Assignment 4

Printer and Network

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1. List down the types of printer and explain briefly.

Dot-matrix printers use a set of closely spaced pins and a ribbon to print letters or other characters on a page. These printers actually impact the page to print a character. It vary in terms of speed and the number of pins they have. Bubble jet printers spray ionized tiny drops of ink onto a page to create an image. This is achieved by using magnetized plates which direct the inks path onto the paper in the desired pattern. Alost all ink-jets offer a color option as standard, in varying degrees of resolution. Laser printers operate by shining a laser beam to produce an image on a drum. Finally using a combination of heat and pressure, the ink on the drum is transferred onto the page. Laser printers pring very fast, and the supply cartridges work a long time.

2. What are stages we need to know when troubleshooting laser printer? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Drum cleaning Primary charge Laser beam exposure Transfer and seperation Fusing

3. Why we are still using DOT Matrix Printer?

Dot matrix printers, like any impact printer, can print on multi-part stationery or make carbon-copies. It has one of the lowest printing costs per page. As the ink is running out, the printout gradually fades rather than suddenly stopping partway through a job. They are able to use continous paper rather than requiring individual sheets, making them useful for data logging. They are good, reliable workhorses ideal for use in situations where printed content is more important than quality.

4. What types of ports or interface used to connect our printer and PC? - An old type printers that has the appropriate logic circuits and connectors uses a parallel port and/or a serial port. - Nowadays, the USB ports can be used to connect printer and PC.

5. What is PRINT Server?

- A print server, or printer server is a device that allows computer workstations to interface with one or more printers that are shared on a network. It can accept print jobs from the computers and send the jobs to the appropriate printers.

6. What is computer network? - A computer network is a collection of computers and devices interconnected to one another for the purpose of communication. Networks may be classified according to a wide variety of characteristics.

7. Why using computer network (advantages). Also explain the disadvantages. Advantages Save money on software and other programs Fast

Disadvantages Expensive to set up All the wires can get in the way If something goes wrong, the whole network could go down Lower security

Allows you to share files easily Increased storage capacity

8. Explain what is Peer to Peer and Server Based (client server) network.

Peer-to-Peer (P2P) It is a distributed application architecture that partition tasks or workloads between peers. Peers are equally privileged, equipotent participants in the application. They are said to form a peer-to-peer network of nodes. Server based (Client-sever) It is a server-based network consists of a group of user oriented PCs that request and receive network services from specialized computer.

9. List down the operating system that use peer or server based network.

Linux Unix MS Window Window server Mac

10. Explain briefly 5 different services used in computer network. 1. Share internet access 2. File and Printer sharing

3. Multiplayer Gaming 4. Entertainment Audio and Video Distribution 5. Respond to request from application on the network

11.What do we needs if we want to setup small LAN.

Network Adapter Network Medium Cable connectors Power Supply

Hub/Switch/Router Network Software

- A computer needs a network adapter to connect to a network. It converts computer data into electronic signals. Wired networks need cables. The most common form of cable used in networks is called the Unshielded Twisted Pair. In wired metworks, the most common form of connector is the RJ45 port. Both wired and wireless networks need a power supply. A wireless network uses the current to generate radio waves. A cabled network sends datainterpreted as an electronic pulse. In wired networks, one computer cannot connect to many others without some form of splitter. A hub is little more than a splitter. Software on a communicating computer, packages data into segments and put that data into a structure calles a packet.

12. List down the network topology. Explain the advantages and disadvantages.

Bus topology Advantages Disadvantages Star topology Advantages

: Simple and Cheap : One bad connection brings entire network down and low bandwidth : Simple operation due to its centralized nature : It also archieves an isolation of each device in the network : The network operation depends on the functioning of the central hub : Error free network communication : Expensive to implement and works at much slower speeds than Fast Ethernet : It is supported by many network vendors and hardware vendors : Best topology for branched out networks : It entirely dependant on the trunk which is the main backbone of the network. Once there is a failure, the entire network would fail : Maximum fault tolerance : Expensive

Disadvantages

Ring topology Advantages Disadvantages Tree topology Advantages

Disadvantages

Mesh topology Advantages Disadvantages

13.List down the networking devices used to create LAN and WAN.

Hub Switch Router Repeater Modem

14.What media and connector used in BUS, STAR and RING topology?

Bus topology Uses repeaters/HUB Star topology Uses HUB/ Switch as the center Ring topology Uses MAU

15.What do meants by attenuation? How to reduce these effects? - Attenuation is a reduction in signal strength over distance. To reduce the effects, repeaters are used to boost the signal strength.

16.List down the bandwidth for all the topology in LAN.

Fully switched 100/ 1000 Mbps connections to the user desktop (PC) Server connections must be 1000 Mbps or better to the switch All switch uplinks should use full duplex connectivity at 1000 Mbps or better

17.What is Simplex, Half and Full Duplex. Simplex duplex is one way communication. For example would be a keyboard to CPU. The CPU never needs to send characters to the keyboard, but tthe keyboard always sends characters to the CPU. A half duplex is a two way communication, one direction at a time. Its like a one-lane bridge where two ways traffic must give way in order to cross. Only one end transmits at a time, the other end receives. For example a walkie-talkie.

Full duplex is a two way simultaneous communication. There is no need to switch from transmit to receive mode like in half duplex. For example a telephone.