System Administrator: Duties and Functions

Many organizations use a three tier computer support staff

solution, with tier one - IT help desk personnel handling the initial
calls, tier 2 (technicians and pc repair analysts) and tier three
(system administrators). Most of those organizations follow a fixed
staffing ratio, and being a system administrator is either the top
job, or next to top job, within the computer support department.

System administrators are responsible for making sure computer

hardware and the network infrastructure itself is maintained
properly for an IT organization. They look after various functions
right from pc repair, basic computer support and sometimes
computer help as well. They are deeply involved in the
procurement of new hardware (does it meet existing
standardization requirements? Does it do the job required?) rolling
out new software installs, maintaining the disk images for new
computer installs (usually by having a standardized OS and
application install), making sure that licenses are paid for and up
to date for software that need it, maintaining the standards for
server installations and applications, and monitoring the
performance of the network, checking for security breaches, poor
data management practices and more.
Most system administrator positions require a breadth of technical
knowledge on the computer support front and the ability to learn
the ins and outs of new networking and server software packages
quickly. While designing and architecting a network is usually the
job of a network engineer, many organizations roll that function
into a network administrator position as well; day to day and
month to month "Is it up?" jobs fall on the shoulders of the system
or network administrators.

Trouble tickets work their way through the computer help desk,
then through analyst level support for pc repair, before hitting the
system administrator level; as a result, in their day-to-day
operations, they should not be dealing directly with end users as
a routine function. Most of their jobs should be on scheduling and
implementing routine maintenance tasks, computer repair,
updating disaster prevention programs, making sure that network
backups are run and doing test restores to make sure that those
restores are sound.

Other jobs include fighting for the IT budget and setting

standardized installs packages up so that all end user desktops
are identical. This enables the system administrators to perform
computer repair in an efficient manner. While the system
administrator probably isn't doing the installs on new computers,
he is likely to be the one in charge of setting up what gets
installed, and setting user access policies, as well as evaluating
the purchase of new equipment to replace older gear that has
been deployed. Similar decisions are made regarding software
packages (both for computer support and server services levels)
and networking hardware.