International Islamic University

Islamabad

Subject: Management theory and practice (MGT501)

Company Selected:
Pakistan Mineral Development Corporation (Pvt.) Limited
(PMDC)

Submitted By:
Mohammad Farooq
Muhammad Khalil Hussain
Muhammad Zubair Abdullah
Muhammad Younus Balti
Shafqat Balti

Date for Submission of Assignment: 10-04-2008

 PAKISTAN MINERAL DEVELOPMENT
CORPORATION (PVT.) LIMITED (PMDC)
History/ Introduction:

Pakistan Mineral Development Corporation (PMDC) is a private limited company

registered in 1974 on bifurcation of West Pakistan Industrial Development Corporation
(WPIDC) with paid up capital of Rs. 10 million fully contributed by Government of
Pakistan. The registered office of the company is situated in the capital territory of
Pakistan; Islamabad. As it was registered as a private limited company so it is functioning
on self-sustained basis. At the time of creation, PMDC has employed almost 10,000
employees in it. The projects are situated in far-flung areas of the country, have huge
infrastructures and these provide social amenities like water, hospitals/dispensaries,
electricity and telephone etc. PMDC being in public sector and managed through the
Board of Directors is contributing too much to the Government exchequer by making
payments on account of royalty, dead rent, sales tax, income tax etc. PMDC is
implementing labor laws of Pakistan, in letter and spirit by virtue of which, no one
remains deprived of his protected rights. Beside it extends benefits additionally in the
shape of peace agreements through Collective Bargaining Agent (CBA) due to which the
local people enjoy comparatively better standard of living.

PMDC has four salt and four coal projects in Pakistan, out of which three salt mines in
are located in Punjab and one in NWFP, as for coal mines three coal mines are situated in
Balochistan, one coal mine in Sindh. All these mines are called PMDC’s operating
projects and have no separate legal entity. PMDC has also two subsidiary company one in
the name of Lakhra Coal Development Company (LCDC) operating a coal mines in
Sindh in which PMDC owns 50% shares while 25% each is owned by Government of
Sindh and WAPDA respectively and another in the name of Sarhad Mineral Limited
(SML) operating a salt mine in NWFP in which it has 49% Authority (Government of
NWFP). At the same time PMDC has investment in development of soap stone and coal
projects in Federally Administrative Tribal Areas (FATA) areas as a joint venture partner
with FATA Secretariat of Governor NWFP. Similarly it has profit sharing agreement with
Chinese Company who is developing Duddar Lead Zinc deposits in Balochistan. PMDC
projects have not a separate legal entity. All employees working in the projects are
appointed by the PMDC. Funds requirements of the projects are also met by PMDC Head
Office against sales revenues generated from the sale of salt and coal. Prior to 1999,
PMDC was facing liquidity crunch and was at the brink of collapse. It had offered some
projects for sale at that time, the GOP would have got nothing and instead has to
contribute from its kitty to pick up its loan liabilities and discharge the liabilities of
employees and others. In the following years PMDC has turned around in a big way by
increasing its productivity significantly and has now emerged as a progressive
organization.
 Organization Chart:

Managing Director

GM DGM GM GM GM GM GM
(P&D) (Audit) (Salt) (F&A) (A&L) (Mktg) (Coal)
(Med)

Manager Manager DGM DGM DGM DGM DGM

(P&D) (FATA) (Salt) (F&A) (Est.) (Law) (Coal)

Project Project Project

Project
Manager Manager Manager Manager
Manager
Khewra Warcha (Planning) Sor Range
Project Degari
Manager
Kalabagh
P.M
Jatta B.
Kheil Project Project
Manager Manager
Sharigh Lakhra

The introduction and history of PMDC projects are given below:

Khewra Salt Mines:

Khewra Salt Mines project is located at Latitude 32-39 N and Longitude 73-03 E
about 5 kilometers north side of Tehsil Pind Dadan Khan, District Jehlum on the right
bank of Jhelum River. These mines are accessible both from Lahore – Islamabad
Motorway via Lilla and Kalar Kahar Interchange. The approach road from Islamabad to
Khewra Salt Mines is 152 kilometer on the south side and 13 kilometer from Choa
Saidan Shah in the north side.

