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List of formulae 1. 3. 5. 7. 9.
n x dx

INTEGRATION

x n +1 +c n +1

2. 3. 6.

dx = ex + c

k dx

= kx + c

x dx

= log x + c

sin x dx = cos x + c sec2x dx = tan x + c sec x tan x dx = sec x + c

11. 13. 15. 17. 19. 21. 23. 25. 26. 27.

dx 1- x dx
2

cos x dx = sin x + c 8. cosec x dx = cot x + c 10. cosec x cot x dx = cosec x + c

2

= sin-1x + c = sec1x + c

12. 14. 16.

1 + x

dx

= tan-1x + c

x 2 1

tan x dx = log (sec x) + c sec x dx = log(sec x + tan x) + c 18.

2

cot x dx = log(sin x) + c

cosec x dx = log (cosec x + cot x) + c

x = sin -1 + c a a -x dx dx
2 2

logx dx = x logx x + c

20. +c 22. 24.

dx 1 x = tan1 + c 2 a +x a
dx
2 2

x +a
2

= log

x + x2 + a2

x a
2

= log

x + x2 a2

+c

dx 1 a +x = log +c 2 a-x 2a x
a 2 - x 2 dx =

28. Integration by parts

x x a2 sin -1 + c a2 - x2 + 2 2 a 2 x a a log x + x +c x 2 - a 2 dx = x2 - a2 2 2 x a2 log x + x +a + c x 2 + a 2 dx = x2 +a2 + 2 2

2 2 2 2

dx 1 x -a = log +c 2 x +a 2a a

If we take f(x) as the first function and g(x) as the second function, using the order of ILATE then f(x) g(x) dx = f(x) g(x) dx - f ' (x) g(x) dx dx

Remark 1. To integrate the second and third powers of sine and cosine of angles use the following formulae

1 cos 2 x 2 3 sin x sin 3 x 3. sin3x = 4

1. Sin2 x =

1 + cos 2 x 2 3 cos x + cos 3 x 4. cos3 x = 4

2. cos2 x =

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Remark 2 To integrate the products of sine and cosine of angles use the following formulae

1 [sin(A+B) + sin (AB)] 2 1 2. cos A sin B = [sin(A+B) sin (AB)] 2 1 3. cos A cos B = [cos(A+B) + cos (AB)] 2 1 4. sin A sin B = [cos(AB) cos (A+B)] 2 2 2x 2x 1 1 x -1 cos sin 1 tan 1 = 2 = 2 2 = 2 tan x 1 + x 1 + x 1 x
1. sin A cos B = Types of Integrals 1. 3.

f(x)

f' (x)

dx = log|f(x)| + c

2.

f' (x) dx =2 f(x)

f(x) + c

[f(x)]n f(x) dx =

1 [f(x)]n + +c n+ 1

Integration of type

1 1 and a + b sin x a + b cos x

x 2 tan 2

Since sin x =

1 + tan 2

x 2

and cos x =

1 tan 2 1 + tan 2
2t 1+ t 2

x 2 x 2

Take t = tan (x/2) dx =

sin x=

and x = 2 tan-1t

2dt 1+ t 2

and then substitute in the given integral

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