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CONTENT
MULTIPLE ACCESS TDMA FDMA OFDMA CDMA Problems associated with current MA schemes Interleave Division Multiple Access Mechanism of Interleaving process IDMA transmitter and receiver Types of Interleavers in IDMA scheme Advantages of IDMA scheme Comparison of Different MA Schemes Conclusion Future Aspects
MULTIPLE ACCESS
Multiple access schemes to allow many users to share simultaneously a finite amount of radio spectrum resources i.e. band.
In this technique the bandwidth is divided into a number of Channels and distributed among users with a finite portion of bandwidth for permanent use.
The spacing between carriers are such that they are orthogonal to one another.
Users occupy the same bandwidth in same time slot, however they are all assigned separate codes.
The demand for high data rate services increasing day by day. Sensitivity to inter-symbol interference and frame synchronization is required in orthogonal schemes. Though CDMA mitigates inter-symbol interference and supports asynchronous transmission, but the problem is of intra-cell interference. CDMA is only suitable for slow-speed continuoustime transmission In CDMA scheme rate change for one user affects whole cell-wise code-assignment plan.
IDMA scheme relies on interleaving which means to distinguish the signal from different users. In Interleaving mechanism the input data rearranges itself such that consecutive data bits are split among different blocks and is swapped in a known pattern amongst them. At the receiver end, the interleaved data is arranged back into the original sequence with the help of de-interleaver.
Random Interleaver
Prime Interleaver
Random Interleaver
Random interleavers scramble the data of different users with different pattern. Patterns of scrambling the data of users are generated arbitrarily.
In master random interleavers or powerinterleaver method, a master interleaver pattern F is assigned. Then K (K is an integer) interleavers can be generated using k = k.
The mechanism of Tree Based user-specific interleaver generation is based on two master interleavers, which are randomly selected.
This minimizes the computational complexity and memory requirement that occur in power interleaver and random interleaver, respectively.
Prime Interleaver
Prime numbers are used as seed of interleaver. Here, user-specific seeds are assigned to different users.
The Prime Interleaver is basically aimed to minimize the bandwidth and memory requirement that occur in other available interleavers with the improvement in bit error rate (BER)performance.
IDMA scheme overcome the correlated channel noise such as burst error or fading. IDMA scheme has high spectral efficiency, improved performance and low receiver complexity. Allows a very simple chip by chip iterative multiuser detection.
Parameters
CDMA
IDMA
Time slot
Frequency
Interleaver
Synchronizati on required
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
Conclusion
It has been observed that where CDMA was suffering from ISI and fading problems, the IDMA scheme makes the communication system immune up-to a great extent from such degradations.
Future aspects
The performance of IDMA can be further improved by the implementation of orthogonal frequency along with the IDMA. In OFDM-IDMA, there is the addition of inverse FFT in Transmitter and FFT operation at receiver. With the implementation of OFDM-IDMA the MUD can be realized efficiently.
References
Yi Hong, Member, IEEE, and Lars K. Rasmussen, Senior Member, IEEE, Iterative Switched Decoding for Interleave-Division Multiple-Access Systems. Li Ping, Member, IEEE, Lihai Liu, Student, IEEE, Keying Wu, Student, IEEE, and W. K. Leung ,Interleave-Division MultipleAccess. Li Ping, City University of Hong Kong, Interleave-Division Multiple Access and Chip-by-Chip Iterative Multi-User Detection. Manoj Kumar Shukla, Associate professor, HBTI, KANPUR, Performance Evaluation of IDMA Scheme in Wireless Communication.
Thank-You