Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
AN
ENGLISH THESAURUS
OF
HEBREW ROOTS
(THE VERBS) "A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
INTRODUCTION
This work is an extremely comprehensive English-language thesaurus of over thirty-three hundred Hebrew verb roots (Shoroshim) from all historical periods dating from the Biblical through modern times. SHOROSHIM PER LETTER
3306 Total
Although the primary purpose of this work is to provide the reader with the basic and derivative meanings (synonyms) of a specific root and related roots, a secondary objective is to demonstrate how what may first appear as dissimilar roots are actually related and stem from a common, primal root. Since the definitions and derivatives are gleaned from all grammatical forms including , ,, etc. the roots used herein may not be immediately obvious or intuitive. It is advised, therefore, that the reader peruse the following sets of Guidelines to get a better feel for how to locate the root. It should also be noted that a significant number of roots and definitions listed in this work are obscure and/or obsolete.
= Root is of Biblical origin IAW J.D. Eisensteins Otzar MaamareTanach (1925, New York) or = IAW M. Clark in his Etymological Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (1999, Jerusalem).
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
were consulted for the vast majority of entries, in exceptional cases, roots for which no other source was found were taken from the Etymological Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew, based on the
Commentaries of Rabbi Samson Raphael Hirsch Matityahu Clark, Feldheim Publishers, Jerusalem 1999 marked MC, and Isaac Mozeson's work The Word, Shapolsky Publishers, New York 1989 marked IM.
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
7. Words with an in the root are typically listed under source was found with this root written with an .
if a
8. Roots ending in an are listed under at the end, if this root was found written with a , e.g. for see .
9. The prefix is occasionally dropped as with , , , ,, etc. In such cases, the word is not listed and the reader should directly refer to its following three-letter root, i.e. , , ,.
10.If your word is in the form of z-y--x-, check the root zyx. Examples: for the word check , for check , for check , for check , for check , etc. except in a few instances where the is part of the root, specifically: ( ), ( ), (), ( )and in the case of whose root is listed as . 11.If your word is in the form of y-x--- check the root y-x- except in these cases: , ,. 12.If your word is in the form of y-x--- check the root y-x-. 13.If you have a five-letter word which begins with drop the and look at the rest of the root. Examples: For check , for check , for check , etc.
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
14.If you have a six-letter word which begins with drop all three of these prefix letters and look up the remain letters. Examples: For check ;for check ;for check , etc. 15.Drop the ( and the and the )from words exceeding four letters, such as ,( ),( ),( ) ( ), etc.
16.Often, the prefix has been dropped in four-letter roots. Therefore, simply look up the remaining three-letters, e.g. for check , for check , for check and so forth.
17.Not listed herein are many four-letter roots beginning with the letter " "which can easily be found by dropping the and checking the remaining three letters, e.g. for see , for see , for see , etc. unless those latter three letters are not part of the root, e.g. and .
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
19.Wherever a is not presented indicating if it is a or a it should be assumed to be a . The reader should check BOTH and for definitions and derivatives as there may be overlap between them. 20.For four-letter words beginning with a , drop the and look up the remaining three-letter root, e.g. for , check ;for , check ; for , check ;for , check , etc. unless a letter in the word repeats itself, such as in or in which case drop the doubled letter and check the root without it, e.g. and . 21.A number of words in the forms of -X- or X-- or X-- can be found under the form of X--.
22.Not listed are many four-letter Shoroshim beginning with the letter " "which can simply be found by dropping the prefix and looking up the remainder three letters, e.g. for check ;for , check ;for , check , etc. Enjoy, and let me know of your comments and corrections.
Reuven Brauner Eclectic Torah Compilations Raanana, Israel 26 Nissan 5772 - April 18, 2012 brauner1@actcom.net.il
Second Edition April 22, 2013
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
The prefix is occasionally dropped as with , , , ,, etc. In such cases, the word is not listed and the reader should directly refer to its following three-letter root, i.e. , , , .
