University of the Philippines

The Health Sciences Center

COLLEGE OF NURSING
Sotejo Hall, Pedro Gil Street, Manila

Drug Study

DRUG ORDER
(Generic
name, PHARMACOLOGI DESIRED NURSING
INDICATIONS AND ADVERSE EFFECTS OF
Dosage, C ACTION OF ACTION ON RESPONSIBILITIES
CONTRAINDICATIONS THE DRUG
Route, DRUG THE CLIENT /PRECAUTIONS
Frequency,
etc.)

Aspirin Exhibits Indications: GI: dyspepsia, heartburn, Prevent • Assess for pain:
80mg/tab 1 antipyretic, anti- • For pain on anorexia, nausea, blood type, location
tab p lunch PO inflammatory and integumentary epigastric discomfort, coagulation and pattern
OD analgesic effects. structures, potentiation of peptic due to • Note for asthma
The antipyretic myalgia, ulcer hypertensio • Monitor renal,
effect is due to an neuralgia, Allergic: Bronchospasm, n (narrow LFTs and CBC
action on the headache, asthma-like symptoms, blood • Determine
hypothalamus, dysmenorrhea, anaphylaxis, skin rashes, vessels may
history of peptic
resulting in heat gout. urticaria cause blood
ulcers or
loss by • Arthritis, SLE, Hematologic: to
bleeding
vasodilation of acute rheumatic prolongation of bleeding aggregate)
tendencies.
peripheral blood fever time, thrombocytopenia,
vessels. Anti- leucopenia,
Precautions:
inflammatory Contraindications: Other: Thirst, fever,
• Do not use in
effects are • Hypersensitivity to dimness of vision
mediated by a children with
salicylates, severe chicken pox or
decrease in anemia, history of
prostaglandin flu symptoms
blood coagulation • Lactation
synthesis. It also defects, vitamin K
decreases platelet • Mild diabetes,
deficiency, 1 week
aggregation. erosive gastritis,
before and after
bleeding
surgery,
tendencies, liver
pregnancy in the
or kidney
last trimester
disease.
Clopidogrel Inhibits platelet Indications CNS: Headache, Prevent • Assess for
75mg/tab 1 aggregation by • Treatment of dizziness, weakness, platelet symptoms of
tab OD blocking ADP patients at risk for syncope, flushing aggregation stroke, MI during
receptors on ischemic events— CV: Hypertension, edema treatment
platelets, history of MI, Dermatologic: Rash, • Monitor liver
preventing ischemic stroke, pruritus function studies:
clumping of peripheral artery GI: Nausea, GI distress, AST, ALT,
platelets disease constipation, diarrhea, GI bilirubin,
• Treatment of bleed creatinine if
patients with Other: Increased patient is on
acute coronary bleeding risk long-term
syndrome therapy
• Monitor blood
Contraindications studies:
• Contraindicated CBC,Hgb, Hct,
with allergy to protime,
clopidogrel, active cholesterol if the
pathological patient is on
bleeding such as long-term
peptic ulcer or therapy;
intracranial thrombocytopeni
hemorrhage, a and
lactation. neutropenia may
• occur.

Precautions:
• bleeding
disorders, recent
surgery, hepatic
impairment,
pregnancy
Hydrochlorothi Inhibits Indications CNS: Dizziness, vertigo, Decrease • Assess
azide 12.5 mg reabsorption of • Adjunctive therapy paresthesias, blood improvement in
1 tab OD PO sodium and in edema weakness, headache, pressure CVP q8h
chloride in distal associated with drowsiness, fatigue • Check for rashes
renal tubule, CHF, cirrhosis, CV: Orthostatic and temperature
increasing the corticosteroid, and hypotension, venous elevation daily
excretion of estrogen therapy; thrombosis, volume • Assess for
sodium, chloride, renal dysfunction depletion, cardiac confusion
and water by the • Hypertension as arrhythmias, chest • Monitor
kidney. sole therapy or in pain
manifestations
combination with Dermatologic:
of hypokalemia:
other Photosensitivity, rash,
acidic urine,
antihypertensives purpura, exfoliative
reduced urine,
• Unlabeled uses: dermatitis, hives,
osmolality,
 Calcium alopecia nocturia,
nephrolithiasis GI: Nausea, anorexia, hypotension,
alone or with vomiting, dry mouth, tachycardia,
amiloride or diarrhea, constipation, weak pulse,
allopurinol to jaundice, hepatitis, weakness,
prevent pancreatitis altered LOC
recurrences in GU: Polyuria, nocturia, • Monitor for
hypercalciuric or impotence, loss of manifestations
normal calciuric libido of
patients; diabetes Hematologic: hypomagnesemi
insipidus, Leukopenia, a: agitation,
especially thrombocytopenia, muscle
nephrogenic agranulocytosis, twitching,
diabetes insipidus; aplastic anemia, paresthesias,
osteoporosis neutropenia hyperactive
Other: Muscle cramps reflexes,
Contraindications and muscle spasms, dysphagia,
• Contraindicated fever, gouty attacks, tetany, nausea,
with allergy to flushing, weight loss, vomiting,
thiazides, rhinorrhea, electrolyte diarrhea
sulfonamides; fluid imbalances, • Monitor for
or electrolyte hyperglycemia manifestations
imbalance; renal of hyponatremia:
disease (can lead increased BP,
to azotemia); liver cold, clammy
disease (risk of skin,
hepatic coma); hypovolemia,
anuria. abdominal
cramps, lethargy
• Assess fluid
volume status
• Monitor
electrolytes
Precautions:
• gout (risk of
attack); SLE;
glucose
tolerance
abnormalities,
diabetes
mellitus;
hyperparathyroid
ism; manic-
depressive
disorder
 (aggravated by
hypercalcemia);
pregnancy;
lactation,
elevated
triglyceride
levels.
Isosorbide Relaxes vascular Indications CNS: Headache, Relief of • Assess for pain:
mononitrate smooth muscle • Dinitrate: apprehension, angina duration, time
60mg/tab 1 with a resultant Treatment and restlessness, pectoris started, activity
tab OD at HS decrease in venous prevention of weakness, vertigo, being performed,
PO return and angina pectoris dizziness, faintness character,
decrease in arterial • Mononitrate: CV: Tachycardia, intensity
Isosorbide BP, which reduces Prevention of retrosternal • Assess
dinitrate 5 mg left ventricular angina pectoris discomfort, orthostatic
PRN for chest workload and palpitations, hypotension,
pain decreases Contraindications hypotension, blood pressure
myocardial oxygen • Contraindicated syncope, collapse, at baseline and
consumption. orthostatic during treatment
with allergy to
hypotension, angina,
nitrates, severe
rebound hypertension, Precautions:
anemia, head
atrial fibrillation,
trauma, cerebral • pregnancy,
postdural
hemorrhage, lactation, acute
hypertension
hypertrophic MI, CHF, postural
Dermatologic: Rash,
cardiomyopathy, hypotension,
exfoliative dermatitis,
narrow-angle severe renal,
cutaneous vasodilation
glaucoma, hepatic disease
with flushing
postdural
GI: Nausea, vomiting,
hypotension
incontinence of urine
and feces, abdominal
pain, diarrhea
GU: Dysuria, impotence,
urinary frequency
Other: Muscle twitching,
pallor, perspiration,
cold sweat, arthralgia,
bronchitis