Lecia a dousprezecea Lesson Twelve

GRAMMAR 1. Present Perfect GRAMATIC Prezentul perfect

Present Perfect exprim de obicei o aciune nceput n trecut care dureaz i n prezent sau care s-a ncheiat recent. Prezentul perfect se formeaz cu ajutorul prezentului auxiliarului to have + participiul trecut al verbului care este conjugat. n cazul verbelor regulate, participiul trecut se formeaz prin adugarea sufixului ed ca i n cazul trecutului simplu: Regular Verbs TO DANCE = a dansa I have danced you have danced she has danced he has danced we have danced you have danced they have danced TO WAIT = a atepta I have waited you have waited she has waited he has waited we have waited you have waited they have waited eu am ateptat tu ai ateptat ea a ateptat el a ateptat noi am ateptat voi ai ateptat ei au ateptat eu am dansat tu ai dansat ea a dansat el a dansat noi am dansat voi ai dansat ei au dansat Verbe regulate

Present Perfect of the verb to be I have been a teacher all my youth. Am fost profesor toat tinereea. You have been tired all morning. Ai fost obosit toat dimineaa. She has been happy today. A fost fericit astzi. He has been in Paris all week. A fost la Paris toat sptmna. We have been friends all our life. Am fost prieteni toat viaa. You have been my students for three years. Ai fost studenii mei timp de trei ani. They have been busy all night. Au fost ocupai toat noaptea.

Celelalte verbe neregulate au, la Present Perfect, o singur form pentru toate persoanele, form care trebuie memorat ca atare. 10 Irregular Verbs Infinitive to cut(a tia) to do(a face) to drink(a bea) to drive(a conduce) to eat(a mnca) to fall(a cdea) to feed(a hrni) to feel(a simi) to find(a gsi) to fly(a zbura) 2. either... or / neither... nor 10 verbe neregulate Past cut did drank drove ate fell fed felt found flew fie... fie / nici... nici Past Participle cut done drunk driven eaten fallen fed felt found flown

She is either timid or lazy. Este fie timid, fie lene. He is either naughty or very clever. Este fie obraznic, fie foarte iste. We are neither wild nor friendly. Nu suntem nici slbatici, nici prietenoi. They are neither rude nor polite. Nu sunt nici grosolani, nici politicoi.

General concepts
Shopping List 2 bottles of wine 3 kilos of potatoes 3 packets of flour 4 cartons of milk 2 loaves of bread 12 slices of ham The Order What is the menu of the day? Id like to order We havent decided yet What can you recommend? What is your speciality?

Noiuni generale
List de cumprturi 2 sticle de vin 3 kilograme de cartofi 3 pungi(pachete) de fin 4 cutii de lapte 2 pini 12 felii de jambon Comanda Care este meniul zilei? A dori s fac comanda Nu ne-am decis nc Ce ne putei recomanda? Care este specialitatea casei?

Will you pass me the salt and pepper? Will you bring some more dressing? Can you change my order? The cheese is tasteless The roast beef is burnt and salty The cream is sour The green salad is not properly washed smoked frozen boiled raw baked roast underdone stewed grilled fried fresh stuffed marinated it tastes sweet it tastes salty it tastes sour it tastes bitter

D-mi, te rog, sarea i piperul Aducei-mi, v rog, mai mult sos mi putei schimba comanda? brnza este fad friptura de vit este ars i srat smntna este acr salata verde nu este bine splat afumat congelat fiert crud copt fript(la cuptor) n snge nbuit fript(la grtar) prjit proaspt umplut marinat are gust dulce are gust srat are gust acru are gust amar

Yesterday I met Jim by accident. I was hungry and my friend invited me out to dinner so we have eaten in a fancy restaurant. Ieri l-am ntlnit ntmpltor pe Jim. mi era foame i prietenul meu m-a invitat la cin aa c am luat masa ntr-un restaurant elegant.

Enjoy your meal

Poft bun

Jim Patrick: It has been a lovely evening. Thank you, Minnie. (A fost o sear ncnttoare. Mulumesc, Minnie.) Minnie Jones: I thank you for the invitation Jim. We have eaten healthy food and now I am really full. (Eu i mulumesc pentru invitaie, Jim. Am mncat sntos i acum m simt ntr-adevr plin.) Jim Patrick: Me too. I have also enjoyed your company which is very special to me. Did you like the food? (i eu la fel. Pe deasupra m-am bucurat de compania ta care este special pentru mine. i-a plcut mncarea?)