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
See To slow up close, fill up, seal, make impermeable, shut a hole/gap, obstruct To luxuriate in fancy clothes [MC] To be left-handed/sinister close, shut up To be hostile to/an enemy of show enmity See To isolate [MC] To qualify
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
10
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
and
11
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
12
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
13
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
14
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
15
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
16
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , , ,
See
17
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
18
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
19
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , ,
20
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
21
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
22
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
23
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
24
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , ,
25
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , ,
26
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
27
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
To lop off branches, prune criticize (severely), condemn, censure kill off To use letters as numerals, practice numerology To ripen (fruit), mature reward, compensate, recompense, requite, pay, retaliate deal with wean, deprive oneself, break a habit drive a camel To cut the upper part peel, cut off, chop, raze, level See To hollow out [MC] To cease, end, finish, conclude, become obsolete, give finishing touch to, complete, decide, resolve ripen (fruit) burn spices on coal To be flexible, elasticize To steal, rob, thieve, kidnap, mislead, deceive, beguile, delude interject indirectly, insert stealthily sneak, creep, slink To decorate oneself, dress up, be coquettish, flaunt To blame, censure, denounce put to shame, make oneself repulsive To hide, conceal, shelve, table gather, hoard, store (away) To groan, sigh, grunt, growl cough and spit To protect, defend, cover over, surround To belch, burp To be dying/moribund, expire be rude See
28
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
29
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
30
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
31
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
32
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
, , , , , See
, , , , ,
33
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , , , ,
See
To suffice [MC] limit [MC] See To grout See See See See To retouch, restore, ink perspire diffuse, disperse, disseminate See See To oppress, suppress, repress, depress, deject, subdue, humble, be contrite, dismay, bow, cast down, crush, pound, beat, shatter, break, bruise discourage, dishearten, dissuade See also To declaim, recite, declare To bend downward, press/put down See also To strengthen [MC] To skip, jump, leap, omit See
, , ,
, , , , , See
, , , , ,
34
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
, , , ,
35
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , See See
To be a dictator To grow tall [MC] raise [MC] See also To declaim, recite, declare, pronounce See To pierce, prick, bore, stab, stick into, be riddled with penetrate sharply [MC]be sarcastic/pungent/ mordant See To disgrace, shame, abhor To goad with sharp instrument [MC] To spur on, goad, egg on, urge prick, pierce, stab, puncture, perforate, jab
36
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
37
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
1. If your word is in the form of z-y--x- check the root z-y-x. Examples: for the word check , for check , for check , for check , for check , etc. except in a few instances where the is part of the root, specifically: ( ), (), ( ), ( )and in the case of whose root is listed as . 2. If your word is in the form of y-x--- check the root y-x- except in the case of the following exceptions: , ,. 3. If your word is in the form of y-x--- check the root y-x-. 4. If you have a five-letter word which begins with - drop the and look at the rest of the root. Examples: For check , for check , for check , etc. 5. If you have a six-letter word which begins with -- drop all three of these prefix letters and look up the remaining letters. Examples: For check ;for check ;for check , etc. 6. Drop the ( and the and the )from words exceeding four letters like ( ),( ),( ),( ), etc.
38
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
39
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
To be, exist, cause to be, form, comprise, constitute, become, abide, remain, arise, appear, come upon/to pass, happen, accomplish, do, finish, exhaust, produce, make See To dare, challenge, provoke venture, hazard, undertake capitalize, profit from, exploit To attack, assault, assail See See To stand out To dream, daydream, hallucinate sprinkle, pepper, scatter rave, rant, ramble See To clamp See also
40
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
41
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , ,
42
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
43
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
44
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
To pile, heap up, mound, raise, loft mock, scorn, joke, jest, trifle with, deceive, deflate make steep, steepen lob, chuck, pitch See See To caution, warn, admonish See See See
45
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
Matityahu Clark makes the following interesting comment in his work Etymological Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew: "There are no roots that begin with the Hebrew consonant VAV (). Words whose basic form does begin with a VAV are usually part of the "( "is YOD) family of roots". That aside, we are presenting several possible roots.
