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Professional University In partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the award of Degree of Master of Business Administration Submitted by: Name of the student: Anil gangar University Roll No:RQ1906A04 DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY JALANDHAR NEW DELHI GT ROAD PHAGWARA PUNJAB
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Ones few words are not able to express my feeling for indebtness and gratitude towards those who help me in accomplishment of ones goal. It gives me immense pleasure to express my sincere gratitude to my esteemed guide MR SUSANTA BOSE for giving me valuable guidance, help, encouraging attitude and supervision throughout my study. It is matter of privilege that I derived benefits of his experience. I am grateful to S. Jarnail Singh Wahid (chairman cum managing director), S. sukhbir Singh sandhar (joint managing director) and S. sandeep Singh Wahid (director) for allowing me to undertake training in Wahid sandhar sugars ltd. Phagwara. My special thanks to MR. Sukhvir Singh garcha (manager of HR department) who guided me at every step in a friendly and encouraging manner. I sincerely thanks to the staff of the Wahid sandhar sugars ltd and specially Personnel Department who played a vital role at every step of my work completed.
Sr no 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Detail Introduction to the topic Introduction to the company Objective and research methodology Data analysis and findings Suggestions and conclusion References
ABSTRACT
Every company has good managers and bad, just as every company has good employees as well as bad. If you want to look for examples, there are enough of them in this industry to pretty much any point of support you hold. You will find extraordinarily working hours but you will also find adrenaline pumping exhilaration at the end of a successfully ended project report. You will find people complaining about monotony of work, but you will also find huge premium on creativity and enterprise. this is the ground reality of new knowledge industry of our country and while not everything is right with it there is more that is good than has ever been in any single economic sector in India. Wahid sandhar sugars mill is creating a positive environment for efficient and smooth work. With the repetitive nature of work, ones efficiency get affected and growth oriented opportunities become less . Under the provision of the company, to any issue and problem, company takes initiatives with time and appropriate measures. For efficient working, managers do have to take care about the professional and personal growth.
An instrument for increasing the efficiency of enterprises and establishing harmonious relations; A device for developing social education for promoting solidarity among workers and for Tapping human talents; A means for achieving industrial peace and harmony which leads to higher productivity and increased production; A humanitarian act, elevating the status of a worker in the society; An ideological way of developing self-management and promoting industrial democracy.
Importance:
Unique motivational power and a great psychological value. Peace and harmony between workers and management. Workers get to see how their actions would contribute to the overall growth of the company. They tend to view the decisions as `their own and are more enthusiastic in their implementation. Participation makes them more responsible. They become more willing to take initiative and come out with cost-saving suggestions and growth-oriented ideas.
It is now necessary that we review the steps that have been taken in India to specify the areas in which, workers can participate in management, and the machinery that can be provided for participation The participation has to be at different levels of management: (i)
(ii) (iii)
at the shop level, at the department level, and at the top level. The decision-making at these different levels would assume different patterns in regard to policy formulation and execution.
Elements of Participation
The term participation has different meanings for different purposes in different situations. McGregor is of the view that participation is one of the most misunderstood idea that has emerged from the field of human relations. Keith Davis has defined the term participation as the mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to group goals and share responsibilities in them. This definition envisages three important elements in participation. Firstly, it means mental and emotional involvement rather than mere physical activity; secondly, participation must motivate a person to contribute to a specific situation to invest his own resources, such as initiative, knowledge, creativity and ingenuity in the objectives of the organization; and thirdly, it encourages people to share responsibility for a decision or activity. Sharing of responsibility commits people to ensure the success of the decision or activity.
Scope and ways of participation :One view is that workers or the trade unions should, as equal partners, sit with the management and Make joint managerial decisions. The other view is that workers should only be given an opportunity, through their representatives, to Influence managerial decisions at various levels. In practice, the participation of workers can take place by one or all the methods listed below: 1. Board level participation 2. Ownership participation 3. Complete control 4. Staff or work councils 5. Joint councils and committees 6. Collective Bargaining 7. Job enlargement and enrichment 8. Suggestion schemes 9. Quality circles 10. Empowered teams 11. TQM 12. Financial participation
This would be the highest form of industrial democracy. The workers representative on the Board can play a useful role in safeguarding the interests of workers. He or she can serve as a guide and a control element. He or she can prevail upon top management not to take measures that would be unpopular with
7 the employees. He or she can guide the Board members on matters of investment in employee benefit schemes like housing, and so forth.
