mai bun lun? Vreau altceva. Putei s-mi aducei puin miere? Avem prea puin bani ca s cumprm aceast cas scump. Pisicilor nu le place apa. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > There is often snow in December. He wants to take all the books. Whose is this house? Soon we are buying a big office. Don't forget this date! These black shoes are expensive. They can't hear us. This week is too long. Tonight I'm listening to the radio. I don't want to cut my hair. Is July the best month? I want something else. Can you bring me some honey? We have too little money to buy this expensive house. All cats don't like water.

-35 -

Acest cine maro este prietenul meu cel mai bun. Este prea uor! Nu-i face griji n ceea ce privete vremea. Avionul zboar spre vest. n grdina noastr este mult zpad. Ct dulcea poi mnca? Nu pune aceast scrisoare pe mas n buctrie! Tocmai l ntrebm despre fiul lui. Cine ne pred engleza? V rog nu fumai n dormitor. Nu vreau s atept venic. Trebuie s-i duc cu maina la coal. > This brown dog is my best friend. > It's too easy! > Don't worry about the weather! > The plane is flying to the west. > There is a lot of snow in our garden. > How much jam can you eat? > Don't put this letter on the table in the kitchen! > We are just asking him about his son. > Who teaches us English? > Please don't smoke in the bedroom. > I don't want to wait forever. > I must take them to school by car.

8. RECAPITULARE
8.1. Substantive neregulate la plural: man woman foot men women feet 8.2. Verbul to do" are dou funcii: este verb auxiliar la formarea timpului prezent simplu (Simple Present), i poate fi verb regulat care nseamn a face, a se ocupa cu". What is he doing now? - Ce face el acum? She never does it. - Nu face asta niciodat. What do you usually do on Sunday? - Ce faci de obicei duminica? 8.3. La folosirea terminaiei ,,-ing" ultima consoan se dubleaz, dac: 1. Silaba este accentuat. 2. Dac este o vocal scurt (scris cu o liter) la mijlocul cuvntului. 3. La sfritul cuvntului este o singur consoan. Exemple: get - getting stop - stopping 8.4. "Must" - a trebui" - verb auxiliar 8.4.1. Este un verb auxiliar modal, cu aceeai form pentru toate persoanele, iar verbul care-1 urmeaz nu are particula to". 8.4.2. Interogativul se formeaz prin inversiune, adic inversm ordinea lui must" i a subiectului: I must go home. Mary must drive there. They must go to school. Must I go home? Must Mary drive there? Where must they go? Trebuie s merg acas? Mria trebuie s mearg acolo cu maina? Unde trebuie s mearg? -25 -

8. TEM PENTRU ACAS

Rezolvai exerciiile i trimitei-le pentru verificare! A. Traducei n limba romn urmtoarele propoziii: 1. How much beer can you drink today? 2. Who must go to work at seven tomorrow? 3. Why can't you go to England in March? 4. Are they cutting the trees in the garden? 5. Our father always forgets to do it. 6. Those women have babies. B. Traducei n limba englez urmtoarele propoziii: 1. Trebuie s facem azi aceea.

2. Avem puin pine. Du-te i cumpr ctva. 3. Ce faci desear? 4. Tuturor brbailor le place costumul? 5. De ce trebuie s vorbeasc despre mainile lor? 6. Ei stau acum pe scaunul fratelui meu. C. Corectai greelile din propoziiile de mai jos: 1. These girls are readding books now. 2. Who are those man? 3. She musts go to her father. 4. Do you must look for those people? 5. There is always many snow in winter. 6. She doesn't never forget to buy bread. -26-

VOCABULARUL LECIILOR 7. I 8.
air > [er] > [o:lmoust] almost all apple April around August barber because beer better the best between big black bread brown brother butter to buy cat can cannot cheap cheese cigarette coffee cup > [o:l] > [Epl] > [e/pril] > [raund] > [orgst] > [ba:rbr] > [bikoz] > [bir] > [beta ] > [Dz best] > [bitui:n] > [big] > [blEk] > [bred] > [braun] > [braDzr] > [batr] > [tu b a i ] > [kEt] > [kEn] > [kEnot] > [ti:p] > [ti:z] > [sigret] > [kofi] > [kap]

