PROCESSING ERRORS IN DENTURE MAKING

Varun menon p Third BDS

introduction

ERRORS MAY BE MADE AT ANY OF INDIVIDUAL TREATMENT PROCEDURE & ARE NOT APPARENT UNTIL DENTURE INSERTION THE IMPORTANCE OF EARLY RECOGNITON OF ERRORS CAN MEAN THE DIFFERENCE BTW SUCCESS & FAILURE FAILURE MAY RESULT IF ERRORS OF MAJOR MAGNITUDE ARE ALLOWED TO PASS UNNOTICED UNTIL DENTURE ARE INSERTED

Procedures involved

TRYIN LUTING OR WAX CONTOURING DISARTICULATION FLASKING DEWAXING ACRYLIZATION PROCESSING

Trial denture

TRIAL DENTURE:PREMILINARY ARRANGEMENT OF DENTURE TEETH THAT HAS BEEN PREAPARED FOR PLACEMENT INTO THE PATIENTS MOUTH TO EVALUATE ESTHETICS & MAXILLOMANDIBULAR RELATIONSHIPS {GPT} TRYIN: PROCESS OF PLACING A TRIAL DENTURE IN PATIENTS MOUTH FOR EVALUATION {GPT}

Procedure in tryin

CHECK THE OCCLUSAL VERTICAL DIMENSION CHECK THE ANTEROPOSTERIOR JAW RELATIONSHIP CHECK THE APPEARANCE CHECK THE OCCLUSAL PLANE

Tryin the lower denture by itself

Peripheral outline Extension Stability Tongue space Height of occlusal plane

Tryin the upper denture by itself

Peripheral outline Stability Retention

Both dentures together

Position of occlusion - horizontal relation -Vertical height Evenness of occlusal contact -Appearance -Centerline -Shape of teeth -Size -Profile & lip form -Approval by the patient

Luting & wax contouring

CONTOUR WAX CAREFULLY TO PREVENT MOVT OF THE TEETH AVOID BULKY WAX-UP ADDITIONAL BULK OF ACRYLIC RESIN CONTRIBUTE TO POROSITY & DIMENSIONAL ERROR IT SHOULD BE SMOOTH & THERE SHOULD BE NO UNDERCUTS

Flasking

IT IS THE PROCESS OF INVESTING THE CAST & A WAX REPLICA OF THE DESIRED FORM IN A FLASK PREPARATORY TO MOLDING THE RESTORATIVE MATERIAL INTO THE DESIRED PRODUCT PARTS OF FLASK: TRIANGULAR BASE COUNTER OR BODY LID

During flasking

INCOMPLETE FLASK CLOSURE TOOTH MOVT WHEN FLASKING & PACKING REMOVE ANY UNDERCUTS IN THE INVESTMENT IT PREVENTS SEPERATION OF THE FLASKS AFTER BOILING

Dewaxing

DEWAXING DONE TO REMOVE THE WAX PATTERN SO THAT A MOLD SPACE IS CREATED FOR ACRYLIC RESIN TO FILL IN REMOVE ALL WAX RESIDUE ACRYLIC RESIN WILL NOT ADHERE TO SURFACE COATED WITH WAX WHILE APPLICATION OF THE SEPARATING MEDIUM COATING THE MEDIUM OVER THE TEETH PREVENTS BONDING OF TEETH WITH THE DENTURE BASE

Acrylization

PROCEDURE INVOLVED: APPLICATION OF SEPERATING MEDIUM MIXING OF MONOMER & POLYMER PACKING BENCH CURING POLYMERIZATION CYCLE

While applying separating medium

SHOULD NOT BE APPLIED ON ACRYLIC RESIN TEETH INTERFERS WITH CHEMICAL BONDING BTWEEN ACRYLIC RESIN & DENTURE BASE RESIN SHOULD BE APPLIED UNIFORMLY

While mixing monomer & polymer

POLYMER TO MONOMER RATIO 3:1 BY VOL 2:1 BY WT TOO MUCH MONOMER:GREATER CURING OR POLYMERIZATION SHRINKAGE MORE TIME REQ TO REACH PACKING CONSISTENCY POROSITY CAN OCCUR IN THE DENTURE

contd

TOO LITTLE MONOMER:NOT ALL THE POLYMER BEADS WILL BE WETTED BY MONOMER & CURED ACRYLIC RESIN WILL BE GRANULAR DOUGH WILLL BE DIFFICULT TO MANAGE IDEAL:RATIO OF 3:1 VOL PROVIDES SUFFICIENT MONOMER TO WET THE POLYMER PARTICLE & DOES NOT CONTRIBUTE TO EXCESS MONOMER THUS REDUCING POLYMERIZATION SHRINKAGE

While packing

PLACEMENT & ADAPTATION OF DENTURE BASE RESIN WITHIN MOLD CAVITY OVER PACKING:- DENTURE BASE OF EXCESSIVE THICKNESS RESULTING IN MALPOSITIONING OF TEETH UNDERPACKING:-POROSITY PACKING PROCESS PERFORMED WHEN DENTURE BASE RESIN IS DOUGH LIKE STATE

Packing contd

EARLY PACKING:- IN SANDY OR SRINGY STAGELOW VISCOSITY MATERIAL WILL FLOW OUT OF FLASK EASILY RESULT IN POROSITY LATE PACKING:- IN RUBBERY OR STIFF STAGE MATERIAL TOO VISCOUS RESULT IN MOVT OR FRACTURE OF TEETH LOSS OF DETAIL & INCREASE VERTICAL HEIGHT OF THE DENTURE

While bench curing

PURPOSE OF BENCH CURING: EQUALAIZATION OF PRESSURE THROUGH OUT THE MOLD ALLOWS TIME FOR MORE UNIFORM DISPERSION OF MONOMER THROUGH THE MASS OF DOUGH LONGER EXPOSURE OF RESIN TEETH TO THE MONOMER IN THE DOUGH BETTER BONDING

While polymerization cycle

1.

