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Summary of the Project: Project emphasizes that how the plagiarism evolved with the view of historical Perspective. Work has given clear transperant notes about the plagiarism role in modern scenario. Notes from the different sources and different cases on plagiarism created the awareness about the plagiarism problem across globe. Project reveals the findings and reasons why the people plagiarise. This project creates fully aware of the concept of plagiarism, complies fully with good academic writing practices and referencing. Makes the reader to follow the ethical values in drafting the research work and to create the awareness of plagiarism consequences.

Scope of the project:This report is based on research and innovative study on approach to overcome the plagiarism issues and protecting the ones own creative work, not being plagiarized. The aims of the project are To make the readers to know about the importance of literary works To create the awareness of Plagiarism problem with current issues and case laws. To investigate students, understanding the plagiarism and its impact on academic integrity To create awareness about the legal problems of Plagiarism. How to avoid the material work being plagiarized To investigate and identify effective strategies to overcome the factors that cause plagiarism. To create much ethical values among the people not to plagiarise and to produce the genuine literary works of their own creativity.

CHAPTER-1 Introduction

Of all animals, only human beings have capacity to create property by making use their intelligence. Thus, any property created by human being out of his intellect can be said to be Intellectual property . It covers Literary works(Copy Right law), Designs, Trade Marks, Patents etc. Copy Right law plays a very paramount role in subject of Intellectual property. The writings of author and authorship plays very vital role in area of literary works. The intellectual Property law has evolved with new stream of copy right law provisions to protect literary works from being get plagiarized. 1.1 Literary Works:Literary work is a non audiovisual work which is expressed verbally, numerically, or in other symbols, such as words or musical notations. Literary work is embodied in some types of physical objects. Literary works are included in one of the eight general categories that are eligible for copy right protection. The expression literary work is not confined to works of literature in the commonly understood sense, however it covers a work which is expressed in print and writing, irrespective of the question whether the quality or style is high. The word Literary is used in sense somewhat similar to the use of the word literature which refers to written and printed matter.1 According to 17 US CS(United States Code Services) 101-Literary works are works, other than audio visual works, expressed in words, numbers, or other verbal or numerical symbols or indicia, regardless of the nature of material objects, such as books, periodicals, manuscripts.2 Under section 13 of the copy right act,1957 copy right subsists in original, literary, dramatic, musical and artistic works, cinematographic films and sound recordings. Section 2 Clause O provides an exclusive definition of literary works, stating that the term includes computer programs, tables and compilations, including computer databases, but it does not set down which works or deemed to be literary. But must be taken to include all works expressed in writing, no

Literary works-Intellectual Propery-I (2009)(reissue) Halsburys Laws of India p.g no: -185.022

Copy Right Act and United States Code Services. (Google)sec 13 [ oct 11 th 2012], U.s legal.com http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=us%20legal.com%20uscs&source=web&cd=6&cad=rja&ved=0CEcQFj AF&url=http%3A%2F%2Fguides.uflib.ufl.edu%2Fcontent.php%3Fpid%3D44432%26sid%3D774220&ei=6ejUMbEHciRiQep24DYCA&usg=AFQjCNHcsogbDpZQ24fSthyNTjDyMitgmA

matter whether they have literary merit. Thus, the definition is not exhaustive and all literary works satisfying the criterion of the originality are entitled to protection under the act.3

1.2 What is an Authorship.. In order to fully understand plagiarism, it is important to first understand the concept of authorship. But what is it ? Authorship refers to the production and ownership of ideas and intellectual material, such as books, articles, images, etc. Authorship in relation to work ,means the person who creates it. In case of literary work, the author is to be taken to be the person by whom the arrangements necessary for the cration of the work are undertaken. A mere copyist or person to whom words are dictated for the purposes of being written down is not an author, but a translator from one language into another or a reporter of legal decisions or of a speech is an author.4 The higher education system in the UK places great importance on recognizing the producer and owner of material. Whereas in some cultures knowledge is thought of as communal property, in the United Kingdom it is considered to be individual property. Therefore, improper or incomplete acknowledgement of a source of information is treated as intellectual theft. The proper name for this is plagiarism. The concept of authorship has an impact on all of your academic work, not just the way you are expected to apply referencing conventions. At University, you will be encouraged to develop your own ideas and construct your own knowledge, using established knowledge as a as a foundation. You will be encouraged to find your voice, which means developing your own unique academic writing style - your authorial voice.5 1.3 What is Plagiarism.? Let me start with a simple definition: Plagiarism is using other peoples ideas and words without acknowledgement. In other simple lay man words, it is nothing but the person who is plagiarizing is stealing intellectual property that right fully belongs to someone else and passing it off as his or her own. Yes it is bad as that.!.

Copy Right Act, Halsburys Laws of India -4th edition-2006-reissue. P.g no:-35 Author ship-Halsburys Laws of India-4th edition-2006-reissue. P.g no:-90

Authorship- Plagiarism and how to avoid it- University of Essex- www.esse.ac.uk.plagiarism (oct 12th 2012) http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=plagiarism%20and%20how%20to%20avoid%20it%20university%20of %20essex&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&ved=0CCkQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.essex.ac.uk%2Fmyskills %2FPlagiarism_and_how_to_avoid_it.pdf&ei=B-CjUOTOKOaViAf5y4DADQ&usg=AFQjCNEiLUvrBmfqvjkBCNmNqyKXGup1g

Plagiarism6 is the act of taking another person's writing, conversation, song, or even idea and passing it off as your own. This includes information from web pages, books, songs, television shows, email messages, interviews, articles, artworks or any other medium. Whenever you paraphrase, summarize, or take words, phrases, or sentences from another person's work, it is necessary to indicate the source of the information within your paper using an internal citation. It is not enough to just list the source in a bibliography at the end of your paper. Failing to properly quote, cite or acknowledge someone else's words or ideas with an internal citation is plagiarism.6 According to the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, to "plagiarize" means7 to steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as one's own to use (another's production) without crediting the source to commit literary theft to present as new and original an idea or product derived from an existing source

In other words, plagiarism is an act of fraud. It involves both stealing someone else's work and lying about it afterward. 1.4 Moral Rights:The whole concept of plagiarism runs in protecting the moral rights of authors. So what is Moral Right.? In general sense, moral right is nothing but a franchise which is morally right. Moral right is nothing but which is associated to the quality of being in accord with standards of right or good conduct. Moral rights are rights of creators of copyrighted works generally recognized in civil law jurisdictions and, to a lesser extent, in some common law jurisdictions. They include the right of attribution, the right to have a work published anonymously or pseudonymously, and the right to the integrity of the work. The preserving of the integrity of the work bars the work from
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Plagiarism.org (plagiarism today) (google) oct 13 th 2012. http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=plagiarism&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&sqi=2&ved=0CCoQFjAB&u rl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.plagiarism.org%2F&ei=zdjUK6UFM73mAWyzYAI&usg=AFQjCNGEU5ICeBhKPWFnAIiYbMxqVuRi4Q

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Merrian- Webster Online Dictionary .(meaning of Plagiarism) oct 16 th 2012. http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=plagiarism%20merriam%20webster's%20dictionary%20definition&sou rce=web&cd=3&cad=rja&sqi=2&ved=0CCsQFjAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scanmyessay.com%2Fplagiarism %2Fwhat-isplagiarism.php&ei=sOCjUNmbMIGhigebk4CAAQ&usg=AFQjCNFmEkJgh0FBJNyAbpm5ibwmehIgXg

alteration, distortion, or mutilation. Anything else that may detract from the artist's relationship with the work even after it leaves the artist's possession or ownership may bring these moral rights into play. Moral rights are distinct from any economic rights tied to copyrights. Even if an artist has assigned his or her copyright rights to a work to a third party, he or she still maintains the moral rights to the work.8 The basic moral right of any author is Right to be identified as a performer. Moral Rights Infringment:Moral rights infringement is when you have not been properly named or credited when your work is used. If someone has treated your work in a way that hurts your reputation, this is called derogatory treatment. Moral rights also require that your work is not treated in any way that hurts your reputation. This is called right of integrity.9

Moral rights-Halsburys Laws of England-4 edition-2006 reissue-para 722 p.g no 486

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Moral rights infringement- Arts Law Centre of Australia- www.artslaw.com Nov 14 2012 http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=www.artslaw.com.au&source=web&cd=9&cad=rja&sqi=2&ved=0CEU QFjAI&url=http%3A%2F%2Farts.gov.au%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fpdfs%2FArts_Law_Centre_of_Australi a.pdf&ei=N-SjUMXWN6uQiQehvID4CQ&usg=AFQjCNF9NFfnaAKIOgJLkXcagl4O6trKng

CHAPTER-2 Idea on Plagiarism 2.1 View of Plagiarism from Historical Prespective: The Plagiarism is not a new phenomenon. The plagiarism was first identifiedas a problem in society, it occurred only after the printing press and publications were developed. The idea at that time was not to protect the author (as it is today), but to restrict competition among the many publishers then located in or around London. Cultural history, however, also had an important impact on the use of plagiarized materials. This cannot be more evident than when Haidu, in 1997, made the important observation that plagiarism is more than merely copying another person's art or writing, it also eliminates the need for further development of ideas and perceptions among artists, writers and other similar professions10 2.2 Types of Plagiarism:Essentially, there are three basic forms of plagiarism, according to the Office of Research Integrity: (centre for academic integrity): it is plagiarizing if one

(1) Lifting the words right from the text verbatim without providing the appropriate sources. (2) Paraphrasing the words within a published document without gibing appropriate sources. (3) Summarizing the ideas without providing credit to the author of the original text. (4) Copying someone elses work as if it were his/her own (5) Copying any section of someone elses work but change the odd word or phrase. (6) Submit written work produced collaboratively

2.3 What is Incremental Plagiarism:Incremental plagiarism in a basic sense, is when a source is failed to be cited in only an area of work. For example if you write a speech and quote a famous speaker, but fail to cite the source/speaker.11

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History- A Very Brief History of Plagirism- Johnmacky blogspot.com Nov 14th 2012. http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=brief%20history%20about%20plagiarism&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja &ved=0CCkQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjohnmckay.blogspot.com%2F2009%2F03%2Fvery-brief-history-ofplagiarism.html&ei=quSjUJPoMqXriAfBoIGoBQ&usg=AFQjCNHAgYv3t4azNQzmIp4lm5ws3iNIGA
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Incremental plagiarism- wiki.answers.com- Nov 14 2012 (google.com) http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=what%20is%20incremental%20plagiarism%3F&source=web&cd=2&ca

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2.4 Duplication Of Course Work( Self-Plagiarism):person is not allowed to submit the same piece of work for more than one unit of assessment in hisprogramme of study, nor are persons allowed to submit for assessment work submitted at another institution. This is not 'plagiarism' by the definition above, but it is academic misconduct nonetheless. Each piece of writing submitted for assessment should be a substantially original piece of work produced specifically for that unit of assessment. It may occasionally be appropriate to have quite similar short passages in separate pieces of assessment, conveying more general or background points the two pieces have in common, in which case the student should do their best to rephrase the material, and limit any verbatim passages to a few sentences (no more than 100 words). Apart from this, writer should avoid any duplication of previously submitted coursework. For any act of work an Internal Citation is necessary. But there is an equal exemption of Internal Citation on Common Knowledge and Unique Pharse. 12

2.5 What is Internal citation ? An internal, in-text, or parenthetical citation refers to the practice of giving credit to an author, singer, or speaker by citing their words/ideas within your paper. This internal citation is then referenced at the end of your paper in your 'Works Cited' list. Internal citations are sometimes called parenthetical citations because they're enclosed by parentheses. kind of "tag" indicating what you've borrowed from an author. For every sentence, phrase or idea you borrow you must "tag" it with an internal citation13.

