PRECAUTION STEPS PCR & RFLP 1. Maintain separate areas for assay setup and handling of nucleic acids.

2. During sample extraction, the likelihood of cross-contamination is high.When performing the sample extraction manually, one should change tips in between samples, as well as when adding wash buffer to the samples 3. Wear a clean lab coat and powder-free disposable gloves when setting up assays. 4. Change gloves between samples and whenever you suspect they may be contaminated. 5. Keep reagent and reaction tubes capped or covered as much as possible. 6. Specimens not kept at 2-4C (4 days) or frozen at -70C or below LIMITATIONS 1. Analysts should be trained and familiar with testing procedures and interpretation of results prior to performing the assay. 2. A false negative result may occur if inadequate numbers of organisms are present in the specimen due to improper collection, transport or handling. 3. A false negative result may occur if an excess of DNA/RNA template is present in the in the reaction. ELECTROPHORESIS 1. Read and follow manufacturers instructions for electrophoresis equipment. 2. Inspect to ensure all switches and indicators are in proper working condition and that power cords and leads are undamaged and properly insulated. 3. Dont run equipment unattended 4. Turn off main power supply before connecting or disconnecting electrical leads. 5. Measure, mix and handle all hazardous powdered chemicals or gel prep mixtures with hazardous components (e.g., acrylamide monomer) in the fume hood. 6. Wear lab coat with fully extended sleeves, splash goggles, nitrile gloves (latex is not effective), pants, and closed-toe shoes. Wear appropriate skin and eye protection for UV radiation work Kim Boon(ADD ON) 1. PCR -Use tissue paper when opening the samples to avoid the formation of aerosols. 2. Electrophoresis- Dispose of chemicals and gels as hazardous waste. Collect in non-leaking container with a hazardous waste tag.