46
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , ,
To make filthy, dirty, soil, pollute be loathsome/infected/contaminated smear with rancid oil To shine, be bright, glow, radiate, gleam, reflect light teach, warn, admonish, be strict/careful/cautious, take heed/care, beware, caution See also
, , , See
To flow, drip, stream, gush, issue, discharge meet pine away To pair, match, coincide, mate, copulate, cohabit, join, wed happen, occur To boil, flow over, seethe, cook lentils/porridge plan/mediate evil dare be insolent, act arrogantly/rebelliously package, pack up, bind together
47
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
, , , ,
48
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
49
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, See
50
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
51
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
52
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
See also , To embrace, hug, encircle, clasp, fold hands comprehend, realize, grasp comprise, include, encompass, embrace be idle See also , To compose, write, arrange attach, couple, add, connect/join together, unite, tie, fasten, attach, associate switch on bewitch socialize splice, join, fix/tie together, unite See also See
53
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
54
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
To favor, pity, forgive, pardon, bestow, endow, grant speak kindly, exalt someone, be gracious, beg/grant/show mercy, implore, supplicate, entreat make graceful, adorn, coquet, be blessed with See See To externalize partition, compartmentalize, screen off extrapolate To inscribe, engrave, hollow out, carve enact, legislate, decree, prescribe fix limits [MC] To grow pale, whiten, be pallid/blanch clarify, become clear, make evident See also To hasten, hurry, move swiftly, rush, speed up, accelerate feel pain, feel, sense, enjoy be indisposed press, depress, compress make perceptible/real/actual See To prophesize, forecast, behold, see, watch, foresee, perceive, regard feign, pretend, simulate To flash To lop off, trim To act as/sing like a cantor
55
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
56
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
57
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
58
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
59
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
60
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
61
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
62
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
63
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
64
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
65
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
66
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
To line up [MC] To fly (swiftly), dart, soar, float in air rush polish smear, cover up, besmear, blur, blot, dirty soften, make indistinct make to nothing
, ,
To dampen, moisten, wet To push, thrust, lift, strike, throw, shoot See See To mill, grind, pulverize, crush, chew To strain at stool/in urination To improve (soil or field), ameliorate be well-manured do well, get better See also To raise, elevate, lift up To plaster, smear, coat be dim (eyes) press, knock, rattle See also See See
67
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
68
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , ,
69
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
70
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
71
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
72
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
73
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
, ,
To forest, afforest
74
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
75
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
76
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
77
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
78
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
, , , ,
79
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
80
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
81
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , , ,
82
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
83
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
84
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
85
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , ,
86
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
See also To curse cover [MC] See also To caress, fondle, pat, pet, stroke To sharpen, improve, hone, whet, polish, grind, sand furbish hammer, forge To jest, laugh at, jeer, mock, deride, ridicule, scoff, sneer, make fun of, laugh at stammer, stutter See also To spend the night, sleep overnight use the cover/darkness of night become night See See
87
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , ,
88
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
89
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
90
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
Often the prefix has been dropped for four-letter roots beginning with the letter . Therefore, simply look up the remaining three-letter root, e.g. for check , for check , for check and so forth.
, ,
, ,
To lack [MC] To refuse, withhold, repudiate To despise, detest, abhor, loathe feel disgusted/loathsome throw away, reject, refuse To pierce, prick, perforate, destroy infect, contaminate, spread become malignant See To make delicious, give delight, sweeten, be excellent (fruit) To form pus, infect (with pus), suppurate, fester To mix, stir with ladle, smelt To deliver, grant, bestow defend, shield, protect To magnetize To pull/cast down, throw, hurl destroy, rout, defeat, overwhelm, knock-out (boxing)
91
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
92
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
93
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
94
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
95
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , ,
96
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
97
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
98
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
99
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
Not listed herein are many four-letter Shoroshim beginning with the letter " "which can easily be found by dropping the and checking the remaining three letters, e.g. for see , for see , for see , etc. unless those latter three letters are not part of the root, e.g. and .