The existence and extraction of salt dates back well before the Christ Birth (B.C).
“Celokas” who was a General of the Alexander the great’s army has mentioned the
mining of salt in this area in 327 B.C. Emperor Akbar mentioned the trade of Salt Range
salt in “Ain-e –Akbari. The Mughal and former rulers were collecting revenue from this
source, which continued till Sikh regime. The salt mines changed hands from Mughals to
Sikhs in 1809 AD and salt became one of the 48 commodities.The whole of Salt Range
had gone under the Company with the annexation of Punjab in 1849. Initially this mine
was given under the administrative control of the Punjab Salt and Custom Department,
but in 1869-70 it was handed over to the Inland Custom Department (Central). In 1947,
after partition, the Excise & Taxation Department, Government of Pakistan took over
these mines and with the passage of time these mines were controlled by various
department namely Bureau of Mineral Resources, WPIDC and finally these were
transferred to PMDC in July 1974.

Warcha Salt Mines:

PMDC Salt Mines, Warcha is situated in Distt. Khushab. It is about 60 Km North

- West of Khushab city and about 20 Km North - East of Quaidabad. Warcha mines were
also working during the Mughal and Sikh periods.

In the year 1885, Dr. Warth introduced the scientific Room & Pillar method of salt
excavation, the then Chief Engineer, which is still in vogue in Main Mine. In the past
there were track line mounted activities in Main Mine, but to curtail the expenditure on
production of rock salt, the system has been changed to trackless mining during the
month of July, 2002

The mining area is divided into two sections i.e. Main Mine and Jansukh Mines. The
excavation of rock salt from Main Mine at Warcha is carried out through Registered
Miners and from Jansukh Mines through raising contractor. There are 102 Registered
Miners at this project and they work under the supervision of 7 Nos. Gang -men. These
Gang-men/Registered Miners have been restricted only in Main Mine, Warcha. But in
Jansukh area, the raising contractors have been allotted various Mines for the excavation
contract of rock salt.

Kalabagh Salt Mines:

Kalabagh Salt Mines are located at a road distance of about 300 Km SW of

Islamabad. The mines are mainly situated on the right bank of river Indus. The Kalabagh
Salt Mines are divided in to 3 major sections as under: -

Main Mine located behind the Kalabagh city near village Wanda Kukranwala and bank of
River Indus.
Drift Nos. 12, 13 and 14 located in Kalabagh city at Zero Point.
Mari Mines located near old Mari village Tehsil & District Mianwali

PMDC is holding 2 leases for mining of rock salt from the area.

Mining Lease of Main Mine and Drifts 12, 13 and 14 over an area of 2649.7 acres.

Mining Lease of Mari for 1188 acres.

PMDC has applied for third lease at Katacha Bangi Khel to the Licensing Authority,
Govt. of Punjab.
The transportation of salt is through mules from deep chambers in the main mine up-to
the lowest level and then through haulage. In other sections, it is exclusively through
mules.
There is no Chemical Industry at or around Kalabagh as ICI at Khewra and Olympia at
Warcha, therefore the major quantities of salt are sold to the salt dealers. A small quantity
is, however, supplied to P.O.F. Wah and Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission.

Bahadurkhel Salt Quarries:

Bahadurkhel Salt Quarries are situated about 80 K.M. from Kohat , 48 Km from
Bannu, 32 Km from Karak district and 156 K.M south of capital of NWFP.. It lies on
topographic sheet No.38-O/4.

The British took the Kohat quarries in the year 1849. Before the British rulers, these
quarries were held by local Chieftains who were paying a nominal payment to the Sikh
rulers. The British government selected 13 Maliks from Charpara, Bahadurkhel and
Darish Khel villages for excavation of salt. Bahadurkhel Salt Quarries are the biggest
quarries of NWFP. Maliks of these villages arranged Miners for excavation of rock salt
from these quarries and British Govt. paid an extra amount after excavation of 100
Maunds salt (Salmani). The British Govt. fixed salmani for the Maliks in 1942.

It is further stated that when any one among the Maliks or Salmani Holder dies their legal
hairs occupy the salmani charges.

Jatta Salt Quarries:

Jatta salt quarries are situated 100 K.M south on the Indus Highway from
Peshawar, 32 Km from Kohat city and 32 Km from Karak city. The area lies on
Topographic sheet No. 38-K/4.