Advantages:
Ensures identification of the workers with their organization. Industrial disputes disappear when workers develop loyalty to the organization. Trade unions welcome this type of participation.
Conclusion:
Complete control by workers is not an answer to the problem of participation because the Workers do not evince interest in management decisions.
9 crude concept of exercising power for the benefit of one party. WPM, on the other hand, brings both the parties together and develops appropriate mutual understanding and brings about a mature responsible relationship.
specialization that is seen as a by-product of mass production in industries, leads to Boredom and associated problems in employees. Two methods of job designing job enlargement and job enrichment are seen as methods of Addressing the problems. Job enlargement means expanding the job content adding task elements horizontally. Job enrichment means adding `motivators to the job to make it more rewarding. This is WPM in that it offers freedom and scope to the workers to use their judgment. But this form of participation is very basic as it provides only limited freedom to a worker concerning the method of performing his/her job. The worker has no say in other vital issues of concern to him issues such as job and income Security, welfare schemes and other policy decisions.
Management and operatives/employees should not work at cross-purposes i.e. they must have Clearly defined and complementary objectives.
Free flow of communication and information. Participation of outside trade union leaders to be avoided Strong and effective trade unionism. Workers education and training. Trade unions and government needs to work in this area. Trust between both the parties. Workers should be associated at all levels of decision-making.
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Employees cannot spend all their time in participation to the exclusion of all other work.
The attitude and outlook of the parties should be enlightened and impartial so that a free and frank exchange of thoughts and opinions could be possible. Where a right kind of attitude exists and proper atmosphere prevails the process of participation is greatly stimulated. Both parties should have a genuine faith in the system and in each other and be willing to work together. The management must give the participating institution its right place in the managerial organization of the undertaking and implementing the policies of the undertaking. The labor, on the other hand, must also whole heartedly co-operate with the management through its trade unions. The foremen and supervisory cadre must also lend their full support so that the accepted policies could be implemented without any resentment on either side. Participation should be real. The issues related to increase in production and productivity, evaluation of costs, development of personnel, and expansion of markets should also be brought under the jurisdiction of the participating bodies. These bodies should meet frequently and their decisions should be timely implemented and strictly adhered to. Further, Participation must work as complementary body to help collective bargaining, which creates conditions of work and also creates legal relations. There should be a strong trade union, which has learnt the virtues of unit and self-reliance so that they may effectively take part in collective bargaining or participation. A peaceful atmosphere should be there wherein there are no strikes and lock-outs, for their presence ruins the employees, harms the interest of the society, and puts the employees to financial losses. Authority should be centralized through democratic management process. The participation should be at the two or at the most three levels. Programs for training and education should be developed comprehensively. For this purpose, Labor is to be given education not to the head alone, not to the heart alone, not to the hands alone, but it is dedicated to the three; to make the workers think, feel and act. Labor is to be educated to enable him to think clearly, rationally and logically; to enable him to feel deeply and emotionally; and to enable him to act in a responsible way.
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Limitations of participation:
Technology and organizations today are so complex that specialized work-roles are required. This means employees will not be able to participate effectively in matters beyond their Particular environment. Everybody need not want participation. The role of trade unions in promoting participative management has been far from satisfactory. Employers are unwilling to share power with the workers representatives. Managers consider Participative management a fraud.
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These society arranged sugar supply in the factory through their member Grover. These society at the rate of 50% per paisa in the cane supply paid by each society to encourage the farmers to being more under sugar cane they are giving to the farmer these incentives such as interest free loan subsidies adjusted plant production chemicals high a (Kiran/Gahi) where in basic necessities have been provided exclusively for the use of the farmers. They have a good parking yard in front of their factory main gate where incoming cane to loaded trolleys and carts all parked in addition to this thy have acquired a suitable fact for packing of such cane loader vehicles. Both the places 400 canes trolleys can be parked which are crushed in 16 hours time. By production in Wahid Sandhar sugars limited is as below:o o o o o o o
4 tones of molasses 3 tones of presumed 0.3 tones of furnace ash and 1.5 kw power 30 tones cane tops and leave
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formally known as jagjit sugar Mill Company limited. The initial crushing capacity of the company was 400 tones per day which was increase to 1000 tones per day in the year 1933 by Dr Gokal chand narang. He was the founder member of this mill.