2.

3.

ONE TECH INVOLVES PROCESSING OF DENTURE BASE RESIN IN A CONST TEMP WATERBATH AT 74 DEG CELSIUSFOR 8 Hr OR LONGER WITH NO TERMINAL BOILING TREATMEANT SEC TECH CONSIST OF PROCESSING IN A 74 DEG CELSIUS WATERBATH FOR 8 Hr & THEN INCREASING THE TEMP TO 100 DEG CELSIUS FOR 1 Hr THIRD TECH PROCESSING OF RESIN AT 74 DEG CELSIUS FOR 2 Hr & INCREASING THE OF WATER BATH TO 100 DEG CLESUIS & PROCESSING FOR 1 Hr

Porosity

INTERNAL POROSITY:- POLYMERIZATION PROCEDURE IS EXOTHERMIC IF TEMP OF RESIN EXCEEDS THE BOILING POINT OF UNREACTED MONOMER OR LOW MOL WT POLYMERS THESE COMPONENTS BOIL RESULTING IN POROSITY THICKER PORTIONS OF DENTURE MORE PRONE TO POROSITY RESULTS FROM VAPORIZATION OF UNREACTED MONOMER& LOW MOL WT POLYMERS POROSITY DUE TO INADEQUATE MIXING OF POWDER & LIQUID LOCALIZED SHRINKAGE VOIDS

Porosity contd

THIRD TYPE OF POROSITY CAUSED BY INADEQUATE PRESSURE OR INSUFFICIENT MATERIAL IN MOLD DURING POLYMERIZATION VOIDS IRREGULAR SHAPE RESIN LIGHTER & MORE OPAQUE FINAL TYPE OF POROSITY CAUSED BY AIR INCLUSION INCORPORATED DURING MIXING & PROCESSING PROCEDURE

Deflasking

THE CURED ACRYLIC DENTURE IS RETRIEVED FROM THE FLASK FLASK SHOULD BE COOLED SLOWLY TO ROOM TEMPERATURE RAPID COOLING RESULTS IN WARPING OF DENTURE BECAUSE OF DIFFERENCE IN THERMAL CONTRACTION OF RESIN & INVESTING STONES SHOULD BE DONE WITH GREAT CARE TO AVOID FLEXING& BREAKING OF THE ACRYLIC

Processed denture
WARPAGE

CRAZING
WATER

ABSORPTION PROCESSING STRESESS

Denture warpage

IT IS THE DEFORMITY OR CHANGE OF SHAPE OF THE DENTURE WHICH CAN AFFECT THE FIT OF THE DENTURE CAUSED BY THE RELASE OF STRESSES INCORPORATED DURING PROCESSING STRESSES OCCUR AS A RESULT OF:CURING SHRINKAGE UNEVEN OR RAPID COOLING PACKING OF RESIN DURING RUBBERY STAGE CAN ALSO INDUCE STRESS STRESESS INCORPORATED DURING IMPROPER FLASKING

Warpage contd

THESE STRESESS RELEASED SUBSEQUENTLY: DURING POLISHING A RISE IN TEMPERATURE CAN CAUSE WARPAGE IMMERSION OF DENTURE IN HOTWATER RECURING OF DENTURE AFTER ADDITION OF RELINING MATERIAL

STRESS RELAXATION MAY PRODUCE SMALL SURFACE FLOWS THAT CAN ADVERSELY AFFECT THE AESTHETIC & PHYSICAL PROPERTY OF A DENTURE PRODUCTION OF SUCH SURFACE FLOWS OR MICROCRACKS IS TERMED CRAZING IMPARTS A HAZY OR A FOGY APPEARANCE SURFACE CRAKS PREDISPOSE A DENTURE RESIN TO FRACTURE CRAZING RESULTS FROM:-STRESS APPLICATION -PARTIAL DISSOLUTION OF RESIN -PRODUCED BY MECHANICAL SEPERATION OF INDIVIDUAL POLYMERCHAIN ON APPLICATION OF TENSILE STRESS

Crazing

Water absorption

POLYMETHYMETHACRYLATE ABSORBS SMALL AMOUNTS OF WATER WHEN PLACED IN AQUEOUS MEDIUM SIGNIFICANT EFFECT ON MECHANICAL & DIMENSIONAL PROPERTY OF THE POLYMERS PRODUCE 2 IMP EFFECTS:-SLIGHT EXPANSION OF THE POLYMERIZED MASS -INTERFERS WITH THE ENTANGELMENT OF POLYMER CHAINS & ACT AS PLASTCIZERS POLYMER CHAINS BECOME MOBILE PERMITS RELAXATION OF STRESESS INCURED DURING POLYMERIZATION SHAPE CHANGE

Finishing & polishing

OVER TRIMMING OF THE DENTURE

NO ADEQUATE RETENTION OF THE DENTURE TRIMMING & POLISHING OF THE TISSUE SURFACE LEADING TO IRRITATION SHARP MARGINS LEAD TO TRAUMA

bibliography

Philips science of dental material by Anusavice 11th edition Prsothodontic treatment for edentulous patients by Zarb-bolender 12th edition Syllabus of complete dentures by Charles M Heartwell 4th edition Text book of complete denture prosthodontics by Winkler 2nd edition Clinical dental prosthetics A.Roy Macgregor 3rd edition Complete denture prosthetics by Neil