Karak Salt Quarries:

Karak Salt Quarries are located 138 K.M south on the Indus Highway from
Peshawar and 5 Km away from the Karak city. The area lies on Topographic sheet No.
38-O/4.It is smallest section of Jatta/Bahadurkhel Project.. There are three underground
mines, one main mine is presently running departmentally and other two through
excavation contractors. The sale price of Karak salt is Rs.107/- per tonne and we are
paying Rs.30/- per tonne to the salt cutter on departmental mine and Rs,67/- per tonne to
the contractors from the above price of salt.

OPERATING PROJECTS OF COAL:

Sharigh Coal Project:

PMDC Collieries Sharigh is located at about 145 K.M from Quetta in the East,
and 120 K.M North of Sibi. It is connected with rail track by Sibi-Khost Section.
Sharigh/Khost Coal field was discovered in the North/Western part of India. After
extension of Railway track in these parts in 1880, the then North/Western Railway
Department was extracting coal to operate their locomotives. After-wards, these mines
were abandoned when better quality coal was discovered in Bengal and Behar. After
independence, the Government of Pakistan allotted Sharigh Collieries to the Tikam Das.

Sor Range Coal Project:

PMDC Sor Range Collieries is located to the South-East of Quetta city at a
distance of approx 25 K.M. Since 1900, the activities of Sor Range Collieries (Now
called PMDC Sor Range Collieries) had been caring-out by different stake-
holders/Parties till the handing over to PIDC in 1956. After independence in 1947, a
Labour Jamadar took illegal possession of the mines until 1949, when the Government of
Pakistan grouped the numerous small mines into larger economic units and allocated
these to private parties. The above leases were transferred to PIDC in 1956, which after
then in 1974, mines were handed-over to the PMDC.

Lakhra Coal Project:

Lakhra Coal Field is located at a distance of about 75 Kilometers to NW of
Hyderabad and 217 kilometers to NE of Karachi. The nearest village from Lakhra is
Khanote, which is situated on main Indus Highway and rail link between Hyderabad and
Dadu. A metaled road joins PMDC leased area with the Indus Highway.
Degari Coal Project:
Degari Collieries are situated at about 50 Kilometers to the South East of Quetta
via Spezend in the District of Quetta, at an altitude of 2000 meters. Degari area was
mined initially by the local tribes, and then the mining area was acquired by Khan of
Kalat till 1942. Thereafter, Regional Coal Contractor took-over the control of these
mines from Government of India. After independence, once again Khan of Kalat gained
the rights of mining but very soon the mines were passed-on to the jurisdiction of the
Balochistan State Union. On the formation of one unit, the mines were transferred to
Department of industries, Government of West Pakistan. In 1960, the prospects were
handed-over to PIDC who started development work. On the recommendations of
Japanese Experts, these mines were mechanized and operated under the supervision of
Japanese Engineers till 1971. In 1974, PMDC took over the mines from PIDC and had
been achieving an appreciable production upto 1984-85, and earned cumulative profit of
Rs. 24.057 million upto 1984-85.
Functions/Operations of PMDC:

As explained earlier, PMDC has four salt and four coal projects. Its basic function
is to searvh for minerals, explore, develop and develop and exploit the minerals of al kind
including copper, lead, zinc, coal and salt. It is extracting these minerals and selling it.
From there it is generating revenue. Also PMDC has two subsidiaries one in the name of
Lakhra Coal Development Company operating a coal mine in Sindh in which PMDC
owns 50% share while 25% each is owned by Government of Sindh and WAPDA. As the
50% shares are owned by PMDC, so it is holding the management of LCDC. Its
managing director is the employee of PMDC. Another subsidiary is in the name of
Sarhad Mineral Limited operating a salt mine in NWFP in which it has 49% Authority
(Government of NWFP). At the same time PMDC has investment in development of soap
stone and coal projects in FATA areas as a joint venture partner with FATA Secretariat of
Governor NWFP. Similarly it has profit sharing agreement with Chinese Company who is
developing Duddar Lead Zinc deposits in Balochistan. PMDC projects are not a separate
legal entity. All employees working in the projects are appointed by the PMDC. Funds
requirements of the projects are also met by PMDC. Head Office against sales revenues
generated from the sale of salt and coal. Prior to 1999, PMDC was facing liquidity crunch
and was at the brink of collapse. Had it been offered for sale at that time, the GOP would
have got nothing and instead has to contribute from its kitty to pick up its loan liabilities
and discharge the liabilities of employees and others. In the following years PMDC has
turned around in a big way by increasing its productivity significantly and has now
emerged one of the progressive organization. So it is cleared that its basic operation is
the production of salt and coal and then sale of it at a price so that it can earn a profit after
deducting all the expenses.
OPERATING PROJECTS OF SALT
 Khewra Salt Mines:
 Warcha Salt Mines
 Kalabagh Salt Mines
 Bahadurkhel Salt Quarries
 Jatta Salt Quarries
 Karak Salt Quarries
OPERATING PROJECTS OF COAL:
 Sharigh Coal Project
 Sor Range Coal Project
 Lakhra Coal Project
 Degari Coal Project:
LONG TERM SUPPLY AGREEMENTS:

PMDC has long term Coal supply agreements with

 Fecto Cement
 Kohat Cement
 Lucky Cement
 Wapda Power Plant,Khanot
 Olympia chemicals, Quaidabad
 Zeal Pak Cement, Hyderabad
Salt Marketing
 Export to India
 ICI Soda Ash Factory, Khewra
 Sitara chemicals
 Olympia Chemical, Warcha
 Ittehad Chemical, Kala Shah Kaku
 Revenues:
PMDC is generating revenue from its operations; from production and sale of
minerals and then paying all the administrative expenses and other contributions. Other
sources of its income are “Interest Income” and sale of scraps or some where sale of
tender forms. It also gives the dividend to the government of Pakistan, as it is generating
profit, therefore, it is paying tax to the government. All these are explained one after
other. Its profit and loss for the last five years is tabulated below. The amounts of
dividend paid and the amount of tax paid to the government is also tabulated.

PROFIT AND LOSS FOR THE LAST FIVE YEARS

Rs. In “000”
2006-07 2005-06 2004-05 2003-04 2002-03
Profit Before Tax 128,729 236601 188000 146403 63350
Profit After Tax 86619 159009 126661 123375 60824
Net Profit/Loss After 21802 20676 -5216 106926 60824
Tax And Reserves

DIVIDEND PAID TO THE GOVERNMETN OF PAKISTAN

(For the last two years and proposed for the year 2007-08)
Rs. In “000”
Proposed for 2007-08 2007-08 2006-07
15000 25000 15000

TAX PAID TO THE GOVERNMENT

(For the last five years)
Rs. In “000”
2007-08 2006-07 2005-06 2004-05 2003-04
42110 77592 61339 23028 2526
Therefore it is cleared from above detail that PMDC is generating profit from which it
pays tax to the government, as well dividend, therefore, it became a source of income for
the government. As well as it provide employment to the people on regular and
permanent basis. Other revenues of it are from sale of scrap and the Interest Income, but
the major portion of income is from sale of minerals. These are also tabulated in the
supporting documents which are appended with this assignment.
Strength:
The strength of its employees as on March, 31st 2008 is 2352 (Two Thousand and
Fifty Two). These employees are working at Head office & Branch Offices as well as at
projects. The total number of permanent officers in PMDC is 83, while 25 are the
supervisors. Regular staff workers are 655. Contract workers are 324, and the coal cutters
and other laborers at coal and salt mines are 1260.the total of these all comes to 2353.
Social Responsibility:
For the welfare of society it is contributing too much. It has established high
schools at different projects like Khewra, Warcha, Sor-Range, Lahr etc for the welfare of
the children of employees and for the other general public. Also it has made a mining
survey college at PMDC salt mines Khewra project. And also it has established other
educational institutions for the welfare of public. PMDC charges half fee from the
children of its employees as well it provide free education facility to the needy students.
When an employee of the PMDC died, it give free education to the children of their ex-
employee and many other incentives like free house rent for one year and some donation
and also the amount of insurance i.e. Rs. 200,000 to the worker or staff and Rs. 400,000
and above to the family of the ex-employee. Also the insurance of all its employees is
free, for which the contribution paid by the corporation. Beside these it provides free
medical facility to the employees and their dependents. For this PMDC is bearing huge
medical expenses. As the welfare is considered, being a profitable organization, PMDC is
paying tax to the government which is used for the welfare of the general public. Further
it has made an asthma resort hospital for the patient of asthma, in which the asthma
patients are admitted and they feel better after the treatment from this hospitals. Also it
donates some amounts to the schools and hospitals. Recently it has donated Rs. 300,000
to a school which is located in Jatta Bahadur Khel, Distt. Karak. As it employees 2352
people and many other are lease holders and the private laborers who are also earning
from the existing of PMDC.