- aer, atmosfer - aproape c - tot, toat, toi, toate, ntreg - mr - aprilie - prin apropiere, n jurul - august - frizer, brbier - pentru c, fiindc, deoarece - bere - mai bun, mai bine - cel mai bun, cel mai bine - ntre (dou obiecte), dintre - mare, voluminos - negru, neagra - pine - maro, cafeniu, brunet - frate - unt - a cumpra, a face cumprturi - pisic - a putea, a fi capabil, a ti - a nu putea, a nu fi capabil, a nu ti - ieftin - cacaval, brnz - igar - cafea - ceac to cut > [tu kat] date December difficult to do dog to drink east easy eighty else ever expensive family fast February feet > [de/'t] > [disembr] > [difiklt] > [tu du:] > [dog] > [tu drin^k] > [i:st] > [i:zi] > [e/ti] > [els] > [evr] > [ikspensiv] > [fEmili] > [fa:st] > [februri] > [fi:t]

a tia, a tunde dat decembrie dificil, complicat a face, a se ocupa cu cine a bea est, rsrit uor, simplu optzeci mai, nc, alt vreodat, cndva scump, costisitor familie repede, iute, rapid februarie labe (de la picior)

fifty foot forever

> [fifti] > [fut] > [forevr]

cincizeci laba piciorului pentru totdeauna, mereu venic a uita, a nu-i aminti patruzeci al patrulea, a patra prieten, amic din cnd n cnd noapte bun mare, mre, remarcabil pr miere (de albine) cal

to forget forty the fourth friend from time to time good night great hair honey horse

> [tu forget] > [fo:rti] > [Dz fo:rTs] > [frend] > [from ta/m tu ta/m] > [gud na/t] > [greii] > [her] > [hani] > [ho:rs]

HHHH HHH|
liillIllIilSII t f - i .v 1 lmasBSU&BSm& - >H HHH Sili silii how how many how much hundred jam January July June large leg less than to listen (to) a little a lot of many March May men more than much music must November ninety October of or paper > fhauj > [hau meni] > [hau mats] > IbhbriGrl]

> [djEm] > [djEn/uri] > [djula/] > [dju:n] > [la:rdj] > [leg] > [les DzEn] > [tu lisn] > [ litl] > [ lot ov] > [meni] > [ma:rt] > [me/] > [men] > [mo:r DzEn] > [mats] > [rn/u:zik] > [mast] > [nouvembr] > [na/nti] > [oktoubr] > [ov] > [o:r] > [pe/pr] - cum?, n ce fel? - ci? cte? - ci? cte? - sut - dulcea, gem - ianuarie - iulie - iunie - mare, spaios, larg - picior - mai puin dect, mai puin de - a asculta, a fi atent (la) - puin, ctva, ceva - o mulime de, foarte mult, foarte muli - un mare numr, mult, numeroi, o mulime de - martie - mai - brbai, oameni - mai mult/mai mult/mai muli/mai multe dect - mult, mult - muzic - a trebui - noiembrie - nouzeci - octombrie - al, a, ai, ale, lui - sau, ori - hrtie -29 park [pa:rk] > piece poor to put radio rain

- parc - bucat - srac, srman, biet - a pune, a aeza, a plasa - radio - ploaie

> > > > >

[pi:s] [pur] [po:r] [tu put] [re/diou] [rem]

to rain rich September seventy to shine ship shoe short to sing to sit sixty snow to snow to smoke something song soon to stop sugar summer the sun tall tea thirty

> > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > >

[tu re/'n] [rit] [septembr] [sevnti] [tu am] [ip] [u:] [o:rt] [tu sin^] [tu sit] [siksti] [snou] [tu snou] [tu smouk] [samTsin(g)]

- a ploua - bogat - septembrie - aptezeci - a strluci, a lumina, a luci - nav, vapor - pantof - scurt - a cnta - a edea, a se aeza - aizeci - zpad - a ninge - a fuma - ceva - cntec, melodie - curnd - a opri, a nceta, a ntrerupe - zahr - var - soarele - nalt, mare - ceai - treizeci

ison^8-*] "su:n]
"tu stop] [ugr] sama J Dz san] [to:l] [ti:] [Ts:rti]

together tonight too tree water weather west what about what else which whose why winter without women to worry year yellow tgeDzr] tnaz't] tu:] tri:] o:ta ] eD a ]

est] 'ot baut] ot els] uits] hu:z] a;l u. .-r-, inta J D aut] lmin] tu on J na J zelou] - mpreuna - disear, ast sear, n noaptea asta - prea, foarte - copac, arbore, pom - ap - vreme - vest, apus - ce ar fi s ...? cum stm cu ...? ce mai e cu ...? - altceva? mai dorii ceva? - care, pe care, ce - al, a, ai, ale cui/crui - de ce? pentru ce? din ce cauz? - iarn - fr, lipsit de - femei - a se neliniti, a se ngrijora, a-i face griji - an (calendaristic) - galben