2.6 What is Common Knowledge ? Common knowledge needs no internal citation in a paper. Common knowledge includes information that is considered a well-established fact verifiable in five or more sources. It also includes common sayings and proverbs ("look before you leap") and historical dates, places and

d=rja&ved=0CCIQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwiki.answers.com%2FQ%2FWhat_is_incremental_plagiarism&ei =TuqjUOfiFcmUiAfb24GIBQ&usg=AFQjCNGvKCsF18Cmjqzm7vOI02GlLeMigg
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Self Plagirism- by Manchester Metropolitan University in 'Learning and Teaching in Action' Volume 2 No 1 (Spring 2003).
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Internal citation- www.Custompapers.com Nov 14th 2012 http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=%20internal%20citation&source=web&cd=3&cad=rja&ved=0CC0QFj AC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fenglishde.edublogs.org%2Ffiles%2F2012%2F06%2Finternal-citations-2009-12fw08q8.pdf&ei=geqjUIuMNfG7iAeL94C4DQ&usg=AFQjCNGP6jntKI1Z7io3VQXJd56JFSgVUg

events. An example of common knowledge needing no citation: Jane Austen was born in 1775.14

2.7 What is Unique Pharse:A unique phrase does need an internal citation. A unique phrase is one which is coined by an author and used commonly by other authors in a specific genre or discipline, but it is not necessarily a common fact or phrase used by everyone.15

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Common knowledge-www.custompapers.com Nov 14 2012 http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=common%20knowledge&source=web&cd=6&cad=rja&sqi=2&ved=0CE sQFjAF&url=http%3A%2F%2Flibrary.csusm.edu%2Fplagiarism%2Fhowtoavoid%2Fhow_avoid_common.htm&ei=w OqjUNWsAvGViQfH14GADQ&usg=AFQjCNFNwlgxz_lHSJKcqo2ePOqDDHlbsQ

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Unique pharse- www.custompapers.com Nov 14th 2012 http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=common%20knowledge&source=web&cd=6&cad=rja&sqi=2&ved=0C EsQFjAF&url=http%3A%2F%2Flibrary.csusm.edu%2Fplagiarism%2Fhowtoavoid%2Fhow_avoid_common.htm& ei=wOqjUNWsAvGViQfH14GADQ&usg=AFQjCNFNwlgxz_lHSJKcqo2ePOqDDHlbsQ

CHAPTER-3 Around The Globe

3.1 Why its not okay to Plagiarize :The main reason why people plagiarize is because they either don't want to spend time on their own creation or they simply do not care enough. The consequence of plagiarism can be personal, professional, ethical and legal. With help plagiarism detecting software, so readily available plagiarize for any other reason, may simply make plagiarizer to get into serious legal trouble. People and other organizations could easily and will take plagiarizers to court if they find out that one has plagiarized from them. When the public comes to know about the plagiarized work, it causes a great damage to the reputation and recognition to the writer of the work (plagiarizer). No credit should be given to the person for the labour and skill of others. A professional business person, politician, or public figure may find that the damage from plagiarism follows them for their entire career. Not only will they likely be fired or asked to step down from their present position, but they will surely find it difficult to obtain another respectable job. Depending on the offense and the plagiarists public stature, his or her name may become ruined, making any kind of meaningful career impossible. Those who write for a living, such as journalists or authors, are particularly susceptible to plagiarism issues. Those who write frequently must be ever-vigilant not to err. Writers are well-aware of copyright laws and ways to avoid plagiarism. As a professional writer, to plagiarize is a serious ethical and perhaps legal issue Legal Repercussions - The legal repercussions of plagiarism can be quite serious. Copyright laws are absolute. One cannot use another persons material without citation and reference. An author has the right to sue a plagiarist. The author may be granted monetary restitution. Some plagiarism may also be deemed a criminal offense, possibly leading to a prison sentence. 3.2 Plagiarism in Todays Society:Since the ages, to even today, the writings and literary works of authors were honoured and appreciated. This is because of the awareness of the gaining the knowledge from the books and literary works by the authors. As we all know The importance of writings and literary works are gaining new insight or perspectives on issues that matter to the reader that helps them to have a new understanding of the world around them. Readers can apply the insight in everyday life or as a way of building upon the knowledge that already encompasses their mind and enrich their lives.16

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.Plagiarism in todays society- affects of plagiarism in society- ehow.com Nov 12 2012 http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=plagiarism%20today&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&sqi=2&ved=0CB0Q

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Plagiarism may take on a new meaning when it comes to writing.Plagiarism can occur in a variety of writing fields. According to old saying, A good Book is a Good Friend which means a good writings of his/her provides a good knowledge regarding to subject or the world, provides a good entertainment along with a divine knowledge. Observing these facts, readers and public started appreciating the ideas of the authors. This uniqueness has gained much craze and popularity about the authors in society, especially in competitive book market . Realizing these facts, many other authors, students, professors, or researchers began copying the phrases and works of desired authors as if their own intellect narrations in their writings. This lead to false acclaim of reputation and appreciation to the plagiarizers in disguise of real narrators of the literary works. The importance of books is for information, entertainment, etc. In my opinion, the importance of reading books is to keenly observe how the author constructs sentences, and the language is so beautiful for the reading in their writings. Many plagiarizers, plagiarise, the writing style, way of conveying the expression in narrations of real authors and beautiful construction of sentences. This lead to confusion among the readers in recognition of real authors and the writers of the phrases.

3.3 Main reasons for why students plagiarize:The ability of students to plagiarise course work assesments has been topic of much debate in recent years. Evidence available in the literature lists and surveys that following are the main reasons why students plagiarise. The following are the main reasons: Student may be lazy Student may panic Due to lack of confidence Giving facts and material of stactic knowledge which already exists but newly researched. Failing to understand how to integrate source material into their own argument. Fail to understand why sources are important and what all fuss is about. Being sloppy Students do not understand that they need citations not just for the source, but for the facts, figures and ideas from the source. Indulging in patch working practices They are used to a collaborative model of knowledge production.

FjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.plagiarismtoday.com%2F&ei=DyjUN6bEISRiQeHmYCgCA&usg=AFQjCNELDxkUedr7MclPjmpugPkD5KblXQ

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Despite the media attention given to plagiarism, students are not always aware of the boundaries between plagiarism and acceptable practice. Since the penalties for plagiarising may be severe. The consequences of plagiarism for students may be devastating, since their failure to learn and use appropriate study skills will affect both their university experience and their subsequent career.

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CHAPTER-4 Situations

4.1. Common Reasons for Plagiarising the material:-

Reasons for plagiarism vary from fairly innocent and accidental mistakes to the deliberate intention to deceive. Some of the commonly Given reasons for plagiarizing are: Being Unclear about what is plagiarism. Having insufficient time management skills or being idle- e.g being too disorganized by deadlines to undertake and submit the original work. Feeling under the extreme pressure to pass or succeed- whether it be financial, parental, cultural,etc. Having different Cultural values / practicing different academic conventions. Mistakenly believing that it will be easy to get away with.plagiarism Having unclear instructions for an assessment of Task. Having a lack of academic confidence. Not being familiar with the requirement to acknowledge the sources. Poor language skills.

4.2. Consequences of plagiarism17:

Academic Probation:Although some universities have a zero-tolerance policy, meaning if you cheat once then you are expelled, many schools start by giving the student a warning and placing him on academic probation. This will most likely include a written warning that goes on file at the office of student affairs. Probation shows the student the seriousness of the offense, and that subsequent offenses will be taken much more seriously. The student will also likely receive a failing grade for the assignment.

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consequences- consequences of Plagiarism- www.ithenticate.com- 6 consequences of plagiarism. http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=6%20consequences%20of%20plagiarism&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja &sqi=2&ved=0CB8QFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ithenticate.com%2F6-consequences-ofplagiarism%2F&ei=guyjULjiIeijiAeyyoGwBQ&usg=AFQjCNED_ZZzgBsVIO6InrbsU0QSXICt_g

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Suspension:Suspension is a common consequence of plagiarism and cheating. If the university decides that a student deserves suspension, the student will receive a written notice of suspension. A suspension lasts for a period of time that is often determined by the seriousness of the offense. During this suspension period, the student will likely not be able to submit assignments, and he will receive failing grades on all missing work.

Expulsion:Expulsion is the most severe consequence of plagiarism and cheating. Expulsion, unlike a suspension, is a permanent action. Although the university may apply conditions for a student to be re-admitted, he cannot reapply or be re-admitted to a school after he has been expelled. This consequence is especially damaging because it is added to student transcripts. Therefore, when a student seeks admission at a different university, he will have to explain the expulsion to the admission board.

Criminal Punishments:Plagiarism can occur outside of the academic realm. Stealing someone's intellectual property without properly attributing the original source is considered illegal. Most plagiarism cases are considered misdemeanors, with fines anywhere between $100 and $50,000. However, if someone makes more than $2,500 off plagiarism, this is considered to be a felony, with fines up to $250,000 and up to 10 years in jail.

Plagiarism also may lead to destruction of student reputation, professional reputation, writers reputation, academic reputation.

4.3 What is the Difference between Plagiarism and CopyRight Infringement:The first two answers are very close, but they miss one key point: When it comes to copyright, giving the creator of the work credit does not make it okay. It is still a copyright violation. There are some circumstances in which intellectual property can be used under fair use, but the idea that crediting the copyright holder makes it okay, is just not true. We need license or usage rights in most circumstances to use copyright material. Copyright infringement does not need to involve plagiarism but carry it further. We don't need to claim something is yours for it to be a copyright violation. To go back to the first point, We can acknowledge the creator and not claim at all that it is your work, but it is still a copyright violation.

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Plagiarism is when we write down the exact words or concepts belonging to another and give no reference to the person who had the original words and/or concepts. Footnotes are used to prevent this practice and to alert the reader of our research. Copyright infringement involves plagiarism but continues the concept to a greater degree. Infringement includes the copying of more than 20% of any work by another without payment or restitution; using a copyrighted photo without acquiring the owner's permission; using the words or concepts of others and making a profit from the transaction whether it violates the 20% rule or not and in the case of DVDs/CDs, recording the entire artistic work of others and selling it in a piracy racket for your own profit.18

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Differences between Plagiarism and CopyRight Infringment- Yahoo Answers.(Google) http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=differences%20between%20copyright%20and%20plagiarism&source= web&cd=3&cad=rja&ved=0CC4QFjAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fanswers.yahoo.com%2Fquestion%2Findex%3Fqid%3D 20080924043601AAsIFg8&ei=peyjUNjKJoSViAf23YGABw&usg=AFQjCNFlyJ3mwyMYmgOei5EJma4o9zfmng

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CHAPTER-5 Relevent Instances

5.1. Recent incidents and case laws: Many recent news reports and articles have exposed plagiarism by journalists, authors, public figures, and researchers. CNN and Time recently CNN and Time recently suspended FareedZakaria, an Indian-American journalist, on a plagiarism charge. Zakaria was accused of including in his column about gun laws for Time a paragraph which closely resembled an article that Jill Lepore wrote for the New Yorker. Zakaria, who admitted to the charges, subsequently apologised. Does plagiarism become an offence only in the academic context? What about fiction? Remember KaavyaViswanathans novel, How Opal Mehta Got Kissed, Got Wild and Got a Life, copies of which were withdrawn and destroyed after its author was accused of having plagiarised from several sources? Clearly, plagiarism is not acceptable in the context of any written work. Plagiarism charges regularly plague the book world, often resulting in tarnished reputations. For those accused, the allegations are humiliating, while the writers plagiarized often feel themselves to be the victims of a theft for which they are never fully compensated. In recent cases, plagiarism charges have swirled around a variety of different kinds of publications.