Products:
The major products of PMDC are coal, salt, zinc, silica and lead. After producing the coal
and salt it sells them. Also they have many by products like salt show pieces and salt
lamps which are very popular all over the world. The salt of PMDC is popular in batter
quality all over the world. The coal of better quality in Pakistan is also produced by the
PMDC. PMDC is well known in its products all over the Pakistan as well it is famous in
many countries.
Services:
Although the basic function of PMDC is to produce not to serve, yet it is
providing its services to the visitors visiting PMDC salt mines Khewra tourist resort. The
tourist resort of PMDC is shown in a pamphlet appended below this project.
Contribution towards government:
PMDC is contributing its funds toward the government. The major amount
is the dividend and the tax. It is paying tax every year from its operations. Also it pays
dividend to the government of Pakistan. PMDC is based upon self sustained basis yet it
contributes in GDP.
 Problems and Solutions:

There are some problems which PMDC is facing and also the solutions for these
are prescribed under that.
(1) Privatization:
PMDC is on the hit list of privatization by Pakistan Privatization
Commission. It could be privatized soon. Due to this process of privatization,
organization cannot start new projects as well the employees are more concerned
with their future. Organization is not taking the risk of opening new projects and
to invest huge amount on development of projects as well as on research, because
it will increase the expenses of the company and also it affects on the liabilities of
the company.
Solution:
We suggest that the problem of privatization should be solved by the new
government and if it is not going to privatize then the government should give
surety, so that they can invest on new projects and also to make research more. As
for employees they will work with full attention and devotion.
(2) Competition with Private sector:
PMDC is facing a problem of competition with private sector. As private
mine lease holders are producing/ extracting minerals at a low cost and they sold
at a price which is near equal to the cost of production of PMDC. So it is difficult
for the PMDC to compete with them. The reason for the high cost of production
of PMDC is the use of obsolete method of production and it employees a large
number of people to which they give certain incentives and paying a huge salaries
and wages, it is its administration cost.
Solution:
Organization should compete with private sector. They can
compete if they reduce their cost of production. They can reduce their cost of
production if they use the advanced method of production and new machineries
and technologies, also they should employ the persons as much they have needed.
Furthermore, the abilities of marketing department should be improved, and
marketing managers have less potential to face this problem. Marketing manager
need to overcome this problem by new ideas and marketing techniques.
 Inherited rights to 685 miners:
At the time of independence, the British’s transferred some working rights
to the 685 workers at Khewra salt mines and 28 miners in Kalabagh salt mines
and some in Warcha project and other. which were the employees in mines at that
time and when Pakistan came into being, that rights also acquired legal status.
After the formation of PMDC it faced a problem by them, as they have the rights
in production the PMDC had to pay and is paying a huge cost to them for the
extraction of salt at Khewra project. The organization can not use machinery at
that projects, if it do this then there are strikes by the trade-ism unions and they
harm organizational resources. In 1999, PMDC has done the same practice and
there was a strike by the unions and they burnt vehicles and buildings of the
organization.

Solutions:
The project managers take a step to overcome these problems. The
manager should negotiate with these Miners who have Right from the British
Government. Managers satisfy them that Mechanization and Mass production is
not against their Rights.
(3) Overall cost increases:
PMDC have employed large number of employees. These employees are
given many facilities like health, children education, scholarships etc.
Organization has also health units and educational institute. Asthma hospital and
Survey College in Khewra (Jehlam) and Survey College in Makarwal are also
working.
Solution:
The overall cost is not a problem for the PMDC. Most of organizations
provide these facilities to their employees or those people where organization
operates their projects.

(4) Lack of technology:

PMDC is also facing a problem of new technology for extracting deposits
of minerals. Some deposits needs modern technology. PMDC have no funds for
acquiring these technologies.
Solution:
 If Government finances the PMDC then it will purchase the new
technology from other countries.