2. In august 1987 the oswal group took over by oswal group under the chairmanship of
sh. Abhey oswal then crushing capacity to 4000 tones per day.
3. In 1989, they setup new plant in sugar mill. 4. On 16th September 2000, this mill was taken over in the partnership of Wahid sandhar
group. Under the chairmanship of managing director sh. Sukhbir Singh sandhar the present crushing capacity is 4500 tones per day.
COMPANYS PROFILE
Name of industrial concern: Wahid sandhar sugars ltd. Date of incorporation/ registration : in the year 1933
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Date of commencement of business: 16th September 2000 Sector: private Location: G.T. road Phagwara installed capacity: 4500 tones per day initial crushing capacity: 400 tones per day registered office: Wahid sandhar sugars ltd, Phagwara, and kapurthla CEO name: sandeep Wahid Annual turnover : Rs 50 to Rs 250 crore Number of employees : above 1000 Nature of company: manufacturer.
16 Location:- G.T. road Phagwara Main suppliers:- local farmers (Phagwara) Raw material:- sugar cane
AUDITORS
CONTRIBUTION TOWARDS
SOCIETY:
Two schools are opened by Wahid sandhar ltd. A club is also opened by Wahid sandhar is known as Dev Club. A sewing centre has been also opened by Wahid sandhar ltd.
TRUST: Mill has its own trust namely jagjit trust. The trust has established in the year 1946. The entire provident fund cut from the employees salary is deposited in this trust. Mill gives the annually record of this provident fund to the government .
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Sugars:Production of sugar is seasonal. The production season starts from 1 November to 30 April.
st th
Molasses:It is used as raw material for alcohol products in distilleries and in cattle feed industries. It is also used in casting.
Presumed:It is used as fertilizers in the field and for bio comport making.
Identifying the customers requirement and translating them into products. Purchasing the process of being about continuous improvement by the employees of the company.
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Ensuring the quality about insurance system and procedures are highly maintained and continuously upgraded to reflect customers changing requirement.
OBJECTIVES OF MY STUDY
As an essential part of my BBA programme I have done my summer training in human resource management area at Wahid sandhar sugars limited phagwara where I worked on the project on role of workers participation in management. The primary objective of my study is to analyze the actual participation of workers in management of Wahid sandhar sugar mill ltd and other objectives are as under:1. To know about the human resources development within the organization. 2. To know the employer employees relationship and their behavior towards others and about their authority and relationship 3. To know the growth of company.
4.
Research methodology
The data which have already been collected and processed by some other persons and taken from their statistical data. This data can be collected from
Published sources Unpublished sources Data is collected by all the reports and books provided by the company. Internet- I collected data from the Sugar Mills Website Moreover i took the help of my companys mentor Sh. Sukhbir Singh Garcha .(Head of human resource department)
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Wahid sandhar sugars limited uses the following methods for encouraging workers participation in management
Financial Participation: This method involves less consultations or even joint decisions. Performance of the organization is linked to the performance of the employee. The logic behind this is that if an employee has a financial stake in the organization, he/she is likely to be more positively motivated and involved. Total Quality Management: TQM refers to the deep commitment, almost obsession, of an organization to quality. Every step in companys processes is subjected to intense and regular scrutiny for ways to improve it.
Participation through Suggestion Schemes: Employees views are invited and reward is given for the best suggestion. With this scheme, the employees interest in the problems of the organization is aroused and maintained. Progressive managements increasingly use the suggestion schemes. Suggestions can come from various levels. The ideas could range from changes in inspection procedures to design changes, process simplification, paper-work reduction and the like. Out of various suggestions, those accepted could provide marginal to substantial benefits to the company. The rewards given to the employees are in line with the benefits derived from the suggestions. Participation through Collective Bargaining: Through the process of CB, management and workers may reach collective agreement regarding rules for the formulation and termination of the contract of employment, as well as conditions of service in an establishment. Even though these agreements are not legally binding, they do have some force. For CB to work, the workers and the employers representatives need to bargain in the right spirit. But in practice, while bargaining, each party tries to take advantage of the other. This process of CB cannot be called WPM in its strongest sense as in reality; CB is based on the crude concept of exercising power for the benefit of one party. WPM, on the other hand, brings
20 both the parties together and develops appropriate mutual understanding and brings about a mature responsible relationship.