. Romanian prime minister accused of plagiarism: On June 18th,2012, Romanian Prime Minister, Victor Ponta has been accused of copying large amounts of his PhD thesis from other sources without proper attribution. Prime Minister, Victor Ponta has been accused of copying large sections of his 2003 PhD thesis in law from previous publications, without proper reference. Victor Ponta is accused of inserting, without properly mentioning the sources, extended passages from the signed by Professors DumitruDiaconu, Ion Diaconu and VasileCrettu. The Ph.D thesis of the prime minister is about the international Criminal court and was written shortly after this institution was set- up. The purpose of the paper was to explain Romanian Law community the main elements pertaining to the functioning of the international Criminal Court. Nature of the documents was seen by an anonymous, indicating that more than half of Pontas 432- pages, Romanian Language thesis on the functioning of the Interantional Criminal Court consists of duplicated text. Has been hit by the fresh allegations of plagiarism that strike at the top, Romanias new government, still whirling from the misconduct scandal that forced its research minister to resign last month.19

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Romanian Prime Minister Accused of Plagiarism.- Nature News.com (Google) http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=romanian%20prime%20minister%20plagiarism&source=web&cd=2&c ad=rja&ved=0CCQQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Fnews%2Fromanian-prime-ministeraccused-of-plagiarism-1.10845&ei=Cu2jUKi8FK-QiQfYkICgCQ&usg=AFQjCNFWLsdcu9gyS-qy79kUofNFR5Y-Q

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Michel Houellebecq Vs SlateMagzine: For French author Michel Houellebecq, plagiarism charges and a major book award arrived in close proximity. Last month, the bestselling author prize was awarded the Prix Gonocout. It is the prestigious award and Frances top literary prize, given for his novel La carte et le territoire(The Map and Territory). Shortly before the award was announced, however, Slate magazine had accused Houellebecq of plagiarizing some passages of this book from the French Wikipedia. Houellebecq admitted to taking the passages, word for word, from Wikipedia, but denied that this was plagiarism. The author says borrowing and reshaping define his writing style doesnt amount to plagiarism. This approach, muddling real documents and fiction, has been used by many authors.20 A 2006 Congressional Report on global warming( Raymond s.BradleyVs Edward Wegman) Mr.Raymond S. Bradley, a famous climatologist at theUniversity of Massachusetts at Amherst, claims that statistician Edward Wegman of George Mason University plagiarized from his textbook in a 2006 congressional report that undermined warnings of global warming. A committee investigating the allegations at George Mason University has yet to comment, and Mr. Wegman denies the plagiarism charges that were first reported by Deepclimate.org. Im not an expert on plagiarism, but its pretty clear that the text was lifted almost word for word out of my book, said Mr. Bradley. Bradley claims that the 91-page Wegman report has 35 pages of plagiarized material of which were taken from his textbook Paleoclimatology Reconstructing Climates of the Quaternary and the other borrowed material came from Wikipedia, textbooks, and articles. Wegmans report, which had been requested by Rep. Joe Barton (R) of Texas, disputes claims made in Bradleys textbook. So they not only lifted parts of my book, they also altered a few keywords to make it less definite, says Bradley.21 Decision points by George W.BushVs Ahmed Rashid Decisions points The memoir of George W.Bush, a piece written and posted on Huffington post charged the former president for passing off accounts from media reports and non fiction
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Michel Houellebecq Vs Slate magazine- 5 Recnt cases on plagiarism_(Google) http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=5%20famous%20cases%20on%20plagiarism&source=web&cd=3&cad =rja&ved=0CDQQFjAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.csmonitor.com%2FBooks%2F2011%2F1208%2F5-famousplagiarism-and-fraud-accusations-in-the-book-world%2FStephenAmbrose&ei=nu2jUJKDH4aDiQfv5oDgBg&usg=AFQjCNHmHXjjOFcD3h2wBlYefxKU7KFD7Q

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Raymond S. Bradley Vs Edward- 5 Recent cases on plagiarism.(Google) http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=5%20famous%20cases%20on%20plagiarism&source=web&cd=3&cad =rja&ved=0CDQQFjAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.csmonitor.com%2FBooks%2F2011%2F1208%2F5-famousplagiarism-and-fraud-accusations-in-the-book-world%2FStephenAmbrose&ei=nu2jUJKDH4aDiQfv5oDgBg&usg=AFQjCNHmHXjjOFcD3h2wBlYefxKU7KFD7Q

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books. It was including a piece by journalist named Ahmed Rashid in the New York Review of Books, A Washington Post Interview with John Mccain, journalist Bob Wood wards book Bush at War and the memoir American Solider by Gen Tommy Franks.22 When BBC asked about the charges, Mr. Rashid Confirmed that Bush seemed to have taken quotes from his article in The New York Review of Books describing Afghan President Hamid Karzais inauguration day without crediting him. Neither President Bush nor his researchers paid me that compliment nor have they apologized since the quote was spotted some days ago, said Rashid. Harry potter (J.K Rowling) Vs Adrian Jacobs23 Plagiarism claims against the "Harry Potter" books are nothing new. The latest lawsuit against author J.K. Rowling questions the originality of the wizardry world portrayed in the "Harry Potter" series. In June 2009, the estate of deceased author Adrian Jacobs sued the publishers of Harry Potter. They alleged that JK Rowlings fourth book in the Potter series, The Goblet of Fire, lifted heavily from Jacobs previously published novel The Adventures of Willy the Wizard: Livid Land. Both main characters go through a series of challenges in order to save friends. The estate first sued Bloomsbury, the UK publisher, and when after the American publisher, Scholastic, in 2011. Judges in both cases dismissed the claims for lack of evidence, but Jacobs son and grandson who run the estate may try to take the case to Australia. Stephen Ambrose (Wind Blue) Vs Wings of Morning24 Respected historian and writer Stephen Ambrose was the center of a major, highly publicized plagiarism scandal in 2002 after his bookThe Wild Blue: The Men and Boys Who Flew the B-24s over Germany was speculated to have been plagiarized from a 1995 book called Wings of Morning: The Story of the Last American Bomber Shot Down over Germany in World
22

Decision points- 5 Recent insidents on plagiarism.(Google) http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=5%20famous%20cases%20on%20plagiarism&source=web&cd=3&cad =rja&ved=0CDQQFjAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.csmonitor.com%2FBooks%2F2011%2F1208%2F5-famousplagiarism-and-fraud-accusations-in-the-book-world%2FStephenAmbrose&ei=nu2jUJKDH4aDiQfv5oDgBg&usg=AFQjCNHmHXjjOFcD3h2wBlYefxKU7KFD7Q

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Harry potter issue5 recent cases on plagiarism-(Google) http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=4%20recent%20cases%20of%20plagiarism&source=web&cd=1&cad=r ja&ved=0CB8QFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.csmonitor.com%2FBooks%2F2010%2F1208%2F4-recentcases-of-plagiarism-charges-in-the-headlines%2FMichel-Houellebecq-and-La-carte-and-le-territoire&ei=56jUPSrNO60iQeUqoCoBg&usg=AFQjCNHCWytTJtkT7Sib2Z7mvN1XND7USQ

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Stephen Ambrose- 5recent cases on Plagiarism- (Google) http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=4%20recent%20cases%20of%20plagiarism&source=web&cd=1&cad=rj a&ved=0CB8QFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.csmonitor.com%2FBooks%2F2010%2F1208%2F4-recent-cases-ofplagiarism-charges-in-the-headlines%2FMichel-Houellebecq-and-La-carte-and-le-territoire&ei=56jUPSrNO60iQeUqoCoBg&usg=AFQjCNHCWytTJtkT7Sib2Z7mvN1XND7USQ

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War II, by Thomas Childers, a history professor from the University of Pennsylvania. As Fred Barnes of The Weekly Standard notes, very specific stand-out phrases like "glittering like mica" appeared in both books, though Ambrose never directly quoted or acknowledged Childers book. Ambrose was harshly criticized, and the scandal was covered in various news stories, especially when Mark Lewis from Forbes.com found four more cases of plagiarism in other Ambrose books. Jason Blair and New York Times Incident:25 Jayson Blairs plagiarism scandal commanded lots of attention after he was found to have "committed frequent acts of journalistic fraud while covering significant news events" for the New York Times, his own paper reported in 2003. Blair resigned from the Times while editors checked over 600 of his articles spanning four years of employment with the paper. Editors found that Blair had fabricated stories, invented quotes and even manipulated photographs in support of his pieces. Joe Biden Vs Neal Kinnock26 Before Joe Biden became Vice President, he was a senator from Delaware who wanted to be president. During the 1987 presidential race, Bidens stump speech in Iowa concluded with several phrases lifted from a speech delivered by Neal Kinnock, a politician from the UK. Challenger Michael Dukakis picked up on the incident and created an attack video that showed the similarities between the speeches. Although Biden later admitted that he had been inspired by the speech and had given it reference in previous uses of it, this time was different. New York Times reporter Maureen Dowd broke the story and brought it national attention in the pre-YouTube world. Biden ended up pulling out this issue in year 1988.

25

Jason Blair-incident-4 Recent cases on Plagiarism.(Google) http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=4%20recent%20cases%20of%20plagiarism&source=web&cd=1&cad=r ja&ved=0CB8QFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.csmonitor.com%2FBooks%2F2010%2F1208%2F4-recentcases-of-plagiarism-charges-in-the-headlines%2FMichel-Houellebecq-and-La-carte-and-le-territoire&ei=56jUPSrNO60iQeUqoCoBg&usg=AFQjCNHCWytTJtkT7Sib2Z7mvN1XND7USQ

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Maureen controversy- top 10 cases on Plagiarism(Google)http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=top%2010%20cases%20on%20plagiarism&source=web&cd=8 &cad=rja&ved=0CFUQFjAH&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.onlineclasses.org%2F2009%2F10%2F21%2Ftop-10plagiarism-scandals-of-all-time%2F&ei=1u-jULDOIKWWiQfe8oCQCA&usg=AFQjCNGezLglloPr6cElHv-ZuvLe4X-sEw

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Maureen Dowd Issue on Talking Points27: Speaking of Maureen Dowd, Dowd herself was accused of plagiarism in 2009. Over 20 years after she broke Bidens story, an online Sunday column on the New York Times website showed striking similarities to a story on the Talking Points Memo website. There was a word-for-word paragraph in both with just small change. Her defense was that a friend who helped her write the column must have seen the Talking Points Memo post and accidentally integrated it into Dowds column.