, ,
, See
100
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , , , , ,
101
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, See
102
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
See also , , To flow, stream, throng shine, illuminate, beam, give light rejoice, celebrate, cheer To frustrate, bring to naught restrain, hinder, refuse, hold back turn/keep from See
103
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , ,
, , , ,
, , , ,
104
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
105
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
106
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
107
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
108
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
109
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , See
To prick, point, mark with points, dot, draw a dotted line, be speckled/ spotted punctuate, vocalize sting purify See also
, , See
To be innocent, pure, be blameless/free from guilt, be empty acquit, absolve leave unpunished avenge, retaliate, punish, take vengeance/revenge cleanse, clear, clean To drain, dry up swampland, empty puncture, pierce, stab bleed, let blood, hemorrhage See also , , To be weary of loathe, disgust, hate take vengeance hold, take, seize, grasp, reach out, procure, provide take measures/steps, adopt measures To take revenge, avenge, punish See To go around, move in a circle, rotate, surround, contain, enclose, encompass, complete a circuit, bring close together knock, beat, bang, tap, bruise, injure, strike (off), chop off, cut, destroy beat an olive tree, glean olives give/sell on credit/trust compare To crack open and penetrate [MC]
110
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , See
, , ,
111
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
, , ,
See also , , , To break/pull/tear down, destroy, smash, demolish, shatter, cut off See also
, , ,
112
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
113
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
Wherever possible, words prefixed with a have been listed under the letter .
114
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
115
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
116
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
117
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
118
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
119
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
120
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
121
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
122
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
123
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , ,
, , ,
124
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , ,
, , ,
, , ,
, , ,
125
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
126
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
To stand, arise, rise, set, place, erect resist, withstand, endure abide, establish, settle beget, produce appoint, ordain, maintain, prepare, ready, assist, help set up (printing pages), page, paginate delay, tarry, remain stop, halt, cease insist, persist, endure, continue, be consistent (liquids) curdle, sour be dull (blades) be about to To be faint, weaken, wane, abate darken, dim, dip (lights), dull, damp, obscure, be vague, overlook, disregard, be undecided/indistinct/ doubtful, hesitate, nod, consent without much anxiety quench (fire/light) overtop To work, labor, toil, take pains, be weary, trouble massage, knead, exercise, drill, teach gymnastics, train To starch See See See To close/shut ones eyes To deepen, think deeply, be profound/absorbed, ponder To bind sheaves, heap/pile up deal tyrannically, maltreat, ill-treat, treat harshly enslave, treat as a slave To load, carry a load, burden To join, add to confront, oppose, contrast To fasten, tie, put on a tie, bind tightly, put in a sling, tie a loop, intertwine To rattle, ring, clap
, ,
127
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , ,
128
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
129
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , See See
To uproot, tear or pluck/pull out, extract, undo, destroy, abolish, eradicate, castrate, mutilate, make barren/lame/sterile, sterilize move (house), remove hamstring, constrain, confine, cramp To make crooked, pervert, distort, twist, deform be obstinate/stubborn See also , , To mix (up/in), mix cement/concrete, whip up, churn, jumble, mingle, intermingle, make an Erub, assimilate, confuse, confound, trouble, interfere, involve, intervene, blend, muddle bargain, barter, exchange, be surety for guarantee, pledge, pawn, vouch for, bail bet, gamble, wage grow dark, draw toward evening Westernize make sweet, be pleasant/agreeable sift, sieve, separate be responsible See See See To long for, crave, yearn, pant prepare garden beds To roll metal/steel To crumble banish, expel, divorce To croak (frog) To pour out, decant, empty, lay bare, expose, denude, uncover, make naked, undress, strip, have sexual intercourse exterminate, eliminate, eradicate, annihilate, decimate transfuse (blood) intertwine, entangle, mix liquids spread oneself attach, join, connect take root See also
, , , ,
, , , , See
130
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , ,
