Unit 3 Logarithms

Exercise 3.4
Question # 1
Use log tables to find the value of the following:
(i)

0.8176 x 13.64

Solution
0.8176 x 13.64
Let
x = 0.8176 x 13.64
Taking log of both sides
log x =log( 0.8176 x 13.64)
log x = log 0.8176 + log 13.64
log x = .9125 + 1.1348
log x = -1 + 0.9125 + 1 + 0.1348
log x = 0.9125 + 0.1348
log x = 1.0437
x = Antilog (1.0437)
Ch = 1
Mantissa = .0437
X = 11.06
(ii)

(789.5)1/8

Solution
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Page 1

(789.5)1/8
Let
x = (789.5)1/8
Taking log of both sides
log x = log (789.5)1/8
log x = log 789.5
log x = ( 2.8974)
log x = 0.3622
x = Antilog 0.3622
Ch = 0
Mantissa = .3622
x = 2.303

(iii)
Solution

Let
x =
Taking log of both sides
log x = log(

log x = log 0.678 + log 9.01 log 0.0234

log x = .8312 + 0.9547 - .3692
log x = [-1 + 2 ] + [ 0.8312 + 0.9547 0.3692]
log x = 1 + 1.4167
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log x = 2.4167
x = Antilog 2.4167
Ch = 2
Mantissa = .4167
x = 261
(iv)

Solution

x
Let
x = (2.709)1/5 x (1.239)1/7
Taking log of both sides
log x = log [(2.709)1/5 x (1.239)1/7]
log x = log(2.709)1/5 + log (1.239)1/7
log x = log 2.709 + log 1.239
log x = (0.4328) + (0.0931)
log x = 0.0866 + 0.0133
log x = 0.0999
x = Antilog 0.0999
Ch = 0
Mantissa = .0999
x = 1.259
(v)
Solution

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Page 3

Let
x=
Taking log of both sides
log x = log
log x = log 1.23 + log 0.6975 [ log 0.0075 + log 1278]
log x = 0.0899 + .8435 [ .8751 + 3.1065]
log x = 0.0899 + .8435 - .8751 3.1.65
log x = 0.0899 1 + 0.8435 + 3 - 0.8751 3 - 0.1065
log x = (-1 + 3 + 3) + ( 0.0899 + 0.8435 0.8751 0.1065)
log x = -1 0.0482
log x = -1.0482
log x = + (2 -1.0482)
log x = + 0.9518
log x = .9518
Ch =
8933
17
8^950
= 0.0895
+
Mantissa = .9518
x = 0.0895

(vi)
Solution

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Let
x=
] 1/3

x=[
Taking log of both sides

] 1/3

log x = log [
log x = log

log x = [ log 0.7214 + log 20.37 log 60.8]

log x = [ .8581 + 1.3090 1. 7839]
log x = [-1 + 0.8581 + 1 + 0.3090 1 . 7839]
log x = [ 0.8581 + 0.3090 1 . 7839]
log x = [-0.6168]
log x = -0.2056
log x = + (1 0.2056)
log x = + 0.7944
log x = .7944
x = Antilog

.7944

Ch =

6223
6
6^229
= 0.6229
+

Mantissa = .7944
x = 0.6229
(vii)
Solution

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Page 5

Let
x =
Taking log of both sides
log x = log
log x = log 83 + log (92)1/3 log 127 log (246)1/5
log x = log 83 + log 92 log 127 - log 246
log x = 1.9191 +

(1.9638) 2.1038 - (2.3909)

log x = 1.9191 +0.6546 2.1038 - 0.4782

log x = -0.0083
log x = + ( 1 0.0083)
log x = + 0.9917
log x = .9917
Ch =

9795
16
9^811
= 0.9811
+

Mantissa = .9917
x = 0.9811
(viii)
Solution

Let
x=
Taking log of both sides

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log x = log [

log x = log (438)3 + log (0.056)1/2 log (388)4

log x = 3 log 438 + log 0.056 4 log 388
log x = 3(2.6415) + ( .7482) 4(2.5888)
log x = 7.9245 + .3741 10.3552
log x = 7.9245 1 + 0.3741 10.3552
log x = 8.2986 11.3552
log x = - 3.0566
log x = + ( 4 3.0556)
log x = + 0.9434
log x = .9434
x = Antilog ( .9434)

8770
8
8^778
= 0.0008778
+

Ch =
Mantissa = .9434
x = 0.0008778

Example # 2

Solution

Let
x =
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Taking log of both sides

log x = log
log x = log
log x =

[ log 0.07921 + 2 log 18.99 4 log 5.79 log 0.9474

log x =

[ .8988 + 2(1.2786) 4 (0.7627) - .9765]

log x =

[-2 + 0.8988 + 2.5572 3.0508 + 1 0.9765]

log x =

[-2 + 0.8988 + 2 + 0.5572 3 - 0.0508 + 1 0.9765]

log x =

[(-2+2 -3 + 1) +( 0.8988 + 0.5572 0.0508 0.9765]

log x =

[ + 0.4287]

log x =

[ +1 + 0.4287]

log x =

[ +1.4287]

log x = + 0.4762
log x = .4762
x = Antilog .4762
Ch =
Mantissa = .4762

2992
1
2^993
= 0.2993
+

x = 0.2993

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Review Exercise 3
Question # 6
Simplify the following:
(i)
Solution

Let
x = (25.47)1/3
Taking log of both sides
log x = log (25.47)1/3
log x = log 25.47
log x = ( 1.4060)
log x = 0.4687
x = Antilog 0.4687
Ch = 0
Mantissa = .4687
x = 2.942

(ii)
Solution

Let
x=
Taking log of both sides
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logx = log
logx = log(324.2)
logx = ( 2.5343)
logx = 0.5069
x = antilog (0.5069)
Ch = 0
Mantissa = .5069
x = 3.213

(iii)
Solution

Let
x=
Taking log of both sides
log x = log
log x = log(8.97)3 + log (3.95)2 log (15.37)1/3
log x = 3log 8.97 + 2 log 3.95 - log 15.37
log x = 3(0.9528) + 2( 0.5966) - ( 1.1867)
log x = 2.8584 + 1.1932 0.3956
log x = 3.6560
x = Antilog 3.6560
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Ch = 3
Mantissa = .6560
x = 4529

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