J.K. Rowling faces another plagiarism suit28: Once again, Harry Potter creator J.K. Rowling faces charges of borrowing too generously from another writer's work.It's not the first time that Rowling, estimated to be the world's wealthiest author, has had to defend herself against charges of plagiarism. One prominent case involved a 2002 suit brought by American author Nancy Stouffer who claimed that her character "Larry Potter" bore a striking resemblance to Rowling's "Harry Potter." Stouffer lost her case and an appeal three years later. J.K. Rowling faces another plagiarism suit:(2): Library Journal writer Lauren Barack called it right while discussing plagiarism charges against Rowling last year. "Given the success of Rowlings Potter series it seems unlikely that shell stop being a lightning rod for suits of this nature," Barack wrote. "While her stories are hugely popular, they do mirror many archetypes and story arcs found in popular tales." Rowling has never cited a single author's works as the inspiration for Harry Potter. In interviews at different times she has mentioned sources as diverse as Chaucer, Shakespeare, and "The Narnia Chronicles" by C.S. Lewis as influential to her.

27

Joe bidden issue- top 10 cases on plagiarism.(Google) http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=top%2010%20cases%20on%20plagiarism&source=web&cd=8&cad=rj a&ved=0CFUQFjAH&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.onlineclasses.org%2F2009%2F10%2F21%2Ftop-10plagiarism-scandals-of-all-time%2F&ei=1u-jULDOIKWWiQfe8oCQCA&usg=AFQjCNGezLglloPr6cElHvZuvLe4X-sEw 28 top 10 sacndals of plagiarism.(Google) http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=top%2010%20cases%20on%20plagiarism&source=web&cd=8&cad=rj a&ved=0CFUQFjAH&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.onlineclasses.org%2F2009%2F10%2F21%2Ftop-10plagiarism-scandals-of-all-time%2F&ei=1u-jULDOIKWWiQfe8oCQCA&usg=AFQjCNGezLglloPr6cElHvZuvLe4X-sEw

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Melissa Elias Incident:29 Former New Jersey school board president Melissa Elias was accused of plagiarizing a commencement speech given by Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist Anna Quindlen, as part of Elias own commencement address to Madison High School in 2005. Elias resigned as school board president and eventually as a regular member of the school board, but she continued to talk about the scandal, seemingly insisting that she did nothing wrong. Plagiarism allegations against Barack Obama:30 During the presidential campaign of Barack Obama in February 2008, Obama was accused of plagiarizing a speech by Massachusetts Governor Deval Patrick, given in October 2006. Obamas speech, given in Wisconsin, included quotations from several other speeches, which he credited to Martin Luther King Jr. and John F. Kennedy, as well as a quotation from the Declaration of Independence. PlagiarismToday.com noted that after comparing Devals speech with Obamas, one could see that Obama "used many of the same quotes as well as very similar phrasing." Obama apologized for not giving credit to Deval after the two had worked on his speech together, and Deval made a public announcement, calling the whole incident "unfair," and supporting Obamas speech, according to Boston.com.

The Catcher in the Rye sequel:31 One of the most iconic books in American literary history, The Catcher in the Rye, spawned a sketchy spin-off by an anonymous writer "J. D. California." J.D. Salinger sued the author and is
29

Melissa Elias- Top 10 plagiarism Scandals.(Google) http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=top%2010%20cases%20on%20plagiarism&source=web&cd=8&cad=rj a&ved=0CFUQFjAH&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.onlineclasses.org%2F2009%2F10%2F21%2Ftop-10plagiarism-scandals-of-all-time%2F&ei=1u-jULDOIKWWiQfe8oCQCA&usg=AFQjCNGezLglloPr6cElHvZuvLe4X-sEw

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Barak Obama- Top 10 Plagiarism Scandals-(Google) http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=top%2010%20cases%20on%20plagiarism&source=web&cd=8&cad=rj a&ved=0CFUQFjAH&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.onlineclasses.org%2F2009%2F10%2F21%2Ftop-10plagiarism-scandals-of-all-time%2F&ei=1u-jULDOIKWWiQfe8oCQCA&usg=AFQjCNGezLglloPr6cElHvZuvLe4X-sEw

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.Catcher in the Red Eye Sequel-Top 10 Plagiarism Scandals. (Google) http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=top%2010%20cases%20on%20plagiarism&source=web&cd=8&cad=rj a&ved=0CFUQFjAH&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.onlineclasses.org%2F2009%2F10%2F21%2Ftop-10plagiarism-scandals-of-all-time%2F&ei=1u-jULDOIKWWiQfe8oCQCA&usg=AFQjCNGezLglloPr6cElHvZuvLe4X-sEw

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fighting to have the book called Coming Through the Rye banned in the U.S. It is already being sold in England, and the anonymous author claims his version is just a parody, while Salinger believes it is plagiarism.

Nada Behziz incident:32 In 2005, reporter Nada Behziz was fired from The Californian of Bakersfield for plagiarism and for inventing sources. Her editors at The Californian found several instances of plagiarism in various pieces, sparking Behzizs former editors at the Daily Republic, where she worked two years earlier, to investigate pieces she wrote for them. The Daily Republic found at least two pieces that included plagiarism, while "more than a third" of her pieces for The Californian were plagiarized, according to the blog Narcissistic Views on News/Politics. Lloyd Brown incident:33 In 2004, The Florida Times-Union issued a "task force" to investigate plagiarism in the papers editorials, and found instances dating back to 1996. The editorial page director Lloyd Brown resigned, though he maintained that he never intended to steal anyones work. Alex Haley incident:- 34 The massive book "Roots" by Haley won a Pulitzer Prize for its account of several generations of an African-American family living in America, a family which Haley said was his own. The writer said he did years of research into his ancestors before writing the book, but doubt has been cast by historians onto the research and whether the man Haley claimed was his ancestor,
32

Nada Behziz-Top 10 Scandals (Google)http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=top%2010%20cases%20on%20plagiarism&source=web&cd=8&cad=rj a&ved=0CFUQFjAH&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.onlineclasses.org%2F2009%2F10%2F21%2Ftop-10plagiarism-scandals-of-all-time%2F&ei=1u-jULDOIKWWiQfe8oCQCA&usg=AFQjCNGezLglloPr6cElHvZuvLe4X-sEw

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Lloyd Brown Incident- Top 10 Plagiarism Scandals-(Google) http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=top%2010%20cases%20on%20plagiarism&source=web&cd=8&cad=rj a&ved=0CFUQFjAH&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.onlineclasses.org%2F2009%2F10%2F21%2Ftop-10plagiarism-scandals-of-all-time%2F&ei=1u-jULDOIKWWiQfe8oCQCA&usg=AFQjCNGezLglloPr6cElHvZuvLe4X-sEw

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Alex Haley issue- Plagiarism Controversies-(Google) http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=plagiarism%20controversies(%20trending%20topics)&source=web&cd =1&cad=rja&ved=0CB8QFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Ftoptopics.thefullwiki.org%2FPlagiarism_controversies&ei=cPKjUL_NNs6ZiQf5YDQCQ&usg=AFQjCNF6v9rMbDIZn0-gQIynhfPMEuXtag

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KuntaKinte, actually existed. In 1978, after the book was turned into a legendary miniseries, Haley was sued by author Harold Courlander, who said that passages of "Roots" were taken from his novel "The African." Haley said he did not plagiarize but only extracted that some sections of "Roots" seemed to have originally appeared in "The African." Later "Alex Haley ... regrets that various materials from The African by Harold Courlander found their way into his book Roots.

Jonah Lehrer incident:-35 Jonah Lehrer, a science and technology reporter that wrote for The New Yorker and was also the author of three books. He was first accused of self plagiarism but was eventually accused of falsifying quotes and traditional plagiarism as well. He resigned his position at The New Yorker and is under investigation by his publisher.

Frank Schtzing incident:- 36 Germany novelist Frank Schtzing was accused in 2005 of lifting chunks of his bestseller Der Schwarm - promoted as a "gripping ecological thriller" - from text by marine biologist Thomas Orthmann on the scientific website www.ozeane.de. Orthmann demanded 15,000 in compensation from Schtzing. Wolfgang Koepmann had more brazenly republished JakobLittmann's scarifying Holocaust memoir under his own name as a novel.

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John Lehar incident- Top 10 Plagiarism Scandals-(Google) http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=top%2010%20cases%20on%20plagiarism&source=web&cd=8&cad=rj a&ved=0CFUQFjAH&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.onlineclasses.org%2F2009%2F10%2F21%2Ftop-10plagiarism-scandals-of-all-time%2F&ei=1u-jULDOIKWWiQfe8oCQCA&usg=AFQjCNGezLglloPr6cElHvZuvLe4X-sEw

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Frank Schaztzing- Top 10 Scandals of Plagiarism-(Google).. http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=top%2010%20cases%20on%20plagiarism&source=web&cd=8&cad=rj a&ved=0CFUQFjAH&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.onlineclasses.org%2F2009%2F10%2F21%2Ftop-10plagiarism-scandals-of-all-time%2F&ei=1u-jULDOIKWWiQfe8oCQCA&usg=AFQjCNGezLglloPr6cElHvZuvLe4X-sEw

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Lynda La Plante incident:- 37 Bestseller Lynda La Plante was accused in 2008 of appropriate plagiarizing the text from Olga Lengyel's 1947 memoir Five Chimneys for her 1993 novel Entwined. Subsequently books were banned in market

Laura Riding incident:- 38 Laura (Riding)Jackson, was an American poet, critic, novelist and story writer. She accused sometime partner Robert Graves of plagiarism, claiming that he had "sucked, bled, squeezed, plucked, picked, grabbed, dipped, sliced, carved, lifted the body of my work" after the relationship broke down in 1939.

Oscar Wilde incident:-39 The book ersion of Oscar Wilde's The Picture of Dorian Gray borrowed from J-K Huysmans'work A Rebours and S. MichleMendelssohn notes in Henry James, Oscar Wilde and Aesthetic Culture(Edinburgh: Edinburgh Uni Press 2007) Wilde had told to press "Of course I plagiarise. It is the privilege of the appreciative man".

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Lyanda la Plante- Plagiarism controversies-www.fullwiki.org-(Goolge)http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=plagiarism%20controversies%20trending&source=web&cd=4&cad=rja &ved=0CC4QFjAD&url=http%3A%2F%2Ftoptopics.thefullwiki.org%2FPlagiarism_controversies&ei=51ukUM7aAYX5rQedlIDICQ&usg=AFQjCNF6v9rMbDIZ n0-gQIynhfPMEuXtag

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Laura Incident- Plagiarism controversies-www.fullwiki.org-(Goolge)http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=plagiarism%20controversies%20trending&source=web&cd=4&cad=rja &ved=0CC4QFjAD&url=http%3A%2F%2Ftoptopics.thefullwiki.org%2FPlagiarism_controversies&ei=51ukUM7aAYX5rQedlIDICQ&usg=AFQjCNF6v9rMbDIZ n0-gQIynhfPMEuXtag

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Plagiarism incidents-Literary Plagiarism-www.caslon.com.(Google)http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=oscar%20wild%20incident%20of%20plagiarism&source=web&cd=1& cad=rja&ved=0CCMQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.caslon.com.au%2Fplagiarismcasesnote.htm&ei=c16kUJ KxMYfLrQfMl4GICw&usg=AFQjCNG0_NI6BFnyob79pz8ppSH21TwRCg

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The Bear Bryant Funeral Train case:-40 In 2005 critics argued that elements of The Bear Bryant Funeral Train (Athens: Uni of Georgia Press 2005) by Brad Vice had been lifted from Carl Carmer's 1934 Stars Fell on Alabama and from Jim Dent's The Junction Boys (New York: St Martins Press 2000). The Da Vinci Code (Dan Brown's controversy):-41 In 2006 Dan Brown's pulp The Da Vinci Code was denounced by Michael Baigent& Richard Leigh as plagiarising their The Holy Blood & the Holy Grail(HBHG). The authors sued Brown, claiming that he "plagiarised" the "whole jigsaw puzzle" of their research. The claim provoked the response that, Can anyone copyright an idea? Previously copyright has applied just to how the idea is used. This is why we are confident. If the claimants win, it's the end of John Grisham, Tom Clancy, Robert Harris, Helen Fielding - and Shakespeare. Leigh griped that, It's not that Dan Brown has lifted certain ideas, because a number of people have done that before. It's rather that he's lifted the whole architecture - the whole jigsaw puzzle and hung it on to the peg of a fictional thriller.