(5) systematic Problem:

PMDC faces a systematic problem. As we mentioned above there is only
manually work which is done through hand. Employees have no habits of
working. They are not regular on projects. Marriage or death of any employee
or their relative may cause stop working on the projects. The whole work is
closed. They are the only trend worker in Mines on that area. There is no
backup. They have also working rights in these mines so PMDC cannot arrange
worker from external sources.
Solution:
Manager should motivate the workers and also give incentives to the
employees. They should apply new management techniques.
Labor problems in Coal Mines:
Coal mines are very deep. These mines are different from one an other.
These need highly safety measures. Only trained labor works inside the coal
mines. The labor in these mines belong to swat and north waziristan. They are
very hard working as well specialized in this field. As now the politico legal
situation of their native cities are
Solution:
PMDC should train some labor to overcome this problem. PMDC have
some Institution at some project. Survey colleges in Makarwal (Mianwali) and
Khewra (Jehlam) are the perfect places where these classes can be arranged.

(6) Timber used in Coal Mines:

Timber is used in coal mines for proper working. This increases the cost of
production in coal mines because timber is very expensive in these days. As well
its availability is rare, it looks very difficult some times to purchase timber when
it is not available in the markets or the size they are searching is not available,
then the production process is affected.
Solution:
This problem should be resolved by using some substitute or alternative of timber,
which would be stronger than timber and it should also be less than the cost of
timber, so that the cost can be reduced and the working will not affect.
(7) Private people import Coal:
Private people import coal which is in better quality. They donot purchase
the coal from PMDC. Only some Government Organizations like WAPDA,
Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission and some Cement Factories purchase coal
from PMDC. PMDC produces only 10% of total Coal used in Pakistan. Quality of
this coal is not good so people prefer imported coal.
Solution:
The government should take some strict measured so that the local
producers like PMDC should be encouraged. In this connection, the government
should raise the import duty and tariff. The private sector organization should also
buy coal from PMDC, as it is low in price, so that the own national producers
should survive and they will encourage in this way. This will also save our foreign
exchange and improve the balance of payment of our country.
Geo-Political Problems:
A Geo-political problem of Pakistan is not good. Political problem in
Pakistan is also disturbing from a longer period. After explosion of Atom Bomb in
1998, many foreign companies of Japan, Germany and Australia stop their
working on many projects. After 9/11 security problems increased in Pakistan.
Foreign does not show their interest. Their security cost increased. Jatta Bahadur
Khel near district Karak facing political problems.
Solutions:
It is very serious problem. It is prevailing all over Pakistan. Government
should provide security to PMDC for proper working with foreign companies on
the projects. PMDC also arrange their securities measures.
(8) Lahore and Quetta Branches:
The basic objective of these branches is to enhance the sale of salt and
coal correspondingly. The branch in Lahore is responsible for the sale of salt to
abroad. But it is not performing its function effectively. Also its function is to
make the exports of salt to India but it is not achieving its objective. Its
administration cost is increasing to much. Similarly the Quetta branch also fails to
achieve their goals.
Solution:
The efficiency of these two branch offices can be increased by reducing
their expenses and by finding the hurdles of these. Why they are not working so
 effectively? When you find the problem then you can solve it. As some wise man
told “when you define your problem, half of your problem is solved. In our
opinion the problem is:
I) High administrative cost.
II) Non- MBA persons, who are not specialized in this field.
(9) No research work:
There is lack of research and development which can be seen through on
its number of projects which are same as these were on creation of PMDC.
Solution:
PMDC should start a research program for increasing the production of
salt and coal but also other deposits like Gold, Iron etc. as these are described in
its Article of Association.
Our Observation and Suggestion about the Organization:

We visited Pakistan Mineral Development Corporation and we have

observed many things in it. Being a self sustained basis it works more effectively
than the other government organizations working in Pakistan. It provides
employment to the 2352 people directly and thousands other are also there which
are living their lives due to the PMDC. As explained earlier it provides medical,
educational and many other facilities to the people of Pakistan. It contributes in
GDP. It pays tax and dividend to the government. The salt we purchase at a low
cost is due to the PMDC being involved in the process of extraction. As the
government is going to privatize it, but the actual fact is that it is a profitable
organization, it is not any burden on the government, as it is giving employment
to the thousand of peoples directly or indirectly, therefore it should not be
privatized, it is resource for our country. No doubt it is facing many problems in
its operations but the fact is that problems exist in every system. The problems
can be removed in some cases by taking drastic actions. If the government wants
to privatize then there will also be a problem of its bid as no one can buy this a
huge organization himself alone. Its privatization is a political issue. We observed
it as a potential organization; its problems should be heard by the government, so
that it can work more effectively. We have seen many its advantages to the society
so it should work and not to be privatized. The new government can think upon it
and see that how much it is better full for the country, as natural resources are
wealth of a nation.