Wahid sandhar sugars limited uses the following methods for encouraging workers participation in management REPRESENTATIVE ON THE BOARD
One or more representative of the workers can be taken by the board of directors. Workers are therefore fully associated with top decision making body. They are thus responsible for the successful implementation of all plans.
DISCUSSIONS
In this system, managers or executives called a meeting of workers and share the information with them whenever they feel necessary. they explain the problems to worker and give information to them and invite suggestions from them. The workers give their opinions to managers to solve their problems.
SUGGETIONS
Under this system the employees are encouraged to make suggestions for improvement in problem of organization are consulted with workers and invite suggestions from them then workers feel like a part of organization.
DISCUSSIONS
21 In this system, managers or executives called a meeting of workers and share the information with them whenever they feel necessary. they explain the problems to worker and give information to them and invite suggestions from them. The workers give their opinions to managers to solve their problems.
PROVISIONS RELATING TO WORKERS REGARDING HEALTH SAFETY AND WELFARE UNDER THE FACTORY ACT 1948
The first factories ace in India was passed in 1881. The objective of this act is to protect the workers from unduly long hours from bodily strain or manual labour and to take precautions for the health, safety and workers. Wahid sandhar sugars mill ltd provides following provisions to workers. The provisions regarding health of workers are contained in section 11 to 20. The purpose of these provisions is to ensure that conditions under which work is carried in Wahid sandhar sugars mill ltd do not effect the health of workers adversely
CLEANLINESS
Wahid sandhar sugars mill ltd adopt the following measures: Accumulation of dirt and refuge the removed daily from the floors and benches of workrooms The floor of of workroom is cleaned at least ones in every week by washing.
DISPOSAL OF WASTE
Proper arrangements are made in the mill for the treatment of wastes due to manufacturing process.
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Prevent the inhalation of dust. Prevent accumulation of dust and fumes in workrooms.
LIGHTING
Every part of mill is provided with suitable lighting. Both artificial and manual lights are provided in the sugar mill
DRINKING WATER
In sugar mill proper and effective arrangements are made to provide drinking water to workers. Following rules are observed in mill: All water points clearly marked as drinking water in the language understood by workers. Such water points are situated at the distance of 6 meters of any working place, urinals etc.
SPITTONS
Sugar mill provided a sufficient number of spittoons to workers at convenient places. These all are maintained in clean and hygienic conditions
FENCING OF MACHINARY:
In Wahid sandhar sugar mill ltd, following machinery is securely fenced by safeguards: Every moving part of prime mover and every fly wheel connected to a prime mover The headrace and tailrace of every water wheel and water turbine
23 Any part of stock bar which project beyond the headstock of a lathe.
POWER :
In sugar mill suitable devices for cutting power in emergencies from running machinery are provided and maintained in every work room
WEBSITE:
www.wahidsandharsugars.com
TACKLES:
In Wahid sandhar sugars ltd the following provisions are following with respect lifting machines, chains and ropes for the purpose of raising or lowering of good persons or materials. These shall be:
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Of good construction and sound material. Properly maintained Thoroughly examined by a competent person at least ones in every year.
REVOLVING MACHINERY :
In every room in a mill in which the process of grinding is carried on, these shall be permanently affixed to or placed or near each machines in use, a notice indicating maximum safe peripheral speed.
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To To To To
attain industrial peace and harmony give the workers and acceptable status. develop self management in the industry. increase the productivity level with mutual understanding by WPM
Easy to implement the change may by possible Information sharing and decision making Improving the
Factor considering by Wahid Sandhar sugars limited in Employees/Workers Participation in Management [WPM] :
The type of decision Subject matter of participation Level of participation Subsidiary level Time factor Extend of participation Significance of decision Industrial practices Past experience data Degree of possibility No. of workers Methods of participation Managerial views regarding workers
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Q3. How often your work disturbs your personal life? Always Often Never Frequently Sometimes Q.4 Are you shifted to different job when you start feeling monotonous in particular job? Always Often Never Frequently Sometimes
Q.5 Is merit considered uppermost by the management while giving the rewards ? Strongly agree Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly disagree Q6. Does your organization provides opportunities for progress so that you can fulfill your career objectives?