Judgement:- Mr Justice Peter Smith later ruled that Brown did not infringe Baigent and Leigh's copyright Dan Brown has not infringed copyright. None of this amounts to copying The Holy Blood and the Holy Grai. Even if the central themes were copied they are too general or of too low a level of abstraction to be capable of protection by copyright law Accordingly there is no copyright infringement either by textual copying or non-textual copying of a substantial part of HBHG by means of copying the central themes.

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Bear Brayant Funeral train-Plagiarism controversies(trending topics-(Google)http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=plagiarism%20controversies(%20trending%20topics)&source=web&cd =1&cad=rja&ved=0CB8QFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Ftoptopics.thefullwiki.org%2FPlagiarism_controversies&ei= cPKjUL_NNs6ZiQf5-YDQCQ&usg=AFQjCNF6v9rMbDIZn0-gQIynhfPMEuXtag

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The Davinci Code issue- www.Plagiarismtoday.comhttp://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=davinci%20code%20plagiarism&source=web&cd=4&cad=rja&sqi=2& ved=0CD0QFjAD&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.plagiarismtoday.com%2F2005%2F08%2F06%2Fda-vinci-code author-wins-plagiarism case%2F&ei=J0mkUKzjL8nprQe9u4HYCA&usg=AFQjCNG_haJn3T4chAvQRGVG7v5ppPgfww

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.Ian McEwan controversy:- 42 UK novelist Ian McEwan, accused of plagiarising from the autobiography of romance novelist Lucilla Andrews in his novel Atonement, was defended by figures such as Margaret Atwood, Kazuo Ishiguro, Thomas Pynchon and John Updike.

Thomas Keneally, sniffed that If it is sufficient to point to a simultaneity of events to prove plagiarism, then we are all plagiarists, and Shakespeare is in big trouble from Petrarch, and Tolstoy stole the material for War & Peace. Fiction depends on a certain value-added quality created on top of the raw material, and that McEwan has added value beyond the original will.

Bowers, Neal. Words for the Taking: (The Hunt for a Plagiarist. New York: Norton, 1997.:-) Neal Bowers, poet and professor of English at Iowa State, finds alarming evidence of repeated thefts of two of his poems. Other poets are also found to have been plagiarized. He was accountable as a plagiarist. His work was considerd as a "Partly a page-turning detective story, partly a modern defense of poetry, Bower's brief book does poetic justice to a literary crime.

Bartlett, Thomas. Naval Academy Demotes Professor Accused of Plagiarism. (Chronicle of Higher Education 29 October 2003.:-) Navel academy demotes the professor accused of plagiarism in a book on the A-bomb. The U.S Navel Academy announced last week that it was stripping history of tenure and slashing his salary after an internal investigation found that he had plagiarized material in his book about development of atomic bomb. Subsequently his salary was cut from $73,000/- to $63,000/-

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John McEwan Controversy- Plagiarism Controversies-(Google)http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=plagiarism%20controversies(%20trending%20topics)&source=web&cd =1&cad=rja&ved=0CB8QFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Ftoptopics.thefullwiki.org%2FPlagiarism_controversies&ei=cPKjUL_NNs6ZiQf5-YDQCQ&usg=AFQjCNF6v9rMbDIZn0gQIynhfPMEuXtag

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Plagiarism Accusations Halt Distribution of John Paul Jones Biography. New York Times (21 September 1999):A disputed biography by James Mackay a prolific Scottish author who has repeatedly been accused of plagiarism was ordered withdrawn and destroyed by his publisher after a historian's report branded it a ''spectacular and sustained act of plagiarism. The book by James Mackay, ''I Have Not Yet Begun to Fight: A Life of John Paul Jones,'' will not be distributed in the United States, and all 7,500 newly printed copies of the $28 book were junked, said Morton Entrekin, president and publisher of Grove/Atlantic, which had been scheduled to publish the American edition of that month. Mr. Entrekin had ordered publication halted for further study last week after The New York Times raised questions about similarities to a 40-year-old out-of-print work, ''John Paul Jones: A Sailor's Biography,'' by the American historian Samuel Eliot Morison, who died in 1976. The comparison, made for Mr. Entrekin by a Columbia University history professor.

James Mackay second plagiarism controversy:In 1998 Mackay published in America a biography of Alexander Graham Bell, the first such published since Robert V. Bruce's Pulitzer Prize-winning Alexander Graham Bell and the Conquest of Solitude in 1973. Mackay's book had previously been published in Britain to good reviews, and Mackay had enough books under his belt that Bruce (still alive) was quite surprised to find Mackay's new work to be largely a carbon copy of the earlier. The plagiarism was not accidental. While he cited Bruce'swork in several places, he made errors of space/time fabric: for instance, thanking the people who previously curated the Bell Archive, instead of the Library of Congress, where the archive has resided for the past twenty-five years, and thanking people whose help he did not actually solicit or receive. Bruce counts instances of plagiarism on 285 of 297 pages, evidence he documented to the American Historical Association's Library Journal for them to render a verdict on the issue. Guilty, of course. But by then Mackay had already paid his publisher $40,000 to destroy all copies of the Bell biography and withdraw it from sale, in return for a promise from Bruce not to sue.

University of Virginia, Expels 48 Students After Plagiarism Probe:Forty-eight students have been dismissed from the university of Virginia after massive plagiarism investigation that challenged the schools cherished, 160-year-old honour code. Three of those expelled under the school's student-run disciplinary system already had graduated, so their degrees were revoked, said Christopher Smith, chairman of the committee that oversees the court-like system that addresses accusations of lying cheating and stealing.

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Expulsion is the sole penalty available under the code. It was found, when a physics professor designed a computer program to seek matching passages in 1,500 term papers, in the serious plagiarism investigation.43

The Tito Sotto Plagiarism Controversy:-44 The Tito Sotto Plagiarism Controversy refers to the political scandal surrounding Filipino actorturned-senator Tito Sotto, who has been accused of plagiarizing his speeches in verbatim from a blog post written by American home economist columnist Sarah Pope and U.S. senator Robert Kennedys 1966 address to South Africans.

On August 13th, 2012, the Philippines Senate majority leader Tito Sotto addressed the assembly in a passionate speech against the legislation of Reproductive Health Bill, which would guarantee universal access to methods on birth-control, sexual education and maternal care. Two days later on August 15th, Philippine blogs and news sites as well as international news agencies reported that Sottos address contained excerpts that had been copied in verbatim from online sources, including a blog post written by Healthy Home Economist columnist Sarah Pope, a New York University newsletter written by birth-control advocate Margaret Sanger and another column for Feminists for Choice written by Janice Formichella..

The issue further escalated in September the same year, when it was found out by Twitter user Michel Eldiy that Sottos closing speech was taken verbatim (albeit merely translated in Tagalog) from a speech made by Robert F. Kennedy in 1966.

The following day, Sotto asserted his defense in the news interviews by saying that he has since disclosed the original sources for attribution and citing the constitutional protection which
43

University of Virginia- www.rebeccamoorehoward.com.http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=famous%20cases%20of%20plagiarism%20and%20fraud%20in%20aca demia%2C%20athletics%2C%20government%2C%20journalism%2C%20politics%2C%20etc.&source=web&cd=1 &cad=rja&ved=0CB8QFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rebeccamoorehoward.com%2Fbibliographies%2Ffamou s-cases-of-plagiarism-and-fraud-in-academia-athletics-government-journalism-politicsetc&ei=jkikUNmSOYb8rAfJ9oDQBg&usg=AFQjCNH7TZ_Bjd-a8rxbdLM4-AAxVjRSfQ

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Titto Controversy-www.Knowyourmeme.com-(Google)http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=plagiarism%20controversies(%20trending%20topics)&source=web&cd =5&cad=rja&ved=0CDcQFjAE&url=http%3A%2F%2Fknowyourmeme.com%2Fmemes%2Fevents%2Ftito-sottoplagiarism-controversy&ei=cPKjUL_NNs6ZiQf5-YDQCQ&usg=AFQjCNEMDCanaiHJGCboT91D3ZS71u4vCA

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provides immunity to any legislator from being held liable for his or her speech outside of the Congress.

Helene Hegemann, Plagiarism Controversy:- The Storyteller's Inkpot bloggers. (feb 12th,2010). Theres an interesting article in the NYTimes about a 17 year-old, Helene Hegemann, who has published a novel , Axolotl Roadkill. The novel is about a 16 year-olds experience in the drug and club world of Berlin. The book has risen fast in word of mouth buzz, high acclaim, favorable reviews, and sales, and it is a finalist for a Leipzig Book prize. However its been discovered after publication that many lines, phrases, passages and even entire pages have been lifted from the novel Strobo, by Airen, published in August of 2009, as well as passages from his blog. The book is still up for the award and still well received. Heggeman defends herself by saying that she represents a generation that freely takes from all media and creates something new, and that: Theres no such thing as originality anyway, just authenticity. She said Creative people have always been inspired by, and even stolen from, all that is in the world, but Id say lifting an entire page from another novel is plagiarism. But thats me.

German defence minister resigns over plagiarism controversy:-45 German Defense Minister Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg, a rising star in chancellor Angela Merkels conservative bloc and the countrys most popular politician, has resigned over allegations he plagiarized his doctoral thesis. Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg told reporters it was the most painful step of my life, but he felt that he could no longer carry out his duties as minister amid the intense debate surrounding the work and his person. Guttenberg admitted last months making grave mistakes in his 2007 thesis and gave up his academic title of Dr. but insisted he did not intentionally copy the work. Following that, Bayreuth University formally removed his academic title in order to uphold the institutions standards, which he said Guttenberg had seriously violated by failing to sufficiently credit the source of his work. On next day of allegations, some 23,000 German academics joined the rising chorus of people
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German Defence minister Plagiarism issue- www.rebeccamoorehoward.com.http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=famous%20cases%20of%20plagiarism%20and%20fraud%20in%20aca demia%2C%20athletics%2C%20government%2C%20journalism%2C%20politics%2C%20etc.&source=web&cd=1 &cad=rja&ved=0CB8QFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rebeccamoorehoward.com%2Fbibliographies%2Ffamou s-cases-of-plagiarism-and-fraud-in-academia-athletics-government-journalism-politicsetc&ei=jkikUNmSOYb8rAfJ9oDQBg&usg=AFQjCNH7TZ_Bjd-a8rxbdLM4-AAxVjRSfQ

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demanding his resignation, sending Merkel a joint letter protesting her decision to keep Guttenberg on. I was always ready to fight, but have to admit I have reached the limit, Guttenberg told reporters at the Defense Ministry.