Minnie Jones: Yes, I did. The tomato soup has been delicious. And the roast chicken with carrots tasted really good. (Da, sigur. Supa de roii a fost un deliciu. Iar puiul fript cu morcovi a fost foarte gustos.) Jim Patrick: Im not used to eat soup thats why I preferred the grilled fish with rice and a garden salad. And the wine was fit, too? (Eu nu sunt obinuit s mnnc sup aa c am preferat pete la grtar cu orez i salata asortat. i vinul a fost potrivit, nu?) Minnie Jones: Indeed. Excellent choice: white, dry and chilled. (Desigur. Excelent alegere: alb, sec i rece. ) Jim Patrick: I wonder whether they are making their own desserts, I forgot to ask. But that pudding was delicious. What about your ice cream? (M ntreb dac pregtesc un desert special al casei, am uitat s ntreb. Dar budinca a fost delicioas. Cum a fost ngheata ta?) Minnie Jones: Very good, indeed. I was delighted to see that the waiter has brought an extra portion of whipped cream. (Cu adevrat bun. Am fost ncntat cnd chelnerul mi-a adus o extra porie de fric.) Jim Patrick: This restaurant is really nice. The place is clean and large and you have lots of tasty and spicy dishes to choose from. (Restaurantul este ntr-adevr drgu. Locul este curat i spaios i ai de ales dintr-o mulime de mncruri gustoase i condimentate.) Minnie Jones: We are certainly going to come back soon. (O s ne ntoarcem precis n curnd.) Vocabulary: by accident = din ntmplare fancy = la mod healthy food = hran sntoas full = plin, soup = sup chicken = pui rice = orez garden salad = salat asortat choice = alegere dry = sec chilled = rcit, la rece to wonder = a se ntreba whether = dac dessert = desert pudding = budinc ice cream = ngheat waiter, waitress = chelner, chelneri extra portion = extra porie, porie n plus whipped cream = fric tasty = gustos spicy = condimentat

dish = fel de mncare to come back = a se ntoarce

Dont forget! Nu uita!

Present Perfect, prezentul perfect, exprim de obicei o aciune nceput n trecut care dureaz i n prezent sau care s-a ncheiat recent. Prezentul perfect se formeaz cu ajutorul prezentului auxiliarului to have + participiul trecut al verbului care este conjugat.

Present Perfect of the verb to be Prezentul perfect al verbului a fi

I have been a teacher all my youth. Eu am fost profesor toat tinereea. You have been tired all morning. Tu ai fost obosit toat dimineaa. She has been happy today. Ea a fost fericit astzi. He has been in Paris all week. El a fost la Paris toat sptmna. We have been friends all our life. Noi am fost prieteni toat viaa. You have been my students for three years. Voi ai fost studenii mei timp de trei ani. They have been busy all night. Ei au fost ocupai toat noaptea.

Remember how to use the expression either... or Amintete-i cum s foloseti expresia fie... fie
She is either timid or lazy. Este fie timid, fie lene. He is either naughty or very clever. Este fie obraznic, fie foarte iste.

Remember how to use the expression neither... nor Amintete-i cum s foloseti expresia nici... nici
We are neither wild nor friendly. Nu suntem nici slbatici, nici prietenoi. They are neither rude nor polite. Nu sunt nici grosolani, nici politicoi.

How you order in a restaurant Cum comanzi mncare ntr-un restaurant

What is the menu of the day? Id like to order We havent decided yet What can you recommend? What is your speciality? Will you pass me the salt and pepper? Will you bring some more dressing? Can you change my order? Care este meniul zilei? A dori s fac comanda Nu ne-am decis nc Ce ne putei recomanda? Care este specialitatea casei? D-mi, te rog, sarea i piperul Aducei-mi, v rog, mai mult sos mi putei schimba comanda?

The cheese is tasteless The roast beef is burnt and salty The cream is sour The green salad is not properly washed smoked frozen boiled raw baked roast underdone stewed grilled fried fresh stuffed marinated My food tastes sweet My food tastes salty My food tastes sour My food tastes bitter

brnza este fad friptura de vit este ars i srat smntna este acr salata verde nu este bine splat afumat congelat fiert crud copt fript(la cuptor) n snge nbuit fript(la grtar) prjit proaspt umplut marinat Mncarea mea are gust dulce Mncarea mea are gust srat Mncarea mea are gust acru Mncarea mea are gust amar