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CHAPTER 2 BODY SYSTEMS MARK SCHEME Question Multiple Choice 1 - Respiratory 2 - Circulatory 3 - Muscular 4 - Skeletal TOTAL % GRADE Marks Available 5 8 10 10 7 40 Marks gained

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Multiple Choice Questions.

Answer ALL questions For each question choose an answer A, B, C, D and put a cross in the box. Mark only one answer for each question. If you change your mind about an answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new answer with a cross. a) Which of the following is not a key part of the respiratory system? A B C D Heart Lungs Bronchi Trachea

b) A tendon is a type of connective tissue which joins which two things together? A B C D Muscle to muscle Cartilage to ligaments Muscle to bone Bone to bone

c) Which of the following is not a waste product of respiration? A B C D Carbon dioxide Lactic Acid Oxygen Water

d) Which of the following is the correct definition for your pulse? A B C D The rate per minute at which you breath The rate per minute at which your heart beats The amount of blood pumped out of your heart per minute The amount of blood pumped out of your heart per beat

e) Which of the following is the main artery which pumps blood out of the heart? A B C D The aorta The vena cavae The left ventricle The right atrium

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1a) Describe what happens to the diaphragm during inspiration and expiration. (2)

Flattens when it contracts Rises up in a curve when it relaxes

1b) Complete the formula below showing the process of aerobic respiration. (2) Glucose + oxygen >>> energy + CO2 + water 1c) Identify one appropriate sporting example where you may use predominantly your aerobic respiratory system, and describe why this is suitable for you chosen sport. (2)

Long distance running efficient use of oxygen over an extended period of time
1d) Describe two short term effects of exercise on the respiratory system. (2)

Increased rate of breathing Increased depth of breathing

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2a) Explain one of the main functions of the circulatory system. (2)

Pump blood around the body/containing oxygen for the working muscles.
2b) Identify one short term and one long term effect of exercise on the heart. (2) Short term effect: ..

Increased heart rate Increased stroke volume (blood per beat) Increased cardiac output (blood per minute)
Long term effect: ..

Stronger heart More efficient Lower resting heart rate

2c) Explain the role of the heart in pumping blood around the body. (4)

Heart acts as a double pump system, sending deoxygenated blood to the lungs before then sending oxygenated blood around the body to the working muscles.

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2d) Explain how the body uses blood to prevent overheating during exercise. (2)

Blood absorbs heat around the body and sends it to the surface of the skin where it can be released through sweat cooling the body down. . .

3a) Identify one of the unique features of cardiac muscle. (1)

Works continuously without fatigue (tiring) Only found in the heart

3b) Identify one of the places where involuntary (smooth) muscles can be found in the body. (1)

Blood vessels, intestines

3c) Describe two key differences between fast twitch and slow twitch muscle fibres. (2)

Fast twitch are powerful, slow twitch are weaker

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Fast twitch tire easily, slow twitch use oxygen more efficiently and last longer.
3d) Using a sporting example, describe how isometric muscle contractions take place. (2)

In a rugby scrum- players are using muscles to push against each other but there is no change in muscle length. .
3e) Complete the following table identifying the key features of movement when bringing your leg forward to kick a football. (4)

Agonist Antagonist Type of joint Type of movement

Quadriceps Hamstrings Hinge Extension

4a) Identify one example of a long bone. (1)

Femur, tibia, fibula, radius, ulna.

4b) Which type of joint would you find in your shoulder? (1)

Ball and socket

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4c) In which part of the body would you find your metatarsals? (1)

Foot
4d) Complete the following table identifying the correct type of movement from each description. (4)

Description Straightening the leg Bringing arms towards body Circular motion of the arm Bending the leg

Type of Movement Extension Adduction Rotation Flexion