See also , , , , To leave uncircumcised, sheathe, cover with skin be forbidden poison To pile/heap up, stack, set deliberately, be crafty/sly/cunning, plan, circumvent a law, get around, cheat, trick enlighten, inform expose, strip To mix dough, knead form an arbor connect, compact See also , , , , To swing in a hammock waddle, swagger, strut, toddle, sway, shuffle, wobble cross (one's legs) See also
, , , , See See
To decapitate, behead, break the neck, divide, cut drip, drop turn away change money To make foggy, befog, be vague, obscure swell To frighten, fear, terrify, dread, inspire awe venerate, admire deeply, worship, praise, adore To flee, desert, run away, defect gnaw, bite, chew, nibble To become bent/curved/twisted See also
, , , , See
131
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
132
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
133
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
, ,
, , ,
134
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
135
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
To paint ones eyes blue, use eye shadow To pacify, conciliate, appease, soothe, calm, propitiate, reconcile persuade, arbitrate, beg, pardon decide draw lots cause abdominal trouble penetrate squeeze, extract See To trickle, flow (forth), drip, ooze, bubble, gush, percolate
, ,
To make/grow/become sober, begin to see reason See See To crush, chew audibly, mash See To break, split, crack, gash throw down, drop, release insert, interlace, clasp uproot, pull up, deracinate See To roll (eyes), squint, goggle
136
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
137
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
See
138
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , , , , , , , ,
139
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , , ,
140
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
141
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
142
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , ,
143
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , ,
To twist, twine, string together gather deal tortuously, be crooked/cunning, pervert, curve wrestle, fight, struggle widen See also To move forward [MC] To surprise, amaze, alarm To break, smash, crumble, crush To dig/open a channel, divert water To solve, interpret, explain, be salved See
, , ,
144
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
145
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , , See
To represent, introduce, present, present to, play, perform, show set-up, stand, place, erect detain See To command, give an order, be bidden, appoint bequeath, bestow, leave institute To shout, wail, cry aloud/softly, herald, complain See To sink, dive, plunge, submerge, descend grow dark, cast a shadow , shade tingle, quiver, clang, ring, chime, sound, tinkle, (call on the) telephone settle, clear, clarify roast, barbecue, grill, broil See To put in a jar To adorn, embellish, ornament, decorate, preen oneself play/toy with
, ,
, ,
146
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
, , ,
, , ,
and
See
To laugh, smile, chuckle, giggle, grin play, jest, joke, ridicule, mock, laugh at, amuse, make sport of/with/merry, disparage See To whiten, shine To cite, quote, name, mention, refer to See To be arid, desert-like
147
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , ,
148
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
149
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , , See
150
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
151
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
See To make a cuckoo-like sound To curse, blaspheme, vilify place a dome over, put under a tent To pretend to be lame by putting on a wooden leg To receive, obtain, accept, take on a contract/lease, rent a field, adopt an opinion cry out, complain, accuse be opposite/corresponding with/to, counter parallel, meet, welcome contain, hold, enclose undertake, take on, assume compare To disgust, sicken, repulse, nauseate, upset To wedge/drive in (nails), insert, place, set precious stones fix, drive in, fasten, nail, make permanent, install, determine, appoint, establish, limit rob, despoil, deceive, spoil agree To assemble, group, add, gather (together), rally beg, collect, be beggarly, pauper-like, schnorr See To sabotage To bury, inter, lay to rest See To bow, bow down, stoop, bend, curtsy cut off, split breach, ream a hole, penetrate See also
, ,
152
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
153
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , , ,
, , ,
, , , ,
, , , , ,
154
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , , , , See , , , ,
To break/chop/nip/cut/lop off, truncate, crop, pluck, lop cover fire with ashes See also , , , , , To be small/unworthy/insignificant, reduce, lessen, diminish See also , , , , , To cripple, amputate, mutilate, make defective, cut off/through, chop/lop off, pierce be split up terminate, interrupt, conclude, cease be paragraphed See also , , , , , To pluck, clip, mutilate, pick (fruit/flowers), crop off form/moisten dough See also , , To make even, flatten, compress, squash
, , ,
To burn incense, smoke, fumigate, be perfumed/scented rise in circles bind, tie, fasten complain, bellyache, grumble, whine See also To cotter, fasten with a cotter See also To accuse, prosecute, charge, complain, denounce, incite to anger See
155
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
156
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
157