The Chris Anderson Plagiarism Controversy:- 46 Chris Anderson is the editor for Wired Magazine, a prominent tech journalist and a long-time advocate of the free business model. His upcoming book, titiled Free: The Future of a Radical Price . However, even before the book has been officially released, it has become mired in controversy. Waldo Jaquith of the Virginia Quarterly Review (VGR), a literary review journal associated with the University of Virginia, noticed similarities between some passages in Andersons book and other sources. After putting some passages through Google, he found over a dozen instances where it appears Anderson copied content from Wikipedia as well as other sources. These allegations were furthered by Edward Champion on his site , who compared several more passages from other books and blog posts. He went on to say that he missed some of the attributions, especially some of those from Wikipedia where there was no individual author to credit, and that he plans on publishing those notes online before the book is released. In a separate statement, Andersons publisher, Hyperion , said the following, We are completely satisfied with Chris Andersons response. It was an unfortunate mistake, and we are working with the author to correct these errors both in the electronic edition before it posts, and in all future editions of the book. This, however, has not stopped the war of words taking place on various social news sites and in the comments of the original post. The debate has also caught the attention of the mainstream media, including mentions in The Guardian , The Baltimore Sun and the L.A. Times.

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Chris Anderson Plagiarism contriversy-www.fullwiki.org.-(Google)http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=famous%20cases%20of%20plagiarism%20and%20fraud%20in%20aca demia%2C%20athletics%2C%20government%2C%20journalism%2C%20politics%2C%20etc.&source=web&cd=1 &cad=rja&ved=0CB8QFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rebeccamoorehoward.com%2Fbibliographies%2Ffamou s-cases-of-plagiarism-and-fraud-in-academia-athletics-government-journalism-politicsetc&ei=jkikUNmSOYb8rAfJ9oDQBg&usg=AFQjCNH7TZ_Bjd-a8rxbdLM4-AAxVjRSfQ

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Mentor vs. Protg:-(plague of plagiarism)university of texas.47 The professor published the student's words as his own. Mr. Kirk, in contrast, is a 33-year-old graduate student whose career has barely begun. Dwayne D. Kirk was proud of his paper, and with good reason: It was the first time his name -- and his name alone -- had appeared atop a scholarly article. He had spent two months doing research and writing, carefully considering each example, weighing every word. the scholar who had appropriated his work was his mentor, Charles J. Arntzen, a professor of plant biology at Arizona State University at Tempe. Mr. Arntzen, 63, is a pioneer in the creation of edible vaccines, a member of the National Academy of Sciences, and a former member of the editorial board at the journal Science. In 2001 he was appointed by President Bush to the President's Council on Science and Technology. The Harvard University law professors Charles J. Ogletree Jr. and Laurence H. Tribe were caught plagiarizing this fall, they immediately pointed to oversights by their research assistants. Research assistants' blame for a professor's plagiarism by the graduate students fuming quietly about their work's being swiped by a mentor. After the case received national attention, she heard from dozens of graduate students around the country with similar complaints (The Chronicle, April 12, 2002).Even after Mr. Kirk accused him of plagiarism Mr. Arntzen continues to argue that he had the right to use Mr. Kirk's words without his permission. The charge of plagiarism hit him "like a brick," he says, adding that he considers the controversy to be nothing more than a personal misunderstanding. He also urged and argued that there is nothing wrong in plagiarism the students work. But he was suspended from the university for certain period on account of malicious act.

Commentator Monica Crowley controversy:-48 In 1999, writer and television commentator Monica Crowley allegedly plagiarized part of an article she wrote for the Wall Street Journal (August 9, 1999), called "The Day Nixon Said Goodbye." The Journal ran an apology the same week. Timothy Noah of Slate Magazine later wrote of the striking similarities in her article to phrases Paul Johnson used in his 1988 article forCommentary called "In Praise of Richard Nixon.
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Mentor Vs Protg-www.utexas.com-(Google)http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=mentor%20vs%20protege%20plague%20of%20plagiarism&source=we b&cd=1&cad=rja&ved=0CB8QFjAA&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwebspace.utexas.edu%2Fcherwitz%2Fwww%2Fie% 2Fplagiarism.html&ei=9E-kUJmyDK6iiAfLjYHADw&usg=AFQjCNE7Auly4Fk2Z8E90eWPjpG1svxRWg

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Monica Crowley controversy- www.fullwiki.org.-(Google)http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=famous%20cases%20of%20plagiarism%20and%20fraud%20in%20aca demia%2C%20athletics%2C%20government%2C%20journalism%2C%20politics%2C%20etc.&source=web&cd=1 &cad=rja&ved=0CB8QFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rebeccamoorehoward.com%2Fbibliographies%2Ffamou s-cases-of-plagiarism-and-fraud-in-academia-athletics-government-journalism-politicsetc&ei=jkikUNmSOYb8rAfJ9oDQBg&usg=AFQjCNH7TZ_Bjd-a8rxbdLM4-AAxVjRSfQ

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High-school student Blair Hornstine controversy:-49 Moorestown Township, New Jersey, high-school student Blair Hornstine had her admission to Harvard University revoked in July 2003 after she was found to have passed off speeches and writings by famous figures, including Bill Clinton, as hers in articles she wrote as a student journalist for a local newspaper.

Blogger Ben Domenech,controversy:-50 Conservative blogger Ben Domenech, soon after he was hired to write a blog for the Washington Post in 2006, was found to have plagiarized a number of columns and articles he'd written for his college newspaper and National Review Online, lifting passages from a variety of sources ranging from well-known pundits to amateur film critics. Domenech ultimately apologized and resigned.

Boston Globe columnist Mike Barnicle,plagiarism issue.:-51 Boston Globe columnist Mike Barnicle was forced to resign when it was revealed that amid other allegations, his Globe column dated August 2, 1998 contained ten passages lifted from Brain Droppings, a book published in 1997 by George Carlin..

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Blair controversy-www.fullwiki.org-Plagiarism controversies-(Google) http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=plagiarism%20controversies(%20trending%20topics)&source=web&cd =1&cad=rja&ved=0CB8QFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Ftoptopics.thefullwiki.org%2FPlagiarism_controversies&ei= cPKjUL_NNs6ZiQf5-YDQCQ&usg=AFQjCNF6v9rMbDIZn0-gQIynhfPMEuXtag

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Blogger Ben Domenech,controversy-www.nytimes.com-(Google)http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=%EF%83%98%09blogger%20ben%20domenech%2Ccontroversy%20 washington%20post&source=web&cd=5&cad=rja&sqi=2&ved=0CDkQFjAE&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes .com%2F2006%2F03%2F25%2Fbusiness%2F25post.html&ei=bFGkUKOZOMS8rAej_4CoCQ&usg=AFQjCNGV 3Q8NHUBcFHy4Lw6Qs1Ak3656oQ

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Boston Globe-www.CNN.com-(Google) http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=mike%20barnicle%20boston%20globe%20plagiarism&sourc e=web&cd=3&cad=rja&ved=0CC8QFjAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2FUS%2F9808%2F1 9%2Fbarnicle%2F&ei=KVKkUMmFHorPrQeTq4EI&usg=AFQjCNH0ptG9DWfFbxyowPou0vHOCjVP -g

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Ezine, Website issue:-52 A Pakistani ezine, Wecite, was found to have plagiarised as many as 11 articles in its May 2007 issue, many of them verbatim, from various sources on the web, including Hindustan Times,Rediff, Blogcritics, Vis-a-Vis magazine and Slate magazines. The ezine management pulled the website and apologised, terming the plagiarism a product of the "mis-use" of authority by writers and editors of the magazines, and promising to deal with the plagiarists accordingly but "by no means" letting the "genuine efforts of its [other] writers, administration, and management suffer for it.

Fareed Zakaria controversy:- 53 The embarassing revelation that intentional affairs pundit, Fareed Zakaria, had plagiarized in recent Time Magzine Coloumn raises questions about celebrity intellectualism and the punishing schedule of knowledge production under the medias arch lights. Dr.Zakaria has apologized unreservedly for lifting portions of any essay writing by Harvard university professor in the New York without attribution to the original source.He has also been castigated for quote-stealing from the Atlantic magazine for a coloum he had written in News week in 2009.

Karl Theodar Gutenberg (German minister)plagiarism issue:Karl Theodar Gutenberg, who was stripped of his Ph.D in 2011 by university of Bayreuth for substantially copying from another source of his dissertion. His Ph.D was revoked by university for direct translations in 197 out of his 215 page thesis was plagiarized.

12 year old case:-( Hindu,educational plus ,aug 20,2012)54 The most Controversial plagiarism episode reported from university in karnataka is that of M.Venkata ramana appa, a Research scholar at Banglore Universities,Sociology. The 12 year old
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Ezine- www.plagiarism.org- List of Plagiarism issues- (Google)http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=ezine%20website%20plagiarism%20issue&source=web&cd=1&cad=rj a&ved=0CB8QFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FList_of_plagiarism_incidents&ei=EVO kUKG_IIKIrAf8y4HYAQ&usg=AFQjCNH1rF--hoZXRUcpwcjT9j-lsSFZXg

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Fareed Zakaria case-Hindu Editorial, Aug 20 , 2012) 12 year old case:- university case- (Hindu, educational plus, Aug 20 , 2012)
th

th

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case saw closure only recently with this syndicate of varsity recommend withdrawal of the Ph.D awarded to him in 2003 under sections of Karnataka state universities act 2000, Mr.venkataramana appa has allegedly reproduced verbatim of hundred pages from his guide thesis to attend the Ph.D.

The Hartford Courant is the largest daily newspaper plagiarism issue:-(plagiarism controversy)55 In September 2009 the Courant's publisher, Richard Graziano, publicly apologized as the newspaper accepted a plagiarism charge. Competitors had accused the Courant of taking its content without permission and refusing to give proper credit. In August, 2009, the Courant attracted some controversy over its firing of George Gombossy, a 40-year veteran of the paper and its consumer advocate at the time. Gombossy charged that the Courant had spiked an article he'd written about an ongoing investigation by the Connecticut attorney general accusing Sleepy's (a major advertiser in the paper) of selling the used.

Martin Luthor king, jr, authorship issue:-56 Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.'s papers were donated by his wife Coretta Scott King to Stanford University's King Papers Project. During the late 1980s, as the papers were being organized and catalogued, the staff of the project discovered that King's doctoral dissertation at Boston University, titled A Comparison of the Conception of God in the Thinking of Paul Tillich and Henry Nelson Wieman, included large sections from a dissertation written by another student (Jack Boozer) three years earlier at Boston University. He has written, "instances of textual appropriation can be seen in his earliest in his speeches and sermons throughout his career. Boston University, where King got his Ph.D. in systematic theology, conducted an investigation that found he plagiarized major portions of his doctoral thesis from various other authors who wrote about the topic.
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Hartford Courant news paper issue-Plagiarism controversies-www.fullwiki.org-(Google) http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=plagiarism%20controversies(%20trending%20topics)&source=web&cd =1&cad=rja&ved=0CB8QFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Ftoptopics.thefullwiki.org%2FPlagiarism_controversies&ei=cPKjUL_NNs6ZiQf5-YDQCQ&usg=AFQjCNF6v9rMbDIZn0gQIynhfPMEuXtag

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Martin Luthur king. jr issue-www.craked.com- 5 great men who built career on plagiarism-(Goole) http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=martin%20luther%20king%20jr%20plagiarism%20issue&source=web& cd=3&cad=rja&ved=0CDAQFjAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cracked.com%2Farticle_17198_5-great-men-whobuilt-their-careersplagiarism.html&ei=wFWkUMD2H8ftrAeS14DwAw&usg=AFQjCNG3EHbXQwZnauiN3fmV2RWFDJ5a8w

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Ward Churchill academic plagiarism issue:-57 The Ward Churchill academic misconduct investigation concerned charges of plagiarism, fabrication, and falsification against Churchill at the University of Colorado at Boulder , where Churchill was a professor at the time. On May 16, 2006, the investigative committee released its findings that Churchill had engaged in academic misconduct and had been "disrespectful of Indian oral traditions. The University's Standing Committee on Research Misconduct voted that Churchill should be dismissed. Chancellor Phil DiStefano then recommended to the University's Board of Regents that Churchill be dismissed. After an investigation of Churchill's past research, Churchill was fired by the University on July 24, 2007 for research misconduct, including plagiarism, fabrication, and falsification. The University of Colorado's Research Misconduct Committee concluded that Ward Churchill plagiarized the writing of three different authors. Like, Annete Jaimes and Rebecca Robin, Water plot and Fay Cohen.