28 Q.7 your interpersonal relation with your boss is? Good Very good Bad Neither good nor bad Q.8 association with informal group members adds to your productivity? Strongly agree Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly disagree
Q.9 are the recreational and monetary incentives given to employees to motivate ? Agree Disagree
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Conclusion From the above table it can be said that the top and middle level management find their work more interesting and the low level find it less interesting.
Q. 2 Are the working condition of the job physically comfortable? Level of management Top level Middle level Lower level Total Response Yes 3 9 34 46
no 0 4 45 60
Conclusion It is cleared from the figures that the top and middle level management is physically comfortable .whereas lower level is less comfortable.
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Q3. How often your work disturbs your personal life? Level of management Top level Always 0 Frequently 0 Often 1 Sometimes 1 Never 2
Middle level
Lower level
22
25
20
Total
24
27
23
11
12
Conclusion It is clearly mentioned from above that lower level of managements life is disturbed because of their workings while the life of higher level management is affected less by that.
Q.4 Are you shifted to different job when you start feeling monotonous in particular job?
Always 0
Frequently 1
Often 0
Sometimes 2
Never 0
Middle level
Lower level
12
15
10
18
25
Total
15
21
12
22
26
31 Conclusion Rotation of workers is for the few jobs. It is just the lower level who have rotated periodically so that the monotony of work could be reduced whereas the higher level management dont have to face such rotations.
Q.5 Is merit considered uppermost by the management while giving the rewards ?
Strongly agreed 2
agreed
un decided
Strongly disagree 0
disagree d
Middle level
Lower level
37
27
Total
44
31
10
11
Conclusion It is strongly suggested by workers that the merit of the workers should be keep in mind while giving the rewards.
32 Q6. Does your organization provides opportunities for progress so that you can fulfill your career objectives? Level of management Top level Strongly agreed 2 agreed un decided Strongly disagree 0 disagree d
Middle level
Lower level
10
26
10
30
Total
19
30
10
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Conclusion It is considered that the top and middle level is provided opportunities for progress so that you can fulfill your career objectives but the lower level is found sad in this. Q.7 your interpersonal relation with your boss are? Level of Good Very good Bad management Top level 1 2 0
Middle level
Lower level
23
35
18
Total
31
41
20
33 All the level of management are in view that they have good relationship with their boss. The good relationship avoids strikes and lock outs.
Strongly agreed 1
agreed
un decided
Strongly disagree 0
disagree d
Middle level
Lower level
34
31
Total
42
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Conclusion Almost all the groups agree that association with informal group members adds to their productivity. So it is always recommended to increase the informal groups.
Q.9 are the recreational and monetary incentives given to employees to motivate ? Level of management Top level Middle level Lower level Total Response Agree 3 8 45 56
disagree 0 5 35 40
Conclusion It is clear from the above data that the recreational and monetary incentives given to employees motivates them to work and increases their productivity.
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It is not an easy task to recommend suggestions to such large organization. During the training period of six weeks, I am able to suggest that:
The staff was not ready to devote much time for providing the data to us. There is extremely bad smell in the production unit and the places around it. Provisions should be made to exhaust the bad smell. Workers of wahid sandhar sugars mill ltd. Are not so co-operate. They should cooperated each other to create friendly environment and for achieving their organizational goals. Efforts should be made to make production unit hygienic. Workers do not like to participate in top management. The management should motivate workers to participate in decision making and other suggestion schemes.
CONCLUSION
On the basis of my study during the training period of six weeks at Wahid sandhar sugars ltd the conclusion drawn relates to the positive aspect that there is participation of workers in management of Wahid sandhar sugars limited understand the importance of workers and satisfies all their need which in turn reduces the labour turnover and increases the profit and production of the industry. It also create co operation between top management and workers. The management system of the mill is very effective and efficient. All the workers of the mill perform their work properly and participate in the management. While studying and interpreting the need of workers participation. In management, the conclusion is to be drawn relate to positive aspect. There should be workers participation as workers are most dynamic factor which plays vital role. If workers participation is involved then they should feel a part of management. If they are given some importance then the peaceful administration will be more prevalent and will result in more productivity and increase in profitability. So, workers must be given a chance to participate only than both management and workers can co-operate.
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REFERENCES
HR management by Sukhbir Singh garcha Various reports of mills Mill official www.wahidsandharsugar.com.