PRESENTATION ON TURBINE AND GONERNOR

By U.J.C.M.DAYARATHNE

BASIC IDEA OF STEAM TURBINE

STEAM TURBINE IS A MECHANICAL DEVICE . THERMAL ENERGY IS CONVERTED IN TO MECHANICAL ENERGY.

Heat energy COAL BOILER Pressure energy TURBINE Mechanical energy

Chemical energy

Electrical energy
GENERATOR SUPPY TO THE GRID

RANKINE CYCLE
-The basic cycle for the steam turbine power plant is the Rankine cycle. The modern Power plant uses the Rankine cycle modified to include superheating, regenerative feed water heating & reheating.
PROCESS A-B: PROCESS B-C: ISENTROPIC/ADIABATIC COMPRESSION PROCESS FEED WATER TO BOILER IS PRESSURIED TO BOILER CONSTANT PRESSURE PROCESS FEED WATER HEATED UPTO SATURATION TEMP T1 CALLED SENSIBLE HEATING POINT C IS INTERMEDIATE POINT OF STEAM GENERATION CONSTANT PRESSURE & TEMPERATURE PROCESS FEED WATER IS VAPOURISED CALLED LANTENT HEAT OF VAPOURISATION POINT D IS STEAM IS DRY & SATURATED. ISENTROPIC/ADIABATIC EXPANSION PROCESS EXPANSION OF STEAM TO VACCUM CONSTANT PRESSURE & TEMPERATURE PROCESS REJECTION OF HEAT TO CONDENSOR TO CONDENSE THE STEAM. AT POINT D, STEAM IS DRY & SATURATED.

RANKINE CYCLE
D'

PROCESS C-D:

TEMPERATURE, T

B A

WORK DONE

E
HEAT REJECTED

E'

PROCESS D-E: PROCESS E-A:

ENTROPY, S

BASIC IDEA OF GOVERNOR

Governors serve three basic purposes:

Maintain a speed selected by the operator which is within the range of the governor. Prevent over-speed which may cause engine damage. Limit both high and low speeds.

How does it work?

If

the load is removed on an operating engine, the governor immediately closes the throttle. the engine load is increased, the throttle will be opened to prevent engine speed form being reduced.

If

Types of Governor
1. Mechanical Governor 2. Hydraulic Governor 3. Combination of mechanical & Hydraulic 4. Pneumatic Governor 5. Electronic Governor

Thank You..