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
158
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , ,
159
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
160
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
161
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , ,
, , , , ,
, , ,
162
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , ,
See To make clods, lump earth To desire, covet, yearn for To agitate, excite, anger, enrage, rage, be perturbed/disquieted, fly into temper, vex, provoke, tease, annoy, quarrel, stir up, tremble, quake alarm not to speak to See also , , , , To slander, defame, malign explore, spy, be involved in espionage accustom, get used to, make familiar, habituate, practice, drill, train, exercise lead, teach to walk flay an animal from its feet upward calumniate, falsely accuse See also , To stone, pelt, shell, mortar bruise See also
, , ,
, , , ,
163
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , , , See
To rule, oppress, enslave, subdue, tyrannize, tread down, dominate, subjugate, prevail against, have dominion over, rule, incapacitate chastise, reprimand, punish flatten, stamp, beat, overlay with metal take/draw out (honey from hive, bread from oven), remove, roll out, unload dam, make passable be made shallow See also To fall/put asleep, anesthetize, be dormant/stupefied/senseless, narcotize To pursue, follow, hunt, seek after, drive away, chase, put to flight flow rapidly persecute, harass, badger See also See To boast, be haughty, embolden, declare great, act proudly acknowledge ones authority, submit to, pay homage, insist urge, press, importune, excite, exalt fear, confuse, confound dare, challenge, goad hasten, quicken, hurry To tremble, shudder, fear To furnish a house/room, lay rafters start a race, run To pawn, pledge, deposit
164
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , ,
165
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
166
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , ,
167
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
168
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
, ,
169
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
170
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
171
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
1. The reader should check both and words for definitions and derivatives as there may be some overlap between them. 2. For four-letter words beginning with a , drop the and look up the remaining three-letter Shoresh, e.g. for , check ;for , check ;for , check ;for , check , etc. unless a letter in the word repeats itself, such as in or in which case drop the doubled letter and check the Shoresh without it, e.g. and . 3. A number of words in the forms of -X- or X-- or X-- can be found under the form of X--.
172
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
173
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , , , ,
174
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
175
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
, ,
, ,
176
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
177
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
178
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
179
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
180
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, ,
181
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
182
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , , ,
183
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
,
184
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
185
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
186
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
, , ,
187
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
See
To uproot, extirpate, eradicate, exterminate strike root, implant, embed To concatenate, form ropes, chain/link together, hang down, dangle See See To strut To lead on, drag, move To give the sixth part, multiply/divide by six plunder [MC] To intermingle [MC] To drink, flow (gently), drip, lose blood, bleed, ooze found, establish, place, set, put, lay base appoint weave To rust, corrode, eat To plant, transplant, graft spread, branch out, proliferate To unseal, open, uncork, bore a hole close, enclose, stop/close/lock up, block, valve, fill a cavity, tap a cask, shut, terminate hide, conceal, obscure be silent leave unexplained, express vaguely/not clearly To urinate To be afraid/terrified, fear To join (in partnership), participate, associate, share, partake, get cooperation of To silence, quiet, calm (down), soothe, be still/dumb paralyze, numb, deaden, freeze, anesthetize To break out, burst open, destroy, upset, undo, loosen, unravel, tear down, void, cancel, disarrange refute, disprove, contradict hide (oneself), conceal, disappear See To exert power [MC]
188
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
Not listed are many four-letter Shoroshim beginning with the letter " "which can simply be found by dropping the prefix and looking up the remainder three letters, e.g. for check ;for , check ;for , check , etc.
189
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
190
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
191
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
192
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
193
SHOROSHIM
AN ENGLISH THESAURUS OF HEBREW ROOTS
"A RADICAL DICTIONARY"
194