College President Cited for Plagiarism. MSNBC News 17 March 2004:The president of Central Connecticut State University plagiarized from three sources in an opinion piece published in The Hartford Courant, according to an investigative report obtained by The Associated Press. This is a clear, unacceptable case of plagiarism, Connecticut State University Chancellor William Cibes said in his report on Richard Judds Feb. 26 commentary About half of Dr. Judds commentary is taken substantially from the original sources. The report, obtained by the AP through the Freedom of Information Act and dated Monday, went to the chairman of the universitys board of trustees. The apology was subsequently made. Prof. B.S. Rajput controversy :-58 Prof. B.S. Rajput was the vice-chancellor of Kumaon University, India in 2002 when various physicists in India started a website alleging that some of his papers claimed authorship of work,
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The Plagiarism Charges Against Ward Churchill-(Google)http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=ward%20churchill%20academic%20plagiarism%20issue&source=web &cd=3&cad=rja&ved=0CCsQFjAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchived.wardchurchill.net%2Ffiles%2Fmayer_on_pla giarism_charges_0607.pdf&ei=elakULfYItHJrAeQxoH4BA&usg=AFQjCNFR8vLUAS8fZvQaPmT1ebuUZ1Yl1A

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Raj put controversy- Scientific plagiarisms-wikipedia-(Google)-www.wiki.orghttp://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=scientific%20plagiarisms&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&ved=0CCIQFj AA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FScientific_plagiarism_in_India&ei=AlekUPbmO8SOrgf wjYH4Dg&usg=AFQjCNGlP8XQfob5djaSUXqkJiYTKNkyuw

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reported earlier by other researchers.The principal allegation was that a paper published by S.C. Joshi and B.S. Rajput entitled "Axion-dilaton black holes with SL(2,Z) symmetry through APTFGP model" in Europhysics Letters, Vol. 57, No. 5, was entirely copied from a six year old paper by Renata Kallosh of Stanford in Physical Review D, Vol 54, No. 8.[6] However, the campaign very soon included three other papers by Prof. Rajput and colleagues as plagiarised papers.

On publication of the site, Prof. Rajput threatened to take legal action against the website, maintaining that the paper was written by Mr. Joshi, one of his student without prior approval from him. However, the site was endorsed by over 40 Indian Physicists. In addition, seven Physicists including Nobel Laureate, S. Chu, R. Laughlin and D. Osheroff wrote to the president of India, APJ Abdul Kalam requesting an investigation in this matter. The situation became murkier when Prof Kavita Pandey, head of the Physics department at Kumaon University claimed that she was suspended by the university as she brought this issue to the public.

The committee led by a retired judge of Allahabad high court Justice S.R. Singh consisted of Prof K.B. Powar, former chief of the Association of Indian Universities, New Delhi, Prof Indira Nath, former secretary of the Society of Scientific Values and AIIMS faculty member and physicist Prof R. Rajaraman of JNU. The committee presented its report in February 2003 upholding the plagiarism charges. Prof. Rajput maintained that he has personally done no harm and it was his students fault. However, he resigned from Vice-chancellorship immediately after the report.

Dr. Ali Sultan, Harvard Researcher said to plagiarize his work:-59 Federal health officials have banned an award-winning malaria researcher at Harvard from conducting government-funded research for three years after discovering plagiarism and falsified data in his work. According to an official notice was given by the federal Office of Research Integrity, a watchdog agency, Sultan plagiarized text and three exhibits in his application to the government
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www.Rebeccamorreharward.com- Famous cases on plagiarism and academic integrity- (Google) http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=famous%20cases%20of%20plagiarism%20and%20fraud%20in%20aca demia%2C%20athletics%2C%20government%2C%20journalism%2C%20politics%2C%20etc.&source=web&cd=1 &cad=rja&ved=0CB8QFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rebeccamoorehoward.com%2Fbibliographies%2Ffamou s-cases-of-plagiarism-and-fraud-in-academia-athletics-government-journalism-politicsetc&ei=jkikUNmSOYb8rAfJ9oDQBg&usg=AFQjCNH7TZ_Bjd-a8rxbdLM4-AAxVjRSfQ

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to study malaria, a grant proposal titled ''Chemical Genetics and Malaria Drug Development." The document does not indicate the original source of the plagiarized material. In addition, Sultan tried to pass off experimental results from one strain of malaria.

The punishment was given almost three months after the Harvard School of Public Health forced Dr. Ali Sultan to resign as an assistant professor of immunology on Sept. 3, following its investigation into plagiarism accusations by others at the school. As a result, the federal government has barred Sultan from receiving federal money until Oct. 19, 2007, and from advising the government in any research.

Nigerian High Court Judgement on Plagiarism charges against Lamido:-60 The Nigerian High Court this week set a date to hear plagiarism charges levied against Lamido Sanusi, Governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria. The charges are being brought forward by a Nigerian lecturer in the United States, Professor Victor Dike of the School of Engineering and Technology at the National University of Sacramento in California. Dike, the founder of Californias Centre for Social Justice and Human Development, claims that Sanusi plagiarized his material in lectures on two different occasions.

Judgement:- Justice Hussein Baba-Yusuf of the Abuja FCT High Court on Thursday gave Nigerias Central Bank Governor, Sanusi Lamido Sanusi, a last chance to obey court order or face the consequences of plagiarism and misconduct. Israeli author Naomi Ragen files appeal against plagiarism :-61 Naomi Ragen,author was found guilty in 2011 of copying the sections of her book Sotah. Author Naomi Ragen has appealed to the Supreme Court against a judgment finding her guilty of plagiarism. In December, the Jerusalem District Court found that Ragen had knowingly copied
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www.ithenticate.com- Nigerian High Court challenged Sansui Plagiarism issue-(Google)http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=lamido%20plagiarism%20controversy&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&v ed=0CB8QFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ithenticate.com%2Fplagiarism-checkerblog%2Fbid%2F83955%2FNigerian-High-Court-Jurisdiction-challenged-in-Sanusi-Plagiarism-Case&ei=uVkUKraBMWOrgfvpoCoBw&usg=AFQjCNFowgwm0O3jo54oRuc8TjR8L5i_ww

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www.haaretz.com- Israeli author Naomi Ragen files appeal against plagiarism-(Google)http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=israeli%20author%20naomi%20ragen%20files%20appeal%20against% 20plagiarism&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&sqi=2&ved=0CB8QFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com% 2Fnews%2Fnational%2Fisraeli-author-naomi-ragen-files-appeal-against-plagiarism-ruling1.448905&ei=bmCkUJfbCMLIrQeh6YGgBw&usg=AFQjCNF4STGCcK1yJj4d6_EMGul6N4l6VA

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sections of her book "Sotah" from a book by Sarah Shapiro. In her appeal, Ragen's attorney wrote that this verdict destroyed her life. "The ruling branded her as a thief and shattered her honor, both as a person and as a well-known and respected author both in Israel and worldwide.

Kaavya Viswanathan plagiarism controversy:62 Kaavya Viswanathan was a Harvard sophomore who was featured in the New York Times for her book How Opal Mehta Got Kissed, Got Wild and Got a Life, and then again when it was discovered that she plagiarized portions of the novel from two books by Megan McCafferty. Viswanathan apologized, saying that she was a "huge fan" of the books when she was in high school and that she "wasnt aware of how much [she] may have internalized Ms. McCaffertys words." Later, though, more plagiarized sections of Opal were discovered, this time from a book by Sophie Kin.

5.2 Scientific Plagiarism Cases: 1. Gopal Kundu Controversy:-63

A controversy erupted in National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune in 2006 when an anonymous mail alleged that the authors (H. Rangaswami and Colleagues from the group of Dr. Gopal Kundu) may have plagiarized data (especially through Western blots) in a paper published in Journal of Biological Chemistry. The allegation was that they had rehashed the same set of data which they had published earlier. An internal committee of the NCCS advised the authors to take back their paper, however an independent committee led by G. Padmanabhan, a former director of Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, concluded that there was no plagiarism in the data. This led to some heated debate between Indian Scientists with several viewpoints being presented. On 23 February 2007, the Journal of Biological Chemistry withdrew the paper amid allegations of data manipulation. The authors still maintain that the two papers used different set of data though similar experiments. In November 2010, after an internal investigation by its ethics
62

Kavya Vishwanathan- Hindu Article- Aug 20 2012, Education plus.

th

63

Scientific Plagiarisms-www.wiki.org.-(google)http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=scientific%20plagairisms&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&ved=0CCMQ FjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FScientific_plagiarism_in_India&ei=L2GkUNr1IsmPrgf l0YDoDg&usg=AFQjCNGlP8XQfob5djaSUXqkJiYTKNkyuw

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committee, the Indian Academy of Sciences banned Gopal Kundu from participating in their activities for three years. 2. Prof. P. Chiranjeevi Controversy:-64 Chemistry professor of Sri Venkateswara University (SVU) is accused of plagiarizing more than 70 research papers published between 2004 and 2007. University Executive Council has banned him from undertaking examination work and research guidance65. He has been debarred from securing further promotions and appointments to administrative positions. 3. Anna University Controversy:-66

In 2007, appeared another controversy, this time surrounding authors from Anna University and Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR) publishing an article in the Journal of Materials Science. The article written by K. Muthukumar, T. Mathews, S. Selladurai and R. Bokalawela was reported to be a reproduction of an article published earlier in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) by David Andersson and others at the Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden. The three authors other than the first author have distanced themselves from the paper and the first author has accepted his mistake. In the meanwhile, the Anna University had barred Dr. Selladurai from guiding any more doctoral students. 4. Prof. M.R. Adhikari and L.K .Pramanik Controversy:-67
64

Scientific plagiarisms- www.wiki.org.-(google)http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=scientific%20plagairisms&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&ved=0CCMQ FjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FScientific_plagiarism_in_India&ei=L2GkUNr1IsmPrgf l0YDoDg&usg=AFQjCNGlP8XQfob5djaSUXqkJiYTKNkyuw

65

Scientific plagiarism:- www.wiki.org.-(google)http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=scientific%20plagairisms&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&ved=0CCMQ FjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FScientific_plagiarism_in_India&ei=L2GkUNr1IsmPrgf l0YDoDg&usg=AFQjCNGlP8XQfob5djaSUXqkJiYTKNkyuw

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www.wiki.org.-(google)http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=scientific%20plagairisms&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&ved=0CCMQ FjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FScientific_plagiarism_in_India&ei=L2GkUNr1IsmPrgf l0YDoDg&usg=AFQjCNGlP8XQfob5djaSUXqkJiYTKNkyuw

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www.wiki.org.-(google)- Scientific plagiarism http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=scientific%20plagairisms&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&ved=0CCMQ FjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FScientific_plagiarism_in_India&ei=L2GkUNr1IsmPrgf l0YDoDg&usg=AFQjCNGlP8XQfob5djaSUXqkJiYTKNkyuw

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A retired academic at Calcutta University, Mahimaranjan Adhikari and his Ph.d student L.K.Pramanik, have been found to be indulging in Plagiarism, courtesy the American Mathematical Society. An investigation by Calcutta university found these to be true and the university is planning action against the concerned.[33] Prof. M.R. Adhikari for his part has shifted the entire blame on the research scholar Lakshmikanto Pramanik who had "used his name without consent". But his plea was no longer valid and was held accused of plagiarism and got suspended from Calcutta University.

5. Chintamani Nagesa Ramachandra Rao( C.N.Rao) recent controversy:-

There was a minor plagiarism controversy in 2012, when a PhD student plagiarized some content in a paper, that happened to be co-authored by C. N. R. Rao science adviser to India's Prime Minister.

5.3. Cases and controversies on copy right infringement: Ek tha tiger movie controversy:-68

Salman Khans mega blockbuster movie, Ek Tha Tiger wasnt burdened by any other gripping controversy. Well, all that will change now as someone named Anand Panda has accused Yash Raj Films of stealing his story and making a movie out of it. Panda had moved the high court stating that the police was refusing to register FIR based on his complaint against the makers of the Salman Khan and Katrina Kaif starrer Ek Tha Tigerwho allegedly infringed on his copyright. Panda had filed a complaint alleging offences of criminal breach of trust, cheating and various other sections of the Copyright Act, 1957. After Panda approached the court, the police registered an FIR on September 9. However, Yash Raj Films, the producers of the movie, were not named in the FIR. The Bombay High Court has directed Mumbai police to add the name of Yash Raj Films to a case filed in a copyright infringement row by a man claiming to be the owner of the script of Salman Khan-starrer Ek Tha Tiger.

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Ek Tha Tiger Copy Right INfringment Issue- (Google)(www.indiatimes.com) Sep 13th, 2012. http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=ek%20tha%20tiger%20copyright%20issue&source=web&cd=5&cad=rj a&ved=0CDQQtwIwBA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiatimes.com%2Fbollywood%2Fek-tha-tiger-copyrightcase-filed-against-yash-raj-films-39973.html&ei=FGOkUOa_IcXZrQfB8oAI&usg=AFQjCNEds3PkUBi5d6_ab980Sro1juYWg.

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A division bench of A M Khanwilkar and R Y Ganoo directed the Amboli police to make Yash Raj Films an accused in the case filed by Anand Panda. When the court was informed about this by Panda's lawyer, the bench directed the production house to be named as an accused. Directing the police to investigate the case fairly, the court disposed of Panda's petition.

3 idiots movie controversy:-

Amir khan block boster movie also face copy right infringement issue.The director of the movie has completely ploted the movie from the Chetan Bagats novel, five point some one. Mr.Bagat has sued the producer and director in Mumbai ADR courts. Finally they Sought out the case with settlement. Avatar copy right infringement case heading to the court:By Qin Zhongwei, China Daily,(Aug 7th 2010) A plagiarism case against Hollywood director James Cameron has been accepted by a Beijing court, setting up a confrontation between the movie mogul and an amateur Beijing writer. Zhou, the general manager of a Beijing-based hi-tech business, said he spent more than seven years writing Tale of the Blue Crows, a novel which recounts the epic journey of six astronauts to a distant planet, home to a race of blue-skinned beings. He said 80 percent of the plot and key elements of the movie Avatar are similar to his story, which he finished in 1997. The Beijing court also accepted case recently against Avatar. Court, claimed Cameron's movie was based on his 2003 script and asked for an apology and compensation, according to Mirror Evening News.69

Jodi Breakers' caught in Plagiarism controversy:-70

Director Ashwini Chaudhary's "Jodi Breakers" that releases on February 24 will see Bipasha and Madhavan for the first time. The film also stars Omi Vaidya, Milind Soman , Dipanita Sharma, Mrinalini Sharma and Helen.

69

Avatar movie-Copy Right Controversy-China Daily News Paper (Aug,2010)-(Google) http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=3&cad=rja&ved=0CDQQFjAC&url=http% 3A%2F%2Fwww.chinadaily.com.cn%2Fchina%2F201007%2F10%2Fcontent_10089858.htm&ei=k2qkUPO_FuqwiQflrIGQDg&usg=AFQjCNF6q4LmV1v9KVdd1JkND1 FH3iE2Ow
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www.cinehour.com.(Google.com)http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=famous%20plagiarism%20controversies&source=web&cd=15&cad=rja &ved=0CDYQFjAEOAo&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cinemahour.com%2Fgossips%2Fbollywood%2F27739%2Fj odi-breakers-caught-in-plagiarismcontroversy.html&ei=K3akUISIGojsiAeE54GIDQ&usg=AFQjCNFZzxy1gM_Ae7FT7R8D1UzLCiwepw

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Now the latest news is that Madhavan-Bipasha Basu's much awaited rom-com Jodi Breakers, is entangled in two copyright-related cases. Different stories have been floating around regarding the story idea of this film, which stars Bipasha Basu and R Madhavan in the lead role. Whereas an upcoming writer in Bollywood has filed a complaint with the Film Writers Association, arguing that this is his script, but on the ground level it seems that the claims of the US based production company are more near to the truth. Universal Pictures International France, the US based production company, was in consultations with many big Bollywood production houses, including Karan Johars Dharma Productions to sell the rights of Heartbreakers so that it could then be made in Hindi. But, they were in for a rude shock when their plans came to a sudden hold after the promos of Jodi Breaker, which were very similar to the promos of their own film, went on air. The producers of Heartbreakers have now taken the services of The Neolegal Associates, one of the leading intellectual property firm, which handles many such litigation for Hollywood studios, to file a case against the producer, the director, the writer and the processing Lab of Jodi Breaker and also the man, who claims that the story idea of the Bollywood film belongs to him. An aspiring filmmaker, Insia Dariwala, also claims that shed registered a similar script before Ashwini registered his. However, the dispute committee of the Writers Association has proved Insia wrong. Since the matter is sub-judicious, producers of Jodi Breakers refused to comment on it. Bollywood is famous for uplifting the stories and music from Hollywood. Many stories and music were lifted from the original source. Till now, no one has claimed Rs. 50 crores as compensation.

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Chapter 6

6. How to avoid plagiarism:As well as having an understanding of what plagiarism is, you will also need to develop certain skills to fully protect yourself. Steps to be taken to avoid plagiarism: Learning how to take notes effectively Knowing how to reference correctly Learning how to paraphrase correctly Learning to quote correctly Given right sources from where ideas were extracted.

6.1. Findings: Plagiarsim has become a great controversy in protecting individual creativity in literary works. Why people plagiarise. To know how to produce any literary work without plagiarism Knowing about consequences of plagiarism affecting the ones career. Whether teachers can plagiarise their students work. Students understand concept of plagiarism. Main Reasons of why students plagiarise. From case laws, understanding how the words of ones own creativity are given importance and given immunity from plagiarism. Learning the steps how to avoid this evil practice of plagiarism. Knowing about the difference between copy right infringement and plagiarism. Knowing about the literary and writing ethics in drafting any peace of work. Whether teachers can plagiarise their students work.

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Chapter 7 Conclution

In constructing this Piece of work, I came to know that plagiarism is a very common phenomenon on this modern globe. It is a plain wrong which is serious in nature. As following the value and ethics in daily life and according jurisprudence, Nobody likes their work to be plagiarized. Just think of how we would feel if someone tried to pass our very own creation off as their own. I'm sure that we wouldn't appreciate it very much. Plagiarizing someone else's work is almost the lowest form of cruelty that a person could stoop to. Not only that, but it definitely has to be one of the most disappointing moments in a person's life when they realize what they have done. For people who knowingly plagiarize, there is one question that they should answer to themself. That question is,"Is it that hard to come up with your own writing or work?" The main reason why people plagiarize is because they either don't want to spend time on their own creation or they simply do not care enough. As I personaly believe, Adding others ideas for educational purpose with proper copy rights and permission is nothing wrong which should not amount to profit motto or wrong acclaiming of fame and reputation. Students must cultivate the habit of reading literary works and to produce their knowledge with their creativity and innovative work. Student age is the age where one can mould his upcoming future with bright colours. Academic institutions also must put proper efforts to enhance the drafting skills in students at early ages. I Personally feel that seriousness of plagiarism is directly proportional to degree of fame and reputation of the authors work which has plagiarized. Humourously saying, one should not plagiarise, if so done, should not be caught.

I want conclude that, ONE SHOULD NOT GAIN THE CREDIT, FOR SKILL OF LABOUR OF OTHERS

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Bibliography and References Websites and links 1. Plagiarsim incidents, google.(Wikipedia) 2. Scientific plagiarism incidents(Wikipedia) 3. Article of Hindu on plagiarism.(education plus,Aug 20th,2012) 4. Rebecca Morre Harward plagiarism cases.(Blog) 5. Plagiarsim Controversies(trending topics)encyclopedia.(google) 6. Briggs, R. (2003) problem of plagiarism, Australian Universities Review. 7. New York times news papers(google) 8. Plagiarsim Article by University of Essex.(google) 9. www. Jiscpas.ac.uk 10. Plagiarsim case study by Ted Pderson,University of Minnesota Duluth 11. www.comp.lancs.ac.uk. 12. www.education.psu.edu 13. www.yorku.ca 14. http://www.sps.ed.ac.uk 15. http://thestorytellersinkpot.blogspot 16. http://www.ed.ac.uk 17. http://www.nature.com/ 18. France 24.com(Europe news) 19. Plagiarism Today.

Books: 1. Halburys laws of India 2. Iyears Law of Intellectual property 3. Cornish- Law of Intellectual property 4. Halburys laws of England

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Index Summary of the Project Scope of the project Chapter 1. Introduction 1.1 Literary works 1.2. What is an Authorship 1.3. What is Plagiarism Chapter 2. About plagiarism 6 2

2.1View of Plagiarism from Historical Perspective 2.2. Types of Plagiarism 2.3. Duplication of Course work (self- plagiarism) Chapter 3. Around the globe 9

3.1. Why it is not okay to plagiarize 3.2. Plagiarism in todays society 3.3. Main reasons for why students plagiarize Chapter 4. Situation 12

4.1. Common Reasons for Plagiarizing the material 4.2. Consequences of plagiarism 4.3. What is the difference between plagiarism and copyright infringement Chapter 5. Cases relevant to plagiarism 5.1. Recent incidents and case laws 5.2. Scientific Plagiarism cases 5.3. Cases and controversies on copy right infringement Chapter 6. . How to avoid plagiarism 6.1. Findings Chapter 7.Conclusion43 -42 15

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Bibliography and References -

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Acknowledgement This project entitled Doctorial Study on Plagiarism is submitted in fulfilment of the requirement for the Project work for Corporate laws, DamoDaram Sanjeevaya National Law University. This research work is done by M.Anudeep Reddy, VII Semester , .This research work has been done only for LAW Project purpose only. The assistance and help during the execution of the project has been fully acknowledged. Very thankfulto Mr.Prof Mathew Thomas, our teacher, for contributing his efforts in building this wonderful piece.

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SUBJECT:- Intellectual Property Law TOPIC:- PLAGIARISM

Submitted by: M.Anudeep Reddy Roll No: 200905 VII SEMESTER, 4th Year